Church Missions House Explained

Church Missions House
Location:281 Park Ave. South
Manhattan, New York, US
Coordinates:40.7392°N -73.9867°W
Built:1892
Architect:Robert Williams Gibson
Edward J. Neville Stent
Architecture:Late 19th and Early 20th Century Revivals
Flemish style
Added:June 3, 1982
Refnum:82003370
Designated Other2 Name:New York City Landmark
Designated Other2 Date:September 11, 1979
Designated Other2 Abbr:NYCL
Designated Other2 Link:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
Designated Other2 Number:1044
Designated Other2 Color:
  1. ffe978
Designated Other1:New York State Register of Historic Places
Designated Other1 Num Position:bottom
Designated Other1 Number:06101.001680
Designated Other1 Abbr:NYSRHP
Designated Other1 Date:April 9, 1982[1]

Church Missions House (also known as 281 Park Avenue South) is a historic building at Park Avenue South and East 22nd Street in the Gramercy Park neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Part of an area once known as "Charity Row", the building was designed by Robert W. Gibson and Edward J. Neville Stent, with a steel structure and medieval-inspired facade. The design was inspired by the town halls of Haarlem and medieval Amsterdam. Church Missions House is so named because it was the headquarters of the Episcopal Church's Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society for much of the 20th century.

The facade is made of granite at the ground story and Indiana Limestone on the other stories. The facade's composition is based on the arrangement of the superstructure, which is arranged as a grid of rectangles. The main entrance is through a porch at the center of the Park Avenue facade. Inside, the building contains at least of space., all six floors of the building are occupied by Fotografiska New York, an offshoot of the Swedish photography museum Fotografiska.

The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society sought to develop a dedicated headquarters for much of the 19th century. The Church Missions House building was built between 1892 and 1894. The building was sold in 1963 to the Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies (FPWA). The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated Church Missions House as a landmark in 1979, and it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The FPWA moved out of the building in 2015, and Fotografiska New York opened there in 2019.

Site

Church Missions House is at 281 Park Avenue South in the Gramercy Park neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. The rectangular land lot is on the southeast corner of 22nd Street and Park Avenue South, covering approximately .[2] The lot has a frontage of on 22nd Street to the north and on Park Avenue to the west. Church Missions House is adjacent to Calvary Church to the south and is directly across from the United Charities Building to the north and 300 Park Avenue South to the northwest. Other nearby buildings include Gramercy Park Hotel to the southeast, the Russell Sage Foundation Building to the east, 121 East 22nd to the northeast, and Madison Square Park Tower and 304 Park Avenue South to the northwest. Right outside the building is an entrance to the New York City Subway's 23rd Street station, served by the .[3]

Many of the surrounding buildings are commercial loft structures similar in design to Church Missions House. During the late 19th and 20th centuries, Church Missions House was part of "Charity Row", a three-block area around Park Avenue and 22nd Street with the headquarters of charitable institutions.[4] The New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, the Xavier Society for the Blind, United Cerebral Palsy of New York City, and the Russell Sage Foundation were among the groups headquartered in Charity Row.[5] When Church Missions House was built, the United Charities Building, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), and the Bank for Savings were all being developed on nearby sites.[6] [7]

Architecture

The six-story building was designed by Robert W. Gibson and Edward J. Neville Stent for the Episcopal Church's Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society.[8] The extent to which either man was involved in the project is unclear, but Gibson was known as an architect of Episcopal churches in New York state during the 1890s, while Stent specialized in interior designs of churches around the same time.[9] The design was inspired by the town halls of Haarlem and Medieval Amsterdam.

Facade

The facade is made of granite at the ground story and Indiana Limestone on the other stories. The original plans had called for granite on the first two stories and terracotta on the other stories.[10] The facade's composition is based on the arrangement of the superstructure, which is arranged as a grid of rectangles. At each corner of the building is a tourelle that extends the height of the building. The rest of the facade is subdivided by vertical columns, which separate the facade into bays of openings, and horizontal spandrels, which separate windows on each story. The Park Avenue facade is divided into eight bays while the 22nd Street facade is divided into seven bays. The bays on the lowest two stories are paired; the 22nd Street facade is asymmetrical due to the arrangement of bays there. According to the AIA Guide to New York City, the Medieval-inspired facade was "equal to buildings of the Flemish and Dutch Renaissance."

The main entrance is through a porch at the center of the Park Avenue facade. It consists of an archway, above which is a triangular pediment with a tympanum inside a bas-relief. The bas-relief is based on a scene from Christus Consolator, in which the ill are blessed by Christ. On the tympanum itself, the left side shows Augustine of Canterbury preaching to British people in the sixth century, while the right side shows Samuel Seabury, the first American bishop of the Episcopal Church. Edward J. N. Stent carved the tympanum.[11] The spandrels at the top corners of the arch are decorated with icons inspired by 16th-century motifs. Originally, a screen with large wrought-iron gates was at the Park Avenue entrance. The remainder of the ground floor contains storefront windows, which are flanked by piers of rock-faced granite.

The second story consists of an arcade with double-width arches that mostly correspond to the storefront windows below. At the top corners of the windows are spandrels with foliate carvings. The third and fourth stories are composed of rectangular window openings. The fifth floor has round-arched openings that represent part of a triforium in a medieval church. The sixth floor has a tiled mansard roof with dormer windows. The central dormer on Park Avenue has a gable with a stone cross; it is flanked by a pair of smaller dormers. The center gable has a statue of St. Paul. A copper cresting and skylights run above the roof.

Interior

Sources disagree on the amount of space Church Missions House contains. According to the New York City Department of City Planning, the building has a gross floor area of . The Wall Street Journal cites the building as having of usable space, while other sources describe the building as having .[12] [13] Church Missions House has several features that were used in the early skyscrapers of New York City during the late 19th century.[14] The building has a self-supporting steel superstructure filled with brick, and it had an elevator and architectural terracotta fireproofing from the outset. It predated the American Surety Building, the first skyscraper in New York City with a superstructure made entirely of steel,[15] [16] by two years., all six floors of the building are occupied by Fotografiska New York, a Swedish photography museum.[17] The ground floor has a cafe and a gift shop.[18]

The storefronts facing the streets were initially rented to publishers of religious media. Originally, the second story had a hallway made of polished Florentine mosaic as well as offices with parquet floors. The second floor also had rooms for the board, library, Women's Auxiliary, and chapel. The chapel, connected to the board room and library, had a chancel, altar, reredos, organ loft, robing room, and stained-glass window.[19] [20] The space has a 20feet ceiling Since 2019, the second story has been occupied by Veronika, a 150-seat restaurant operated by Stephen Starr.[21] The restaurant incorporates some of the historic stained-glass windows that were previously mounted on the facade.[22] The space also contains a mural by Dean Barger, brass chandeliers, wood doorways and floors, and mohair chairs.

As designed, the upper stories were intended for offices and studios. The halls were wainscoted in marble and tiled with mosaic, while passageways were made of stone and iron. Fotografiska New York operates galleries on the third through fifth stories. The sixth story has an event space with a skylight and a vaulted ceiling. When the building was renovated for Fotografiska New York, some low-height ceilings were removed and the original steel beams were revealed. Walls were built behind the facade's stained-glass windows so the natural light did not interfere with the exhibits.[23]

History

The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society had been founded in Philadelphia in 1821. The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society moved to New York City in 1835. The Foreign Committee took space at 115 Franklin Street in lower Manhattan, while the Domestic Committee was housed nearby at White and Center Streets. The Episcopal Church sought to combine the offices of the two committees as early as 1836. The Society had rented office space at 281 Broadway near Chambers Street by 1840, and the committees both had several headquarters during the next decade and a half. By 1853, it had opened offices at the Bible House, where it remained for four decades. In 1864, the Society appointed the Committee on Church Missions House to research sites for a new headquarters. The effort stalled again through the 1880s.

Construction

William S. Langford was elected to Society leadership in 1885. Langford visited the headquarters of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge in London three years later. Upon his return to the United States, he wrote to the Society's Board of Managers that a church missions headquarters was needed. In October 1888, a bishop, two presbyters, and six laymen were appointed to a committee to select the site and raise money through subscriptions. Prominent businessmen William Bayard Cutting, William G. Low, and Cornelius Vanderbilt were all on the committee.[24] By May 1889, the committee had identified a site near Fourth (now Park) Avenue and 22nd Street.[25] The site was selected because it was on a major avenue; it was near 23rd Street, where a crosstown streetcar line operated; it was next to Calvary Church, a major Episcopal church; and Madison Square and Gramercy parks were both nearby.

Four alternative plans for a seven-story Missions House were presented to the Society's Board of Missions in September 1889. Church architect Robert W. Gibson was asked to review the plans. The following month, the Board of Missions approved the project.[26] The winning plan was likely Stent's entry, published in the journal Spirit of Missions in December 1889. Stent's design was narrower than what was ultimately built, but the general design was almost the same. The Society sought to raise $200,000 for the building's construction through subscription. Over half of the total amount, $110,000, was raised by March 1890. The subscription was completed with two $50,000 donations from the Edson family that May.[27]

The Board decided to approve the project in October 1891. Early the following year, the Society bought an adjacent lot from the ASPCA, directly at the corner of Fourth Avenue and 22nd Street.[28] Afterward, Stent's plans were revised, allowing for the construction of a larger structure on the site. The cornerstone of the building was laid on October 3, 1892, a year after the project was approved.[29] The firm of Robinson & Wallace did not start constructing the building until that December. By mid-1893, the cost of construction had risen to $500,000. The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society unceremoniously moved to its new headquarters on January 1, 1894. The Society did not wish to dedicate Church Missions House until all debts were settled. The building was officially dedicated three weeks later, on January 25.[30] [31]

Episcopal use

The building originally had an Episcopal Church bookstore on the ground floor. Office space was rented to the American Church Missionary Society, the American Church Building Fund, the Society for Promoting Christianity among the Jews, the Church Temperance Society, the Church Periodical Club, and the Brotherhood of Saint Andrew. Church Missions House started hosting the annual House of Bishops upon its completion.[32] Church Missions House also hosted meetings of the city's Episcopal clergy,[33] as well as elections of bishops.[34] In 1898, a memorial altar was dedicated in Church Missions House's chapel in memory of W. S. Langford, who had long been a secretary for the Board of Missions.[35] Four years later, Dean Hoffman willed $50,000 to the Board of Missions for real-estate investment. The money reportedly could have paid for an additional three or four stories, but these were not built.[36]

The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society celebrated its centennial at Church Missions House in 1921.[37] The Episcopal Church's National Council was headquartered in the building by 1925.[38] That year, it was tasked with studying the feasibility of relocating the Episcopal offices from Church Missions House to Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States.[39] It was around this time that the Episcopal Church nationally faced a deficit.[40] In 1926, the council authorized the church's finance department to sell Church Missions House. The building was valued at $400,000, though it was not sold at the time.[41] The church continued to experience financial difficulties through the 1930s.[42] The National Council first invited women to its meetings at Church Missions House in 1935[43] after a ban on female council members was rescinded.[44] Episcopalians across the United States nicknamed Church Missions House "281", for its address number, whenever they talked about the Episcopal headquarters in the building.[45] Relocation of the offices to D.C. was again proposed in October 1940.[46] James E. Freeman, bishop of D.C., said at the time that he had been advocating for such a change since 1925.[47] The Episcopal Church remained at Church Missions House. In 1947, it purchased the Herbert L. Satterlee estate in Greenwich, Connecticut, for a lodging center and presiding bishop's residence, though the Episcopal offices continued to be in Church Missions House.[48] The presiding bishops of the Episcopal Church (including Arthur C. Lichtenberger from 1958) had their offices at Church Missions House and lived at the bishop's residence in Greenwich.[49] Ultimately, in 1960, the Episcopal Church bought property on Second Avenue and 43rd Street. The church planned a new office building on that site to combine its offices at Church Missions House, the Greenwich estate, and a third structure at 317 East 23rd Street. By then, the church had long outgrown Church Missions House, and it had rejected several alternative office sites, including the then-new Interchurch Center in Morningside Heights, Manhattan.[50] [51]

FPWA use

In February 1963, the Episcopal Church moved to its new offices at 815 Second Avenue. The same year, the Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies (FPWA) bought the building for $350,000 and spent another $560,000 to renovate it.[52] George C. Textor, the president of the Marine Midland Trust Company, held a fundraising drive to cover the cost of purchase and renovation. As part of the project, the exterior was cleaned, the original interior details were restored, and the building was upgraded with modern elevators and mechanical systems.[53] Church Missions House reopened in December 1963 as the FPWA's first permanent headquarters; the organization had previously occupied rented space. At that time, the Municipal Art Society and New York Community Trust had already designated the building as a landmark.[54]

The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated Church Missions House as a city landmark on September 11, 1979.[55] [56] The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 3, 1982.[57] Church Missions House lies immediately outside the Gramercy Park Historic District, though a neighborhood group has proposed adding the building to the district.[58] While the district was extended in 1988, the building was not part of the extension.[59]

Church Missions House was restored in the early 1990s by the firm of Kapell & Kastow.[60] The FPWA received a $300,000 grant to restore the roof in June 1991. The roof, the stained-glass windows, and the wooden doors and wainscoting were renovated as part of the project. In addition, the mosaic-tile floors and plaster decorations were restored.[61] The architects created rental space for other non-profit organizations on two floors and the Laura Parsons Pratt Conference Center on the ground floor.[62] J.P. Morgan & Co. provided a letter of credit to the FPWA for the restoration. The New York Landmarks Conservancy granted its Lucy G. Moses Preservation Award in 1994 to Kapell & Kostow for their renovation of Church Missions House.

2010s to present

By 2014, Church Missions House was for sale; at the time, it was the only remaining building in Charity Row that was still used by a nonprofit.[63] The building was sold that July for approximately $50 million.[64] [65] The Real Deal magazine initially reported that the Garzoni family of Italy was the buyer, but it subsequently reported that Aby Rosen of RFR Realty was the true buyer.[66] Rosen was acquiring several other structures across Manhattan at the time, saying that his firm was seeking "properties that are unique, with beautiful architecture".[67] With the sale, the FPWA decided to move to the Financial District of Lower Manhattan.[68] The joint venture of RFR Holding and HQ Capital Real Estate LP finalized their purchase in January 2015.[69] [70] The building was to be converted to condominiums, with shops on the ground floor and an office lobby on 22nd Street. The LPC approved the plans in March 2015.[71] [72]

The building's varying ceiling heights and relatively small floor plates also made the building unwieldy for office use.[73] By August 2015, RFR was looking to lease the building to a single tenant instead of converting it to office use.[74] The same year, Jan Broman, cofounder of Swedish photography museum Fotografiska, decided to lease the building after his wife had pointed it out during a taxicab ride. Broman was looking to expand the museum to New York City, and he contacted the building's leasing agent the day after his taxicab ride. Another contender for the building during this time was Anna Sorokin, who was looking to lease Church Missions House for the Anna Delvey Foundation, a private members' club and art foundation that she hoped to create. Sorokin was subsequently indicted for fraud in 2018, having pretended to be a wealthy heiress.[75] [76] Several statues of naked men were displayed in the building's storefronts in 2016.[77]

In 2017, Fotografiska leased the entire building from RFR.[78] [79] The transaction included an adjacent chapel, which would be connected to a restaurant in the building.[80] CetraRuddy was hired to redesign the interior for the museum, while Roman and Williams was hired to design a second-story restaurant space with a bar.[80] In addition, Higgins Quasebarth & Partners restored the building's historic design features and technology company Linq designed equipment for the museum.[81] [82] Fotografiska New York opened in December 2019.[83] [84] The same month, RFR bought out its partner's stake in the building for $56 million.[85] The building's popularity increased in the early 2020s after Netflix released Inventing Anna, a drama miniseries about Sorokin. RFR placed Church Missions House for sale in July 2022, seeking $135 million for the building;[86] [87] however, a change in the building's ownership would not affect Fotografiska's lease.[88]

In May 2024, Fotografiska announced it would relocate that September and that the restaurant and Chapel Bar would close in June 2024.[89] That month, RFR placed the building for sale once again.[90] [91]

See also

References

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS) . . November 7, 2014 . July 20, 2023.
  2. Web site: 281 Park Avenue South, 10010. live. March 20, 2020. New York City Department of City Planning. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719195938/https://zola.planning.nyc.gov/l/lot/1/877/89 . July 19, 2021 .
  3. Web site: 2018. MTA Neighborhood Maps: 23 Street (6). September 13, 2018. mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 18, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200218051330/https://new.mta.info/document/786. live.
  4. News: Feiden. Douglas. March 27, 2014. Charities Cash In on Manhattan Real-Estate Market. en-US. The Wall Street Journal. subscription. July 19, 2021. 0099-9660. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153700/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304418404579463660313533006. live.
  5. Web site: September 10, 2015. 'Charity Row' a shadow of its former self. July 19, 2021. Real Estate Weekly. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230657/https://rew-online.com/charity-row-a-shadow-of-its-former-self/. live.
  6. News: July 10, 1893. Church Mission House; An Imposing New Home for Protestant Episcopal Missions and Charities.. en-US. 9. The New York Times. subscription. July 20, 2021. 0362-4331. August 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210819125722/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1893/07/10/109263321.pdf. live.
  7. October 20, 1900. Fourth Avenue. What Will the Near Future Do for It?. The Real Estate Record: Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide. 66. 486. columbia.edu. 1701. May 14, 2022. July 23, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210723033916/https://rerecord.library.columbia.edu/document.php?vol=ldpd_7031148_026&page=ldpd_7031148_026_00000592&no=2. live.
  8. 207.
  9. Web site: January 1, 2008. Church Missions House. July 21, 2021. Flatiron District. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721182627/https://www.flatirondistrict.nyc/discover-flatiron/flatiron-history/25/church-missions-house. live.
  10. News: October 4, 1892. Stirring Cry of Warning: Bishop Johnston of Texas Denounces Cahenslyism.. en-US. 1. The New York Times. subscription. July 20, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153700/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1892/10/04/106086802.pdf. live.
  11. News: January 18, 1894. A Fine Piece of Sculpture Unveiled: the Exterior of the Protestant Episcopal Church Missions House Finished. 11. New-York Tribune. .
  12. Web site: Saraniero. Nicole. July 22, 2019. Get a Sneak Preview of Fotografiska New York Inside the Landmarked Church Missions House. July 19, 2021. Untapped New York. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230659/https://untappedcities.com/2019/07/22/get-a-sneak-preview-of-fotografiska-new-york/. live.
  13. Web site: Alexa. Alexandra. December 10, 2019. Swedish photography museum Fotografiska to open in the historic Church Missions House. July 19, 2021. 6sqft. May 8, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210508141115/https://www.6sqft.com/swedish-photography-museum-fotografiska-to-open-in-the-historic-church-missions-house/. live.
  14. News: June 6, 1991. Agency Wins $300,000 Grant. 34. Newsday. newspapers.com . July 21, 2021. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721182628/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81899804/agency-wins-300000-grant/. live.
  15. News: Gray. Christopher. Christopher Gray (architectural historian). July 9, 1995. Streetscapes/'Historical Building Construction'; The Nuts and Bolts Behind New York's Facades. en-US. The New York Times. subscription. August 2, 2020. 0362-4331. July 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210720214056/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/09/realestate/streetscapes-historical-building-construction-nuts-bolts-behind-new-york-s.html. live.
  16. Book: Jordy, William. American buildings and their architects. Oxford University Press. 1986. 978-0-19-504218-4. New York. 2. 13821022.
  17. Web site: December 18, 2019. Fotografiska breathes life into historic New York landmark. July 19, 2021. Wallpaper*. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230659/https://www.wallpaper.com/art/fotografiska-photography-museum-new-york. live.
  18. Web site: Wang. Jenna. June 25, 2018. Inside The Building That Toppled Anna Delvey. July 19, 2021. Forbes. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230704/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennawang/2018/06/25/inside-the-building-that-toppled-anna-delvey/. live.
  19. News: January 3, 1894. Its New Missions House Opened; Removal from the Bible House of the Episcopal Missionary Society.. en-US. 9. The New York Times. subscription. July 20, 2021. 0362-4331. August 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210819085810/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1894/01/03/106092215.pdf. live.
  20. News: January 3, 1894. New Home for a Missionary Society: the Organization Connected With the Protestant Episcopal Church Leaves the Quarters It Has Been in for Forty Years. 12. New-York Tribune. .
  21. News: Alexa. Alexandra. January 28, 2020. In Gramercy's new Fotografiska museum, Verōnika restaurant takes a creative approach to preservation. 6sqft. December 25, 2020. January 9, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210109153900/https://www.6sqft.com/in-gramercys-new-fotografiska-museum-veronika-restaurant-takes-a-creative-approach-to-preservation/. live.
  22. Web site: Wolff. Natasha. January 16, 2020. Inside the Design of NYC's Most Stylish New Restaurant. July 19, 2021. Architectural Digest. June 16, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210616072801/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/roman-and-williams-veronika-fotografiska. live.
  23. Web site: CetraRuddy Restores Church Missions House for Fotografiska Museum in New York . Metropolis . January 30, 2020 . July 21, 2021 . July 21, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210721192116/https://www.metropolismag.com/architecture/cultural-architecture/new-york-fotografiska/ . live .
  24. News: October 4, 1889. A Prayer Book Problem. 1. Times Union. newspapers.com . July 20, 2021. July 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210720003623/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81797235/a-prayer-book-problem/. live.
  25. News: November 23, 1889. A New Missions House. en-US. 8. The New York Times. subscription. July 20, 2021. 0362-4331. August 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210819142942/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1889/11/23/109325401.pdf. live.
  26. News: October 5, 1889. Mission Work Discussed: the Two Episcopal Houses Sit as One Body. 1. New-York Tribune. newspapers.com . July 20, 2021. July 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210720003622/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81797466/mission-work-discussed-the-two/. live.
  27. News: October 22, 1890. Episcopal Missionary Work.; a Good Outlook for the Proposed Mission House in This City.. en-US. 2. The New York Times. subscription. July 20, 2021. 0362-4331. August 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210819041909/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1890/10/22/103273299.pdf. live.
  28. April 16, 1892. Sales of the Week. The Real Estate Record: Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide. 49. 610. columbia.edu. 1257. May 14, 2022. July 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210720211416/https://rerecord.library.columbia.edu/document.php?vol=ldpd_7031148_009&page=ldpd_7031148_009_00000668&no=2. live.
  29. News: October 4, 1892. Laying a Foundation Stone: the New Protestant Episcopal Church Missions House. 4. New-York Tribune. .
  30. News: January 26, 1894. A New House for Missions: Fine' Structure in East Twenty-second-st.. 9. New-York Tribune. .
  31. News: January 26, 1894. Presented to Bishop Doane. 5. The New York Times. newspapers.com . July 20, 2021. 0362-4331. July 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210720211414/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81843682/presented-to-bishop-doane/. live.
  32. News: October 18, 1894. House of Bishops in Session.: the Missionary Bishopric of Olympia, Washington, to Be Filled.. en-US. 9. The New York Times. subscription. July 20, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153700/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1894/10/18/106837602.pdf. live.
  33. News: November 12, 1901. Episcopal Mission Work; City Clergymen Approve a Scheme to Hold Meetings to Arouse General Interest.. en-US. 9. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. August 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210819041920/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/11/12/102432150.pdf. live.
  34. News: February 12, 1909. Two Bishops Elected: Church Fills Posts in Western Colorado and Wyoming. 6. New-York Tribune. newspapers.com . July 21, 2021. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721005729/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81861645/two-bishops-elected-church-fills-posts/. live.
  35. News: October 29, 1898. Religious News and Views; All Saints' Day Will Be Observed by Many Churches in the City Next Week.. en-US. 5. The New York Times. subscription. July 20, 2021. 0362-4331. August 29, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210829234049/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1898/10/29/102126696.pdf. live.
  36. News: September 30, 1902. To Enlarge Missions House. 7. New-York Tribune. newspapers.com . July 21, 2021. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721005728/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81862166/to-enlarge-missions-house/. live.
  37. News: May 22, 1921. Mission Body to Celebrate: Protestant Episcopal Organization to Observe 100th Anniversary Found. B7. Indianapolis Star. .
  38. News: December 12, 1925. Religious Program in City and Vicinity; Bishop Murray Due Here on Jan. 1 to Become Presiding Prelate of the Episcopal Church.. en-US. 18. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153702/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1925/12/12/101678390.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  39. News: October 11, 1926. May Sell Episcopal Missions House; Church National Council Authorizes Disposal of the Property.. en-US. 4. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153703/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1926/10/11/98516415.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  40. News: February 25, 1926. Episcopalians Here Meet Debt Pledge; Donate $250,000, Promised by Manning, Toward National Church Deficit.. en-US. 12. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153703/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1926/02/25/100052914.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  41. News: October 11, 1926. Missions House For Sale. 2. Times Union. newspapers.com . July 21, 2021. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721005731/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81863169/missions-house-for-sale/. live.
  42. News: February 11, 1933. Missions Approve Slash in Budget: Protestant Episcopal Board to Cut Expenses by $600,000 in Current Year. en-US. 13. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153707/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1933/02/11/105114293.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  43. News: February 13, 1935. Women at Council Of Episcopal Church For the First Time: Elizabeth Matthews, Eva D. Corey and Mrs. Jams R. Cain Attend Session. 17. New York Herald Tribune. .
  44. News: April 29, 1934. Episcopal Council Would Admit Women; Measure to End Ban as Old as Church Sent to Committee – Budget Is Adopted.. en-US. N7. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153703/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1934/04/29/94518708.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  45. News: February 26, 1963. Church Moves N.Y. Headquarters. en-US. 6. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153703/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/02/26/89524064.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  46. News: October 9, 1940. D.C. Weighed As Episcopal Primate See: Church Conference Consider Moving To Presiding Bishop's Seat From New York. 7. The Washington Post. 0190-8286. .
  47. News: Allan. Robert Tate. October 20, 1940. Episcopal Church Moves to Establish Its Central See in Nation's Capital: Bishop Freeman Leads Drive to Move Headquarters to D.C. Many Governing Bodies of Sects Now Are Resident Here. B4. The Washington Post. 0190-8286. .
  48. News: February 3, 1947. Greenwich Estate Chosen for Episcopal Center. en-US. 21. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153704/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1947/02/03/93787919.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  49. News: January 10, 1959. Bishop Lichtenberger Due to be Installed Wednesday. 3. The Daily Item. newspapers.com . July 21, 2021. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721173507/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81897676/bishop-lichtenberger-due-to-be/. live.
  50. News: Price. Joann. September 12, 1960. Episcopal Council Buys Site At 43d and 2d Ave. for H. Q.. 8. New York Herald Tribune. .
  51. News: September 12, 1960. Episcopal Church Plans New Home; to Build $3,500,000 National Headquarters in Midtown – Riverside Bid Rejected. en-US. 40. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153704/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/09/12/99801113.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  52. News: December 16, 1963. Old Missions House Now Welfare Home. en-US. 50. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153704/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/12/16/89990164.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  53. News: August 4, 1963. Work Is Under Way on Missions House. en-US. 32. The New York Times. subscription. July 21, 2021. 0362-4331. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153705/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/08/04/357164352.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false. live.
  54. News: December 16, 1963. New Mission House Role. 97. Daily News. newspapers.com . July 21, 2021. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721182626/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81899146/new-mission-house-role/. live.
  55. News: Fowler. Glenn. September 12, 1979. 12 Buildings Are Named Landmarks. en-US. The New York Times. subscription. live. March 23, 2021. 0362-4331. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721182626/https://www.nytimes.com/1979/09/12/archives/12-buildings-are-named-landmarks-preservation-of-mansion-urged.html.
  56. News: Vanzi. Cass. September 12, 1979. 12 buildings given landmark status. 760. New York Daily News. newspapers.com . July 21, 2021. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721180100/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81900136/12-buildings-given-landmark-status/. live.
  57. Web site: March 1, 1983. Federal Register: 48 Fed. Reg. 8425 (Mar. 1, 1983). March 8, 2020. Library of Congress. 8653 (PDF p. 237). May 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210505234927/https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/fedreg/fr048/fr048041/fr048041.pdf. live.
  58. Web site: Proposed Gramercy Park Historic District Extension. live. July 21, 2021. Gramercy Neighborhood Association. https://web.archive.org/web/19991116190449/http://www.preserve2.org:80/gramercy/proposes/ext/ension.htm . November 16, 1999 .
  59. Web site: July 12, 1988. Gramercy Park Historic District Extension. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721182627/http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/1559.pdf . July 21, 2021 . January 1, 2021. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. 15.
  60. 87.
  61. Barhydt. Matthew. May 1995. Field Reports. Oculus. 56. 5. 9. May 14, 2022. August 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210819095414/https://usmodernist.org/AIANY/AIANY-1995-05.pdf. live.
  62. News: December 15, 1991. Postings: Mission House Restoration; Going Back To the Future. The New York Times. subscription. May 28, 2017. 0362-4331. May 25, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150525230425/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/15/realestate/postings-mission-house-restoration-going-back-to-the-future.html. live.
  63. News: Feiden. Douglas. April 14, 2014. For Sale: New York City's Church Missions House. en-US. The Wall Street Journal. subscription. July 19, 2021. 0099-9660. May 14, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514153704/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304117904579499583961942374. live.
  64. Web site: Budin. Jeremiah. July 31, 2014. Church Missions House In Contract for $50M; Condos Ahead. July 19, 2021. Curbed NY. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719213426/https://ny.curbed.com/2014/7/31/10066234/church-missions-house-in-contract-for-50m-condos-ahead. live.
  65. News: Samtani. Hitan. July 30, 2014. Italian family buys NYC Church Missions House for $50M-plus. The Real Deal New York. limited. May 28, 2017. August 27, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170827185947/https://therealdeal.com/2014/07/30/italian-family-buys-nyc-church-missions-house-for-50m-plus/. live.
  66. Web site: Samtani. Hiten. August 1, 2014. Aby Rosen is the buyer of NYC Church Missions House: source. limited. live. July 19, 2021. The Real Deal New York. en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20170929212538/https://therealdeal.com/2014/08/01/aby-rosen-is-the-buyer-of-nyc-church-missions-house/ . September 29, 2017 .
  67. News: Satow. Julie. September 17, 2014. Despite Record Prices, RFR Goes on a Manhattan Buying Spree. en-US. The New York Times. subscription. July 19, 2021. 0362-4331. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230704/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/17/realestate/commercial/despite-record-prices-rfr-goes-on-a-manhattan-buying-spree.html. live.
  68. Web site: Geiger. Daniel. July 31, 2014. Protestant nonprofit eyed downtown office condo. live. July 19, 2021. Crain's New York Business. https://web.archive.org/web/20170329220759/http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20140731/REAL_ESTATE/140739963/protestant-nonprofit-eyed-downtown-office-condo . March 29, 2017 .
  69. Web site: January 7, 2015. SELLING POINTS: RFR to convert Church Mission House; Kushner back buying in Jersey. July 19, 2021. Real Estate Weekly. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230705/https://rew-online.com/selling-points-rfr-to-convert-church-mission-house-kushner-back-buying-in-jersey/. live.
  70. Web site: Katz. Rayna. January 5, 2015. RFR Buys 281 Park Ave. South. July 19, 2021. GlobeSt. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230659/https://www.globest.com/sites/globest/2015/01/05/rfr-buys-281-park-ave-south/. live.
  71. News: subscription. Renderings Revealed for Former Church Missions House. Schlanger. Danielle. March 17, 2015. Commercial Observer. May 28, 2017. en-US. December 1, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040811/https://commercialobserver.com/2015/03/renderings-revealed-for-former-church-missions-house/. live.
  72. Web site: March 18, 2015. Aby Rosen's RFR gets Landmarks nod for NYC Church Missions House. limited. live. July 19, 2021. The Real Deal New York. en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20160119113820/http://therealdeal.com:80/2015/03/18/aby-rosens-rfr-gets-landmarks-nod-for-nyc-church-missions-house/ . January 19, 2016 .
  73. News: Bockmann. Rich. Maurer. Mark. July 27, 2017. Swedish photo center "pics" 281 PAS. limited. The Real Deal. May 14, 2022. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719175139/https://therealdeal.com/2017/07/27/swedish-photo-center-pics-entire-rfr-building/. live.
  74. Web site: Cuozzo. Steve. September 1, 2015. RFR Realty looking to rent Park Ave. 'jewel' to single tenant. July 19, 2021. New York Post. en-US. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230704/https://nypost.com/2015/08/31/rfr-realty-looking-to-rent-park-ave-jewel-to-single-tenant/. live.
  75. Web site: Pressler. Jessica. May 28, 2018. How an Aspiring 'It' Girl Tricked New York's Party People – and Its Banks. July 19, 2021. The Cut. January 24, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200124141842/https://www.thecut.com/2018/05/how-anna-delvey-tricked-new-york.html. live.
  76. Web site: Baker. Vicky. April 26, 2019. Anna Sorokin: The trial of New York's fake heiress. July 19, 2021. BBC News. June 30, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210630004806/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-47741923. live.
  77. Web site: Siegel. Jefferson. July 19, 2016. Nine statues of naked men appear in empty storefront in Gramercy Park. July 21, 2021. New York Daily News. July 21, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210721182626/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/manhattan/statues-naked-men-gramercy-park-storefront-article-1.2716384. live.
  78. Web site: Mashayekhi. Rey. July 27, 2017. Fotografiska Takes Entirety of Aby Rosen's 281 Park Avenue South. subscription. July 19, 2021. Commercial Observer. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230656/https://commercialobserver.com/2017/07/fotografiska-aby-rosen-rfr-281-park-avenue-south/. live.
  79. Web site: September 19, 2017. Fotografiska 100% leases RFR 45,000 s/f 281 Park Avenue. July 19, 2021. New York Real Estate Journal. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230657/https://nyrej.com/fotografiska-100-leases-rfr-45-000-s-f-281-park-avenue. live.
  80. Web site: Gleason . Will . New members-only NYC bar is located in a historic 19th-century church . Time Out New York . September 24, 2021 . September 6, 2022.
  81. Web site: Oriaku. Ali. November 13, 2018. Fotografiska claims Church Missions House as its New York City outpost. July 19, 2021. The Architect’s Newspaper. September 27, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200927112256/https://www.archpaper.com/2018/11/fotografiska-claims-church-missions-house-new-york-city/. live.
  82. Web site: Warerkar. Tanay. October 1, 2018. CetraRuddy, Roman and Williams will design Swedish photo museum's NYC outpost. July 19, 2021. Curbed NY. January 29, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210129045946/https://ny.curbed.com/2018/11/1/18052258/fotografiska-new-york-cetraruddy-roman-williams. live.
  83. Web site: Morrison. Alexander. December 13, 2019. Swedish photography hub Fotografiska opens long-awaited New York exhibition space. July 19, 2021. The Art Newspaper. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230701/https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/first-fotografiska-takes-manhattan. live.
  84. News: Berman . Liddy . Fotografiska Makes Its New York Debut in a Historic Landmark Building . June 20, 2021 . Architectural Digest . December 11, 2019 . June 24, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202649/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/new-yorks-newest-museum-fotografiska-makes-its-debut-in-a-historic-landmark-building . live .
  85. Web site: December 23, 2019. RFR Holding buys out partner HQ Capital through $56M filing covering 281 Park Avenue South. July 19, 2021. PincusCo. en-US. subscription. July 19, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210719230659/https://www.pincusco.com/rfr-holding-buys-out-partner-hq-capital-through-56m-filing-covering-281-park-avenue-south/. live.
  86. Web site: Velsey . Kim . The Building That Brought Down Anna Delvey Is Back on the Market . Curbed . 2022-07-05 . 2022-07-06.
  87. Web site: 2022-07-05. Aby Rosen Puts Church Missions House on Market Asking $135M. 2022-07-06. The Real Deal New York. en-US.
  88. Web site: Jacob . Mary K. . NYC building that led to the takedown of Anna Delvey lists for $135M . New York Post . July 6, 2022 . September 6, 2022.
  89. Web site: 2024-05-23 . Fotografiska New York is Seeking a New Home . 2024-05-24 . Artnet News . en-US.
  90. Web site: Ginsburg . Aaron . NYC's Fotografiska museum to close and relocate, historic Park Ave South building to hit market . 6sqft . May 28, 2024 . May 31, 2024.
  91. Web site: Cifuentes . Kevin . Aby Rosen Again Trying to Sell 281 Park Ave South . The Real Deal . May 28, 2024 . May 31, 2024.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Church Missions House".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.