The First Secretary of the Chuvash regional branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the position of highest authority in the Chuvash AO (1920–1925) and the Chuvash ASSR (1925–1991) in the Russian SFSR of the Soviet Union. The position was created on October 8, 1920, and abolished in August 1991. The First Secretary was a de facto appointed position usually by the Politburo or the General Secretary himself.
| Name | Term of Office | Life years | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | |||
| First Secretaries of the Communist Party | ||||
| Daniel Elmen | October 8, 1920 | February 25, 1921 | 1885–1932 | |
| Georgy Savandeyev | March 1, 1921 | October 19, 1921 | 1889–1949 | |
| Anton Lastochkin | October 22, 1921 | March 15, 1922 | 1892–1968 | |
| Gavriil Mikhaylov | March 15, 1922 | October 12, 1922 | 1895–1967 | |
| Daniil Elmen | October 15, 1922 | May 10, 1924 | 1885–1932 | |
| Mikhail Tomasov | May 15, 1924 | October 22, 1925 | 1896–1978 | |
| Vasily Alekseyev | October 23, 1925 | November 22, 1926 | 1893–1970 | |
| Sergey Petrov | November 22, 1926 | November 14, 1937 | 1889–1942 | |
| Gerasim Ivanov | November 14, 1937 | September 17, 1938 | 1905–1938 | |
| Aleksey Volkov | September 17, 1938 | March 4, 1940 | 1890–1942 | |
| Ivan Charykov | March 4, 1940 | December 2, 1948 | 1902–1965 | |
| Timofey Akhazov | December 2, 1948 | November 14, 1955 | 1907–1979 | |
| Semyon Islyukov | November 14, 1955 | January 4, 1968 | 1915–1998 | |
| Nikolay Voronovsky | January 4, 1968 | November 28, 1973 | 1914–1973 | |
| Ilya Prokopyev | January 14, 1974 | October 25, 1988 | 1926–2017 | |
| Aleksandr Petrov | October 25, 1988 | June 2, 1990 | 1933– | |
| Valentin Shurchanov | June 2, 1990 | August 1991 | 1947–2020 | |