| City of Asylum | |
| Logo Alt: | City of Asylum written in various languages serves as the organizations logo. |
| Coordinates: | 40.4556°N -80.0075°W |
| Formation: | 2004 |
| Type: | Non-profit |
| Purpose: | To provide sanctuary to endangered literary writers. |
| Headquarters: | 40 W. North Ave Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |
| Num Staff: | 14 |
| Leader Title: | Executive Director |
| Leader Name: | Andrés Franco |
| Founders: | R. Henry Reese, Diane Samuels |
| Budget: | $1,100,000 |
City of Asylum (more formally City of Asylum/Pittsburgh) is a nonprofit organization based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, that helps writers exiled from their countries for their controversial writing.[1]
Exiled writers accepted to the organization's program receive two years of financial and medical support for their families and up to four years of free housing. The aid is intended to provide the writers time and means to seek resettlement and adjust to life in the United States.[2] [3] [4] [5]
Founded in 2004 by Henry Reese and Diane Samuels,[6] the organization runs the Alphabet City venue, Sampsonia Way magazine, and Pittsburgh's Jazz Poetry Month. City of Asylum hosts more than 175 cultural and literary events every year which are free to the public.[7]
In 2016, it became the U.S. headquarters for the International Cities of Refuge Network (ICORN), which called the organization a “model for the world.”[8] In 2017, the organization converted an old Masonic lodge into their main headquarters, called Alphabet City.[9]
After Pittsburgh couple Henry Reese and Diane Samuels heard Salman Rushdie mention the more-than-50-city International Cities of Refuge Networking in Europe, they sought and received approval to create a new node in their own city.[10] [3] [11] The couple bought a former crack house on Sampsonia Way in Pittsburgh's North Side.[12] They joined the nearby Mattress Factory and Randyland to fight post-industrial blight in the Mexican War Streets area.[13]
The organization was originally funded by donations from friends, an outlier among asylum programs which are typically under universities and other institutions. The original money raised was spent to provide housing, medical benefits, and a living stipend for a writer.[14]
The organization’s first author resident was Huang Xiang, a Chinese poet who had been sentenced to death in China for his participation in the Democracy Wall Movement.[12] [15] He and his wife Zhang Ling were granted asylum in the United States through City of Asylum.[16]
On August 12, 2022, Reese was preparing to interview Rushdie on stage in New York when an attacker stabbed the author. During the attack, Reese received facial lacerations and a black eye.[17] He later said, "Don’t be intimidated, if anything you should be re-energized by what we have just been through...You can't give into being silenced."[18]
At least 10 writers-in-exile have stayed for more than a year in City of Asylum apartments, while another 20 international artist-in-residence writers have stayed one to three months.[9]
| Years | Writer | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004-2006 | Huang Xiang | China | |
| 2006-2011 | Horacio Castellanos Moya | El Salvador | |
| 2006-2009 | Khet Mar | Burma | |
| 2011-2018 | Israel Centeno | Venezuela | |
| 2013-2015 | Yaghoub Yadali | Iran | |
| 2016–present | Tuhin Das | Bangladesh | |
| 2017-2019 | Osama Alomar | Syria | |
| 2019-2021 | Bewketu Seyoum | Ethiopia | |
| 2021–present | Jorge Olivera Castillo | Cuba | |
| 2022–present | Anouar Rahmani | Algeria |
Huang Xuang wanted to carve a poem into a mountain, but took Samuels' suggestion that he paint the poems on his house. The building became known as House Poem, and people have slipped their own poems into the mail slot.[10] [19] Other writers followed suit; as of 2021, five City of Asylum houses on Sampsonia Way have murals.
| Year | Name | Artist | Address | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | House Poem | Huang Xiang | 408 Sampsonia Way | |
| 2006 | Winged House | Thaddeus Mosley | 402 Sampsonia Way | |
| 2009 | Pittsburgh-Burma House | Than Htay Muang | 324 Sampsonia Way | |
| 2010 | Jazz House | Oliver Lake | 320 Sampsonia Way | |
| 2021 | Comma House | Tuhin Das | 308 Sampsonia Way |
In 2015, City of Asylum acquired a former Masonic Hall from the Urban Redevelopment Authority of Pittsburgh and launched a $12.2 million renovation.[8] The project received $8 million in tax credits and additional funding from local foundations.[9] Dubbed Alphabet City, the building now houses administrative offices, the City of Asylum bookstore, and a restaurant. All events held at the space are free.[20]
City of Asylum Books, a separate entity from the non-profit organization, specializes in international and translated literature.[21]
The first restaurant to open in the renovated Alphabet City was Casellula, a cheese and wine cafe with a strict no-tipping policy.[22] The restaurant closed in late 2017, weeks after staff aired grievances on "Tipped Off", a restaurant industry blog.[23] From 2018 to 2020, the restaurant space housed Brugge on North, a branch of Pittsburgh restaurants Point Brugge and Park Brugge.[24] [25] The current restaurant is called 40 North.[26]
Jazz Poetry was the first event put on by City of Asylum in 2005. It was a collaboration between Huang Xiang and jazz musician Oliver Lake. City of Asylum continued to host Jazz Poetry annually. In 2016, the format changed from a single concert to a full month of concerts.[27]
River of Words is a public art installation by exiled Venezuelan writer and artist resident Israel Centeno.[28] The installation involved a choice of 100 words, all relevant to Pittsburgh, of which Mexican War Street neighbors were invited to display on the wall, door, or window of their houses.[10] [29] The representation of the words were designed by Venezuelan artists Carolina Arnal and Gisela Romero.[30]
The City of Asylum publishes a magazine called Sampsonia Way which has publishes English translations of exiled writers. The publication's goal is to fight censorship and celebrate free expression in literature.[10]