| Official Name: | Pesqueira |
| Pushpin Map: | Brazil |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Type2: | State |
| Subdivision Name: |  Brazil |
| Subdivision Name1: | Northeast |
| Subdivision Name2: | Pernambuco |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Evandro Mauro Maciel Chacon |
| Established Title: | Settled |
| Established Date: | 1660s |
| Established Title2: | Founded |
| Established Date2: | May 13th, 1836 |
| Established Title3: | Incorporated |
| Established Date3: | April 20th, 1880 |
| Area Total Km2: | 980.876 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 [1] |
| Population Total: | 67,735 |
| Population Density Km2: | 91.96 |
| Timezone: | BRT |
| Utc Offset: | -3 |
| Coordinates: | -8.3617°N -36.6947°W |
| Elevation M: | 654.0 |
| Blank Name: | HDI (2000) |
| Blank Info: | 0.610 |
Pesqueira (formerly known as Cimbres) is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Pernambuco. It had an estimated population in 2020 according to the IBGE, of 67,735. Its area is 980.876 km2.
The municipality was created in 1762 under the name Cimbres. In 1836, the seat of the local authority was transferred from the town of Cimbres to that of Poço de Pesqueira. In 1880 the village was renamed with the saint's name Águeda de Pesqueira. In 1913 the whole municipality started to be called Pesqueira, instead of Cimbres. In 1918, the city was made the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Pesqueira.
The district of Cimbres, old seat of the municipality, was the site of the Cimbres Marian apparition, in 1936 and 1937.
The unattested indigenous languages Tchili and Walêcoxô were formerly spoken in Cimbres. The extinct Paratió language, originally spoken on the Capibaribe River, was reported by Loukotka (1968) to have been spoken by a few individuals in Cimbres.[2] Various Xukuruan languages were also spoken in the Serra do Urubá (also known as the Serra do Arorobá or Serra do Ororubá) of Pesqueira municipality.[3]
The main economic activities in Pesqueira are based in general commerce, services and primary sector.