Cirsium toyoshimae explained

is an extinct species of thistle in the family Asteraceae that was endemic to the Bonin Islands of Tōkyō Metropolis, Japan.^{[1] [2]}

Taxonomy

The species was first described by Japanese botanist Gen-ichi Koidzumi in 1919.^[1]

Description

Cirsium toyoshimae had pale purple flowers and soft spines and was somewhat smaller than the extant Cirsium boninense.^{[2] [3]} It used to grow in wooded areas near the coast.^[3]

Conservation status

Cirsium toyoshimae is classed as extinct on the Ministry of the Environment Red List.^{[4] [5]}

Notes and References

1. Contributiones ad Floram Asiae Orientalis . la . . The Botanical Magazine . 0006-808X . 1919 . 33 . 389 . 110–122 [115].
2. Web site: https://www.kahaku.go.jp/research/db/botany/azami/detail.html?no=101 . ja:トヨシマアザミ . Cirsium toyoshimae . ja . . 7 May 2022.
3. Web site: https://tokyo-rdb.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/index.php . ja:トヨシマアザミ . Cirsium toyoshimae . ja . . 7 May 2022.
4. Book: https://ikilog.biodic.go.jp/rdbdata/files/envpdf/植物Ⅰ_006.pdf . ja:レッドデータブック2014 —日本の絶滅のおそれのある野生生物— 8 植物I（維管束植物）. Red Data Book 2014 — Threatened Wildlife of Japan — Volume 8, Vascular Plants . ja . . Gyōsei Corporation . 2015 . 978-4-324-09902-5 . 8.
5. Web site: https://ikilog.biodic.go.jp/rdbdata/files/redlist2020/redlist2020_ikansoku.csv . ja:維管束植物 . Vascular Plants . ja . . 27 March 2020 . 7 May 2022.