Civil parishes in South Yorkshire explained
A civil parish is a country subdivision, forming the lowest unit of local government in England. There are 94 civil parishes in the ceremonial county of South Yorkshire, most of the county being unparished. At the 2001 census, there were 360,191 people living in the parishes, increasing to 369,220 in 2011, accounting for 27.5 per cent of the county's population.
History
Parishes arose from Church of England divisions, and were originally purely ecclesiastical divisions. Over time they acquired civil administration powers.[1]
The Highways Act 1555 made parishes responsible for the upkeep of roads. Every adult inhabitant of the parish was obliged to work four days a year on the roads, providing their own tools, carts and horses; the work was overseen by an unpaid local appointee, the Surveyor of Highways.[2]
The poor were looked after by the monasteries, until their dissolution. In 1572, magistrates were given power to 'survey the poor' and impose taxes for their relief. This system was made more formal by the Poor Law Act 1601, which made parishes responsible for administering the Poor Law; overseers were appointed to charge a rate to support the poor of the parish.[3] The 19th century saw an increase in the responsibility of parishes, although the Poor Law powers were transferred to Poor Law Unions.[4] The Public Health Act 1872 grouped parishes into Rural Sanitary Districts, based on the Poor Law Unions; these subsequently formed the basis for Rural Districts.[5]
Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes,[6] although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.[7]
Civil parishes in their modern sense date from the Local Government Act 1894, which abolished vestries; established elected parish councils in all rural parishes with more than 300 electors; grouped rural parishes into Rural Districts; and aligned parish boundaries with county and borough boundaries.[7] Urban civil parishes continued to exist, and were generally coterminous with the Urban District, Municipal Borough or County Borough in which they were situated; many large towns contained a number of parishes, and these were usually merged into one. Parish councils were not formed in urban areas, and the only function of the parish was to elect guardians to Poor Law Unions; with the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930 the parishes had only a nominal existence.[8]
The Local Government Act 1972 retained civil parishes in rural areas, and many former Urban Districts and Municipal Boroughs that were being abolished, were replaced by new successor parishes; urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes became unparished areas.[9]
The current position
Recent governments have encouraged the formation of town and parish councils in unparished areas, and the Local Government and Rating Act 1997 gave local residents the right to demand the creation of a new civil parish.[10]
A parish council can become a town council unilaterally, simply by resolution;[9] and a civil parish can also gain city status, but only if that is granted by the Crown.[9] The chairman of a town or city council is called a mayor.[9] The Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 introduced alternative names: a parish council can now choose to be called a community; village; or neighbourhood council.[11]
List of civil parishes and unparished areas
| Image | Name | Status | Population | District | Former local authority | Refs |
|---|
| | Unparished area | 91,297 | | | [12]
|
| | Civil parish | 210 | | | [13]
|
| | Unparished area | 7,267 | | |
[14] |
| | Civil parish | 1,151 | | | [15]
|
| | Unparished area | 10,977 | | | [16]
|
| | Unparished area | 10,685 | | | [17]
|
| | Unparished area | 21,345 | | | [18]
|
| | Unparished area | 22,387 | | | [19]
|
| | Unparished area | 9,777 | | | [20]
|
| | Civil parish | 568 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 2,475 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 460 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 128 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 17,710 | | | [21]
|
| | Civil parish | 346 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 222 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 659 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,225 | | |
|
| | Town | 11,270 | | | [22]
|
| | Unparished area | 10,728 | | | [23]
|
| | Civil parish | 3,447 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 3,153 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 390 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,671 | | | [24]
|
| | Civil parish | 1,969 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 11,477 | | | [25]
|
| | Unparished area | 9,682 | | | [26]
|
| | Civil parish | 626 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 19,222 | | | [27]
|
| | Civil parish | 333 | | | [28]
|
| | Civil parish | 14,457 | | |
|
| | Town | 5,570 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 3,745 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 536 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,924 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 8,592 | | |
|
| | Town | 3,573 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 14,191 | | | [29]
|
| | Civil parish | 1,162 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,060 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 2,936 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 300 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 203 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 2,817 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 230 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 15,934 | | | [30]
|
| | Civil parish | 374 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 329 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 109,805 | | | [31]
|
| | Civil parish | 4,776 | | |
|
| | Town | 7,856 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 121 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,497 | | | [32]
|
| | Civil parish | 682 | | | [33]
|
| | Civil parish | 203 | | |
|
| | Town | 17,326 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 274 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 300 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 201 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 320 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 156 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 146 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 15,244 | | | [34]
|
| | Civil parish | 389 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 4,625 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 145 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 13,537 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 12,134 | | |
|
| | Town | 6,282 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 271 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 515 | | |
|
| | Town | 17,295 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 203 | | |
|
| | Town | 5,228 | | | [35]
|
| | Civil parish | 1,137 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,753 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 15,134 | | | [36]
|
| | Civil parish | 7,491 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 4,610 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 8,789 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 10,292 | | |
|
| | Town | 9,077 | | | [37]
|
| | Civil parish | 299 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 226
(including Letwell) | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,879 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 825 | | | [38]
|
| | Civil parish | 132 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 210 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,241 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | | | |
[39] |
| | Town | 16,856 | | | [40]
|
| | Civil parish | 9,217 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 739 (including part of Waverley) | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 2,828 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 18,498 | | | [41]
|
| | Unparished area | 109,691 | | | [42]
|
| | Unparished area | 11,701 | | | [43]
|
| | Civil parish | 476 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 4,058 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 6,900 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,634 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 3,189 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 172 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 7,069 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 11,816 | | | [44]
|
| | Civil parish | created post census | | |
[45] |
| | Civil parish | 1,478 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 5,042 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 7,392 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 1,746 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 17,100 | | |
|
| | Civil parish | 32,073 | | |
|
| | Unparished area | 518,090 | | | [46]
|
| | Town | 13,455 | | | [47]
| |
See also
External links
Notes and References
- Angus Winchester, 2000, Discovering Parish Boundaries. Shire Publications. Princes Risborough, 96 pages
- http://www.racfoundation.org/files/British%20Highways%20Development%20Before%20Motorways.pdf RAC Foundation : What Went Wrong? British Highway Development Before Motorways
- http://www.victorianweb.org/history/poorlaw/plintro.html The Victorian Web : The Poor Law : Introduction
- http://www.staffs.ac.uk/schools/humanities_and_soc_sciences/census/unions.htm Staffordshire University : Poor Law Unions and Registration Districts
- https://web.archive.org/web/20070810205704/http://vision.edina.ac.uk/types/status_page.jsp?unit_status=RSD A Vision of Britain Through Time : Status Details for Rural Sanitary District
- Robert Tittler, The Reformation and the Towns in England, 1998, Oxford University Press, 395 pages,
- http://homepages.newnet.co.uk/dance/webpjd/offstats/regevents.htm Modern British Surnames : Selected Events in the History of Civil Registration and Boundary Changes 1801-1996
- Alex MacMorran and T R Colquhoun Dill, The Local Government Act 1894 and the Subsequent Statutes Affecting Parish Councils, 1907, Butterworth and Co, London, 626 pages
- http://www.uk-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/RevisedStatutes/Acts/ukpga/1972/cukpga_19720070_en_1 Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government Act 1972
- http://www.uk-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts1997/ukpga_19970029_en_1 Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government and Rating Act 1997
- http://www.uk-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts2007/ukpga_20070028_en_1 Office of Public Sector Information : Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007
- https://archive.today/20121224090712/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10186572&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Barnsley County Borough
- http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10034401&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Hemsworth Rural District
- Web site: The Next Steps for Brierley Town Council. Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council. 17 January 2018. 24 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171024095726/https://www.barnsley.gov.uk/news/the-next-steps-for-brierley-town-council/. dead.
- https://archive.today/20121224075700/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10026430&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Penistone Rural District
- https://archive.today/20120915045934/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10166640&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Cudworth Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121225092941/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10144097&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Darfield Urban District
- https://archive.today/20120914161429/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10108494&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Darton Urban District
- https://archive.today/20120919170645/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002266&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Dearne Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121225043424/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10221020&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Dodworth Urban District
- https://archive.today/20120918094710/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10026350&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Hoyland Nether Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121224111733/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10108597&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Penistone Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121224150816/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10108603&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Royston Urban District
- http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10042483&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Wortley Rural District
- https://archive.today/20120915081555/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136167&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Wombwell Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121224113157/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10186237&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Worsbrough Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121224062855/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10199438&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Adwick le Street Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121225022707/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10108500&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Doncaster Rural District
- http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10042586&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Bentley with Arksey Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121224063912/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10042392&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Conisbrough Urban District
- https://archive.today/20120918224542/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136283&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Doncaster County Borough
- http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10173577&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : East Retford Rural District
- https://archive.today/20121224110109/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10186535&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Thorne Rural District
- https://archive.today/20121224165224/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10074307&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Mexborough Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121224105012/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10210410&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Tickhill Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121224133534/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10002369&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Rotherham Rural District
- http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136040&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Kiveton Park Rural District
- Web site: The Rotherham Borough Council (Reorganisation of Community Governance) Order 2010. Lgbce. 15 March 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084835/https://www.lgbce.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/12466/rotherham-borough-council-rocg-order-2010.pdf. 16 March 2018. dead. dmy-all.
- http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/viewFullDataset.do?instanceSelection=03070&productId=779&$ph=60_61&datasetInstanceId=3070&startColumn=1&numberOfColumns=8&containerAreaId=790255 Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Rotherham
- https://archive.today/20121224073329/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10173449&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Maltby Urban District
- https://archive.today/20121224134640/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10221109&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Rawmarsh Urban District
- https://archive.today/20120914143105/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10136301&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Rotherham County Borough
- https://archive.today/20120919165516/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10220671&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Swinton Urban District
- https://archive.today/20120914141624/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10221286&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Wath upon Dearne Urban District
- Web site: The Rotherham (Reorganisation of Community Governance) Order (2018). Local Government Boundary Commission for England. 8 September 2019.
- https://archive.today/20120914124431/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10152513&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Sheffield County Borough
- https://archive.today/20121224113503/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10199414&c_id=10001043 A Vision of Britain Through Time : Stocksbridge Urban District
