Ciolo (Apulia) Explained

Ciolo
Translation:Magpies
Photo Size:248
Map:Italy#Italy Apulia
City:Gagliano del Capo
Coordinates:39.84°N 18.38°W
Elevation:26m (85feet)
Length:190m (620feet)
Length Orientation:West-East
Width:49m (161feet)
Width Orientation:North-South
Depth:144m (472feet)
Traversed:Ciolo's Bridge, Ciolo's Trail, Cipolliane's Trail

Ciolo is a narrow coastal inlet and a site of historical and environmental interest, which is located in the south of Apulia, in the historical region of Salento, Italy. The location is also known as a geological site and for the presence of numerous sea caves, the largest one being the Grotta del Ciolo. Since October 2006 the Ciolo's area has become part of the Regional Park "Costa Otranto - Santa Maria di Leuca e Bosco di Tricase", created by the Apulia region to protect the eastern coast of Salento, specifically the architectural assets as well as important animal and plant species.

The name Ciolo comes from the noun in salentino dialect "ciole", which refers to crows or magpies, which are widespread in this region.[1] [2]

Location

Ciolo is located in the comune of Gagliano del Capo, in Apulia and it is part of the Regional Natural Coastal Park of "Costa Otranto Santa Maria di Leuca Bosco di Tricase".

Ponte del Ciolo (Ciolo's Bridge)

Ciolo is dominated by Ponte Ciolo (Ciolo's Bridge), a road bridge built in the 1960s. It crosses the inlet and connects the two shores of Santa Maria di Leuca and Novaglie. The single-span bridge is approximately 30 meters above water, 60 meters long and 10 meters wide.

The first structure, part of a project for the entire coastal road by the engineer Mario Carrone, envisaged a bridge with two continuous spans. This project was unfeasible due to the impossibility to build the central pile, as evidenced by the geo-technical report by the professor and engineer Vincenzo Cotecchia. At that point the engineer Antonio La Tegola was appointed. He adopted the technique of the Swiss engineer Robert Maillart, which required the incorporation of a thin vault and a stiffening deck. For this reason the structure the bridge was called Maillart's Bridge in the preliminary plans and studies.[3]

Ciolo's Bridge was built by rotating the previously planned road axis, an operation that was necessary to find the right supports for the span. There are still some concrete stumps under the current span, which were necessary for the construction of the rib.

Since the construction in the 1960s the bridge has been object of reinforcement and consolidation's works, the last being in the summer of 2019.[4]

The Ciolo's Caves

In Ciolo canyon there are several sea caves formed during the Neolithic and Paleolithic age. In total this area includes three different major caves: the Grotta Grande del Ciolo (Ciolo's Huge Cave), the Grotta Piccola Del Ciolo (Ciolo's Small Cave) and the Grotta Delle Prazziche (Cave of the Prazziche).[5] [6]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Piccinini. Marco. 7 March 2015. Grotta Grande del Ciolo. Grotta Grande del Ciolo. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160714230426/http://www.salogentis.it:80/2015/03/07/grotta-grande-del-ciolo/ . 2016-07-14 . www.salogentis.it. it.
  2. Book: Ingravallo , Elettra . La Passione dell'origine. Giuliano Cremonesi e la ricerca preistorica nel Salento. Conte Editore. 1997. it. The ancient passion. Giuliano Cremonesi and the prehistoric research in Salento.
  3. Web site: DeGiuseppe. Alfredo. 2020. Speciale Ponte Ciolo. Special Ponte Ciolo. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200813054917/https://www.alfredodegiuseppe.it/index.php/archivio-2020/725-2020-06-speciale-ponte-ciolo-39-parallelo . 2020-08-13 . 39 ° Parallelo. it.
  4. Web site: 19 June 2019. I tuffi adrenalitici dal Ponte del Ciolo. Dives from the Ciolo Bridge. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200813195033/https://www.regionepuglia.org/i-tuffi-adrenalitici-del-ponte-del-ciolo/ . 2020-08-13 . www.regionepuglia.org. it.
  5. Web site: Cocco. Diana. Romanazzi. Emma. Salvati. Luciano. 2013. Guida di Gagliano del Capo/Ponte Ciolo. Tour guide of Gagliano del Capo/Ponte Ciolo. rete.comuni-italiani.it. it.
  6. Web site: Parise. Mario. Sammarco. Mariangela. 2005. Cipolliane's Caves in Salento (Apulia, southern italy): karst geomorphology and the filling deposits.. ResearchGate. en.
  7. Russo. Riccardo. Valente. Sara. Colangelo. Giuseppe. Belmonte. Genuario. 2015. Meiofauna distribution on hard substrata in a submarine cave. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. en. Cambridge University Press. 95. 8. 1555–1564. 10.1017/S002531541500051X. 90446840.
  8. Web site: Denitto. Francesco. Genuario. Belmonte. 2008. 2008. Censimento 2008. 2008 Census. Salento University. it.
  9. Web site: Belmonte. Genuario. 1999. Le grotte marine del Salento: classificazione, localizzazione e descrizione. The sea caves of Salento: classification, location and description. ResearchGate. it.
  10. Web site: Montagna. Maria Teresa. Indagini micologiche in alcune grotte della murgia barese e del territorio salentino: risultati preliminari. Mycological investigations in some caves of the Bari murgia and the Salento territory: preliminary results. it.
  11. Margiotta. S.. Sansò. P.. 25 June 2014. The Geological Heritage of Otranto-Leuca Coast (Salento, Italy). Geoheritage. 6. 4. 305–316. 10.1007/s12371-014-0126-8. 128873613. en.
  12. Delle Rose. Marco. 2001. Salento miocene: a preliminarypaleoenviromental reconstruction. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200229195215/http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/thalassiasal/article/view/2243 . 2020-02-29 . Thalassia Salentina. 25 . 41–66 . Salento University. 10.1285/i15910725v25p41 . en.
  13. Web site: Parente. Mariano. 1994. A revised stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous to Oligocene units from southeastern Salento (Apulia, southern Italy). ResearchGate . en.
  14. Book: Carta geologica d'Italia 1:50.000. Catalogo delle formazioni.. Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato. 2006. it. Geological map of Italy 1:50.000..
  15. Web site: 1987. Contributo alla distribuzione e alla cariologica di Allium commutatum guss in Puglia. Contribution to the distribution and cariological of Allium commutatum guss in Puglia. Academia . it. Alla. Alla.
  16. Web site: Beccarisi. Leonardo. Chiriacò. Leonardo. Marchiori. Silvano. Medagli. Pietro. 2001. Felci (Filicopsida) spontanee del Salento (Puglia, Italia). Spontaneous ferns (Filicopsida) of Salento (Puglia, Italy). ResearchGate . it.
  17. Web site: Beccarisi. Leonardo. Medagli. Pietro. Chiriacò. Leonardo. Marchiori. Silvano. 6 December 2002. Indagine fitogeografia sulle felci delle grotte pugliesi. Phytogeographic research on the ferns present in the Apulian caves. ResearchGate . it.
  18. Book: Medagli. Pietro. Albano. Antonella. Mele. Concetta. Marchiori. Silvano. 2008. Gli endemismi esclusivi della flora salentina. The exclusive endemisms of the flora in Salento. it. 978-88-88156-62-0.
  19. Todaro. M. Antonio. Leasi. Francesca. Bizzarri. Nicoletta. Tongiorgi. Paolo. 1 December 2005. Meiofauna densities and gastrotrich community composition in a Mediterranean sea cave. Marine Biology. Springer-Verlag. 29 March 2006. 149. 5. 1079–1091. 10.1007/s00227-006-0299-z. 53122923.
  20. Guidetti. Paolo. Terlizzi. Antonio. Fraschetti. Simonetta. Boero. Ferdinando. 28 January 2009. Spatio‐temporal variability in fish assemblages associated with coralligenous formations in south eastern Apulia (SE Italy) . Italian Journal of Zoology. 69. 4. 325–331. 10.1080/11250000209356477. 83805645.
  21. Bussotti. Simona. Guidetti. Paolo. Belmonte. Genuario. 15 July 2002. Distribution patterns of the cardinal fish, Apogon imberbis, in shallow marine caves in southern Apulia (SE Italy) . Italian Journal of Zoology. 70. 2. 153–157. 10.1080/11250000309356509. 85309163. 28 January 2009. free.
  22. Web site: Belmonte. G.. Onorato. R.. Denitto. F.. Costantini. A.. Bussotti. S.. Poto. M.. Novità esplorative e biologiche nelle grotte sottomarine del Canale d'Otranto. Exploratory and biological news in the undersea caves of Canale d'Otranto. digilander.libero.it. Università di Lecce. it.
  23. Guidetti. Paolo. D' Ambrosio. Paolo. January 2004. Spatial distribution patterns of Coris Julis and Thalassoma Pavo (pisces, labridae) along the South-Eastern Apulia Coast (SE Italy) . Thalassia Salentina . Università di Lecce. 27. 81–90. 10.1285/i15910725v27p81 . free.
  24. Gennaio. Roberto. 2014. Diffusion of Percnon Gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Grapsidae) along the south Salento, Italy. Thalassia Salentina . live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200828053017/http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/thalassiasal/article/view/14535 . 2020-08-28 . 36 . 85–90 . University of Salento . 10.1285/i15910725v36p85 . en.
  25. Ariani. Antonio. Wittiman. karl. 2016. Mysida (crustacea) from apulian (SE- Italy) Waters. First record of Gastrosaccus roscoffensis bacescu. 1970 italy. Thalassia Salentina . live. https://web.archive.org/web/20180511073912/http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/thalassiasal/article/view/16537 . 2018-05-11 . 38 . 15–26 . University of Salento . 10.1285/i15910725v38p15 . en.
  26. Martinez. Valente. 2011. Composition and time-space distribution of vagile meiofauna in the marine cave "Il Ciolo" (SE Italy, Mediterranean Sea). www.vliz.be. en. Dissertation.
  27. Web site: Gianna Servello . Franco Andaloro . Ernesto Azzurro . Luca Castriota . Marcello Carta . Antonia Chiarore . Fabio Crocetta . Michela D'Alessandro . Francesco Denitto . Carlo Froglia . Cinzia Gravili . Martin R. Langer . Sabrina Lo Brutto . Francesco Mastrototaro . Antonella Petrocelli Carlo Ppipitone . Stefano Piraino . Giulio Relini . Donatella Serio . Nicholas Jason Xentidis . Argyro Zenetos. 2019. Marine alien species in Italy: a contribution to the implementation of descriptor D2 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. ResearchGate . en.
  28. Denitto. Francesco. Bussotti. Simona. Costantini. Andrea. Poto. Marco. Onorato. Raffaele. Belmonte. Genuario. 2009. Prima indagine Faunistica della grotta del Sifone (canale d'Otranto, Salento meridionale, Italia). First Survey of the Syphon's cave (canale d'Otranto, Southern Salento, Italy). siba-ese.unisalento.it. Nardò (LE). it. PDF. 10.1285/i15910725v32p129. 0563-3745.
  29. Onorato. Michele. Belmonte. Genuario. 2017. Submarine Caves of the Salento Peninsula: Faunal Aspects. Thalassia Salentina . live. https://web.archive.org/web/20180505183455/http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/thalassiasal/article/view/18771 . 2018-05-05 . 39 . 47–72 . Centro di Speleologia Sottomarina Apogon. 10.1285/i15910725v39p47 . en.
  30. Web site: Rubino. Fernando. Moscatello. Salvatore. Saracino. Orestina. Fanelli. Giovanni. 2004. Plankton biodiversity around the Salento Peninsula (South East Italy): An integrated water/sediment approach. ResearchGate . en.
  31. Web site: Poto. Marco. Belmonte. Genuario. Onorato. Raffaele. 2006. Novità esplorative e biologiche nelle grotte sottomarine del Canale d'Otranto. Exploratory and biological innovations in underwater caves of the Otranto Canal. ResearchGate . it.
  32. Cardone. F.. Corriero. G.. Longo. C.. Massive bioconstructions built by Neopycnodonte cochlear (Mollusca, Bivalvia) in a mesophotic environment in the central Mediterranean Sea. Scientific Reports. 2020. 14 April 2020. 10. 1. 6337. 10.1038/s41598-020-63241-y. 32286422. 7156399. 2020NatSR..10.6337C.
  33. Web site: Bosellini. Alfonso. Bosellini. Francesca. Colalongo. Maria Luisa. Parente. Mariano. 1999. Stratigraphic Architecture of the Salento Coast from Capo d'Otranto to S. Maria di Leuca (Apulia, Southern Italy). ResearchGate . en.
  34. Web site: Parente. Mariano. 1994. Cymopolia decastroi n. sp. and Cymopolia barattoloi n. sp.from the upper M aastrichtian of southeastern Salento (Apulia, southern Italy) with some remarks on the problem of species definition in fossil Dasycladales. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200810092556/https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Beitr-Palaeontologie_19_0161-0179.pdf . 2020-08-10 . en. Wien.
  35. Web site: 14 August 2020. Il Ciolo, il rifugio dell'anima ai confini della terra. Ciolo, the soul's haven at the end of the Earth. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150820081507/http://www.leccenews24.it/turismo/viaggi-itinerari/il-ciolo-rifugio-dell-anima-ai-confini-della-terra.htm . 2015-08-20 . www.leccenews24.it. it.
  36. Book: Guida Arrampicata a Gagliano del Capo - Località Ciolo (Falesia di): Arrampicata Sportiva in Puglia. Riecon. 2014. 1301. 8. it. Free Climbing Guide at Gagliano Del Capo - Località Ciolo.
  37. Web site: Itinerario 6 le Marine di Gagliano del Capo: Baia del Ciolo, Marina di Novaglie. Trail 6 the Marines of Gagliano Del Capo: Ciolo's Bay, Marine of Novaglie. www.comune.gaglianodelcapo.le.it. Comune di Gagliano Del Capo. it.
  38. Web site: Sentiero del Ciolo. Ciolo's trail. www.comune.gaglianodelcapo.le.it. Comune di Gagliano del Capo. it.
  39. Scheda per il censimento degli itinerari naturalistici del Parco Regionale Costa Otranto - Santa Maria di Leuca. Sheet for the census of the naturalistic routes of the Regional Natural Coastal Park Otranto - Santa Maria di Leuca. Parco Regionale Costa Otranto - Santa Maria di Leuca e Bosco di Tricase. it. Parco Regionale Costa Otranto - Santa Maria di Leuca. 5. 2020-11-16. 2015-02-22. https://web.archive.org/web/20150222220007/http://www.parcootrantoleuca.it/images/stories/sentierociolo.pdf.
  40. Web site: Schiantarelli. Davide. Salento vertical, new rock climbs in Puglia, Italy. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170406112322/http://www.planetmountain.com:80/en/news/climbing/salento-vertical-new-rock-climbs-in-puglia-italy.html . 2017-04-06. Planet Mountain.
  41. Web site: UKC Logbook. UKClimbing.
  42. Web site: Staff Corte del Salento. 27 August 2016. Il fiordo del Ciolo: il ponte sospeso tra cielo e mare. The Ciolo's fjord: a bridge between the sea and the sky. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200930184224/https://www.cortedelsalento.net/salento-dintorni/il-fiordo-del-ciolo-il-ponte-sospeso-tra-cielo-e-mare . 2020-09-30 . www.cortedelsalento.net. it.
  43. Web site: Piccinini. Marco. 29 July 2009. Ciolo, un "piccolo fiordo" nel cuore del Salento. Ciolo, a "little fjord" in the heart of Salento. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20090826025637/http://www.salogentis.it:80/2009/07/29/il-ciolo-un-piccolo-fiordo-nel-cuore-del-salento/ . 2009-08-26 . www.salogentis.it. it.
  44. Web site: Il parco Naturale Regionale "Costa Otranto S.M. di Leuca - Bosco di Tricase. The Regional Natural Park "Costa Otranto S.M di Leuca - Bosco di Tricase". live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110423035828/http://www.parcootrantoleuca.it:80/ . 2011-04-23 . www.parcootrantoleuca.it. it.
  45. Web site: 2020. Bosco di Tricase. The Wood of Tricase. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20140726100541/http://www.parks.it/parco.costa.otranto/Eindex.php . 2014-07-26 . www.parks.it. it.

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