Church Historian and Recorder explained

Church Historian and Recorder (usually shortened to Church Historian) is a priesthood calling in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The role of the Church Historian and Recorder is to keep an accurate and comprehensive record of the church and its activities. His office gathers history sources and preserves records, ordinances, minutes, revelations, procedures, and other documents. The Church Historian and Recorder also chairs the Historic Sites Committee and Records Management Committee, and may act as an authoritative voice of the church in historical matters.[1]

History

This office is based on revelations to Joseph Smith calling for keeping records and preparing a church history.[2] Oliver Cowdery, the first in this position, originally recorded meeting minutes, patriarchal blessings, membership information, priesthood ordinations, and a kind of narrative church history.[1] For a time, the callings of Church Historian and Church Recorder were separate, but in 1842 these callings were merged and now the Church Historian also acts as the Church Recorder.

In 1972, the Church Historian's Office was renamed to become the Historical Department.[3] In 2000, this department was merged with the Family History Department to become the Family and Church History Department.[4] On March 12, 2008, the Church Historian separated again from the Family History Department to become the Church History Department.[5]

While the majority of Church Historians and Recorders have been general authorities of the church, there have been some exceptions to the practice.

Chronology

In the following tables, general authorities are listed in bold. The date ranges span from the sustaining date to the release date unless otherwise indicated.

Church Historian and Church Recorder

Date rangeChurch HistorianChurch RecorderNotes
1830-31Oliver CowderyAlthough Cowdery did not receive an official call to be Church Historian, he was Joseph Smith's scribe and was appointed to keep minutes and records in an early conference.[6] /paperSummary/minute-book-2&p=3. Therefore, he is widely regarded as the first unofficial Church Historian and Recorder.
1831-35John WhitmerWhitmer was called to be the Church Historian by a revelation to Smith,[7] which is now Doctrine and Covenants section 47. He was the first official historian of the Latter Day Saint church.
1835-37John WhitmerOliver CowderyBeginning in 1835, a new calling of "Recorder for the Church" was created, with Oliver Cowdery being the first appointee.[8]
1837-38John WhitmerGeorge W. RobinsonRobinson was sustained "as General Clerk & recorder of the whole Church" to replace Cowdery.[9]
1838John CorrillGeorge W. RobinsonCorrill and Higbee were both called to this position at the same time.[10] Corrill apostatized from the church later that year and was excommunicated in March 1839.[11]
1838–40Elias HigbeeGeorge W. RobinsonIt is assumed that Robinson was released on 3 October 1840 since his replacement, Robert B. Thompson, was sustained that day.[12]
1840–41Elias HigbeeRobert B. Thompson
1841–42Elias HigbeeJames SloanWhen Sloan was sustained his position was given as "General Church Clerk."[13]
1842–43Willard RichardsJames SloanRichards was appointed as Joseph Smith's private secretary and Church Historian in late 1842.[14]

Church Historian and Recorder

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No.Date rangeChurch Historian and RecorderAssistant(s)Notes
130 July 1843[15] – 11 March 1854[16] Willard Richardsoffice not yet createdIn 1843, the callings of Church Historian and Church Recorder were merged when Richards, already serving as Church Historian, was appointed Church Recorder. Although, he wasn't sustained by the general church membership until 1845.[17] Thomas Bullock was Richards' assistant (as was Charles Wesley Wandell[18]), but the Assistant Church Historian priesthood calling wasn't given until Wilford Woodruff.
27 April 1854[19] – 8 October 1870George A. SmithWilford Woodruff (1856–1881)Woodruff was the first Assistant Church Historian.
38 October 1870[20] – 9 May 1874Albert Carrington
49 May 1874[21] – 3 October 1881[22] Orson Pratt
1881–83Wilford Woodruff (Acting)After Pratt's death in 1881, no official Church Historian was chosen, but Pratt's assistant Woodruff acted as Church Historian until he was formally selected as such.
57 October 1883[23] – 7 April 1889Wilford WoodruffFranklin D. Richards (1884–1889)
67 April 1889[24] – 9 December 1899[25] Franklin D. RichardsJohn Jaques (1889–1900)
Charles W. Penrose (1896–1904)
Andrew Jenson (1897–1941)
File:John Jaques (Mormon).jpgPenrose became a general authority when released as an Assistant.
1899–1900Andrew Jenson and John Jaques (Acting)After the death of Richards on December 9, 1899, no Church Historian was chosen until July 26, 1900.
77 October 1900[26] – 2 March 1921[27] Anthon H. LundCharles W. Penrose (until 1904)
Andrew Jenson
Orson F. Whitney (1902–1906)
A. Milton Musser (1902–1909)
B. H. Roberts (1902–1933)
Joseph Fielding Smith (1906–1921)
A. William Lund (1911–1971)[28]
File:Brigham Henry Roberts2.jpgFile:A. William Lund.jpgFile:Orson F. Whitney2.JPGFile:A. Milton Musser.jpgFile:Joseph Fielding Smith.jpgWhitney became a general authority when released as an Assistant.
Smith became a general authority in 1910, during Lund's tenure.
86 April 1921[29] – 23 January 1970[30] Joseph Fielding SmithAndrew Jenson (until 1941)
B. H. Roberts (until 1933)
A. William Lund
Junius F. Wells (1921–1930)
Preston Nibley (1957–1963)
E. Earl Olson (1965–1972)[31]
Smith's tenure as Church Historian and Recorder is by far the longest in church history. He was released when he was called as President of the Church.
96 April 1970[32] – 1972Howard W. HunterA. William Lund (until 1971)
E. Earl Olson

Church Historical Department

In 1972, the Church Historian's Office was renamed to become the Historical Department.[3] In 2000, this department was merged with the Family History Department to become the Family and Church History Department.[4] On March 12, 2008, the Church Historian separated again from the Family History Department to become the Church History Department.[5]

No.Date rangeChurch Historian and RecorderAssistantNotes
106 April 1972[33] – February 1982Leonard J. ArringtonDavis Bitton[34]
James B. Allen (1972–1979)[35]
Arrington was the first non-general authority Church Historian since 1842 and the first to simply be Church Historian, instead of Church Historian and Recorder, since Willard Richards.[36] He was also the first in the position to be a professional historian. Arrington is reported to have lost the title of Church Historian in 1978,[37] though he was formally released in 1982.
11February 1982 – 10 January 1985[38] G. Homer DurhamDurham became Church Historian without formal public pronouncement by the church nor sustaining by the general church membership. Although, it was mentioned as an aside in General Conference.[39] Some claim his tenure as Historian began when Arrington lost the title in 1978, or when Durham became Managing Director of the church Historical Department.[40]
126 April 1985[41] – 4 October 1997[42] Dean L. LarsenLarsen was also the first Executive Director of the Historical Department, in which he was replaced by John K. Carmack in 1989. Larsen then moved on to other assignments, such as serving in the Temple Department[43] and Area Presidencies[44] [45] and was not active in any historical role, though technically he was still the Church Historian until his release in 1997.

Executive Director of the Historical Department

Larsen was also the first Executive Director of the Historical Department, in which he was replaced by John K. Carmack in 1989. Larsen then moved on to other assignments, such as serving in the Temple Department[43] and Area Presidencies[44] [45] and was not active in any historical role, though he was still technically the Church Historian until his release from the Seventy in 1997.[42]

While holding the office of Church Historian, and afterward, others succeeded Larsen as Executive Directors of the Historical Department.[40] During this time, these men stood in for the Church Historian and were sometimes referred to with that title.[46] [47]

No.DatesExecutive Directors of the Historical DepartmentNotes
12b1989–91John K. CarmackCarmack was given the position of the department's Executive Director, but he was not called as the Church Historian.
12c1991–93Loren C. Dunn
12d1993–96Stephen D. Nadauld
12e1996–98Marlin K. JensenDuring this time (1997), Larsen was finally officially released as Church Historian, and the office was left unfilled.
12f1998–99John K. Carmack
12g1999–2000Loren C. Dunn
12h2000–04D. Todd ChristoffersonOrganizational changes during this time changed Christofferson's title to the Executive Director of the Family and Church History Department.
12i2004–05Marlin K. JensenJensen retained his position as Executive Director when he was called to be Church Historian in 2005.[48] Since the office of Church Historian had been revived, after this time the Executive Director was no longer standing in as a substitute.
No.DatesChurch Historian and RecorderAssistantNotes
132 April 2005[49] – 6 October 2012[50] Marlin K. Jensen Richard E. Turley, Jr. (2008–2016)In 2005, Jensen became the first Church Historian since 1997. He had been made Executive Director of the Historical Department the previous year, a position he also held in 1997 when Dean L. Larsen was released. Jensen later said he "really [didn't] know why the office went unfilled for a few years."[51] Some of his accomplishments in this position are chronicled at Marlin K. Jensen: Church Historian.
146 October 2012 – 1 August 2019Steven E. Snow[52] [53] [54] Richard E. Turley, Jr. (2008–2016)
Reid L. Neilson (2015-2019)[55]
On January 10, 2012, the church announced that Snow, who was serving in the Presidency of the Seventy, would succeed Jensen as Church Historian and Recorder later in the year. On August 1, 2012, Snow assumed the new role and was released from the Presidency of the Seventy, while Jensen was then designated as an emeritus general authority in October 2012. On April 10, 2019, the church announced that Snow would be released, effective August 1, 2019, and would be designated as an emeritus general authority in October 2019.
151 August 2019-1 August 2022LeGrand R. Curtis Jr.[56] On April 10, 2019, the church announced that Curtis, who had been serving as an Assistant Executive Director of the Church History Department, would replace Steven E. Snow as Church Historian and Recorder, effective August 1, 2019. Snow will be released from full-time service and designated an emeritus general authority in October 2019. A Deseret News article published on August 3, 2022 confirmed the release of Curtis and the appointment of Kyle S. McKay to replace him.
161 August 2022- Kyle S. McKayA Deseret News article published on August 3, 2022 reported the release of Curtis and the appointment of McKay.

References

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. There Shall Be a Record Kept among You. Ensign. 28–33. December 2007.
  2. [Doctrine and Covenants]
  3. Book: Leonard J. Arrington. Leonard J. Arrington. Adventures of a Church Historian. 74. 1998. University of Illinois Press. 0-252-02381-1. 2008-06-06 .
  4. News: Family History, History departments joined. Church News. June 10, 2000 . 2009-07-17.
  5. Web site: Jared T. Breaking News: Changes in Family and Church History Department Organization. Juvenile Instructor. March 12, 2008. 2008-06-06 .
  6. Minute Book 2, The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed 30 Dec. 2015, http://josephsmithpapers.org/paperSummary/?target=X1F070313-CB05-49BB-A39C-2C6F4776617F#
  7. Revelation, circa 8 March 1831–B [D&C 47], The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed 30 Dec. 2015, http://josephsmithpapers.org/paperSummary/?target=x6506.
  8. Minute Book 1, The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed 30 Dec. 2015, http://josephsmithpapers.org/paperSummary/?target=X5DC3AFA7-7FC3-4682-A442-EAA9E3053E51#!/paperSummary/minute-book-1&p=111.
  9. Minute Book 1, The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed 30 Dec. 2015, http://josephsmithpapers.org/paperSummary/?target=XDA13C966-4445-489E-A9D2-4D119ED6F002.
  10. Minute Book 2, The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed 30 Dec. 2015, http://josephsmithpapers.org/paperSummary/?target=X2AD5F438-886E-4A15-92B7-46B86303B3B0.
  11. History, 1838-1856, volume C-1, The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed 30 Dec. 2015, http://josephsmithpapers.org/paperSummary/?target=X70B3ABDE-E179-47FC-B7F1-CA8D0E460F3E#!/paperSummary/history-1838-1856-volume-c-1-2-november-1838-31-july-1842&p=80.
  12. “Minutes of the general conference of the church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints…”, Times and Seasons, Oct. 1840, page 185, http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/NCMP1820-1846/id/9361.
  13. “Minutes of a Conference,” Times and Seasons, 15 Oct. 1841, 2:577. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/NCMP1820-1846/id/9086.
  14. Willard Richards journals and papers: Journals, Journal (volume 9), 1842 July-1844 February. Church History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah. https://catalog.churchofjesuschrist.org/record/692b9f3e-0ea2-464b-9027-e6a4d8f7af06/comp/f7cd9020-db11-4469-8375-1eeb9ed26a37?view=browse&subView=arrangement (image 26).
  15. Willard Richards journals and papers: Journals, Journal (volume 9), 1842 July-1844 February. Church History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah. https://catalog.churchofjesuschrist.org/record/692b9f3e-0ea2-464b-9027-e6a4d8f7af06/comp/f7cd9020-db11-4469-8375-1eeb9ed26a37?view=browse&subView=arrangement (image 42).
  16. He died in office. Orson Spencer, “Death of Our Beloved Brother Willard Richards,” Deseret News, 16 Mar. 1854, page [2]. http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/deseretnews1/id/178000.
  17. “Historic Men Served as Church Historians,” Church News, 14 Feb 1970, page 15.
  18. Van Wagoner . Richard S. . Richard S. Van Wagoner . The Making of a Mormon Myth: The 1844 Transfiguration of Brigham Young . . 34 . 1,2 . 160 . Spring–Summer 2001 . 2008-05-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110614014856/http://content.lib.utah.edu/u/?%2Fdialogue%2C27487 . 2011-06-14 . dead .
  19. “Minutes,” Deseret News, 13 Apr 1854, page [2], http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/deseretnews1/id/174950.
  20. “Fortieth Semi-Annual Conference of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints,” Deseret News, 12 Oct 1870, page 419, http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/deseretnews2/id/43733.
  21. “Forty-Fourth Annual Conference,” Deseret News, 13 May 1874, page 232, http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/deseretnews3/id/193805.
  22. He died in office. “Death of Apostle Orson Pratt,” Deseret News, 5 Oct 1881, http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/deseretnews3/id/196551; “Death of Orson Pratt,” The Salt Lake Tribune, 4 Oct 1881, http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/slt5/id/18369.
  23. “Fifty-Third Semi-Annual Conference,” Deseret News, 10 Oct 1883, page 604, http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/deseretnews3/id/2214409
  24. “General Conference,” Deseret [News] Weekly, 13 Apr 1889, page 487, http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/deseretnews4/id/9935
  25. He died in office; “Franklin D. Richards Dead,” Deseret Evening News, 9 Dec 1899, page 1, http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/ref/collection/den1/id/4612.
  26. Conference Report, October 1900, page 42, https://archive.org/stream/conferencereport1900sa/conferencereport711chur#page/42/mode/2up/.
  27. He died in office. J. M. Sjodahl, “President Anthon H. Lund,” Improvement Era, April 1921, page 499, https://archive.org/stream/improvementera2406unse#page/498/mode/2up.
  28. Zobell . Albert L. . In Memoriam: A. William Lund (1886–1971) . . March 1971 . 2008-05-28 .
  29. Conference Report, April 1921, page 189, https://archive.org/stream/conferencereport1921a#page/n189/mode/2up/.
  30. “New First Presidency Called,” Church News, 24 Jan 1970, page 3.
  31. Church Historian's Office Appointments . . March 1972 . 2008-05-08 .
  32. Conference Report, April 1970, page 110, https://archive.org/stream/conferencereport1970a#page/n113/mode/2up.
  33. Conference Report, April 1972, page 9, https://archive.org/stream/conferencereport1972a#page/n11/mode/2up.
  34. http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,660212140,00.html "Noted LDS historian R. Davis Bitton dies"
  35. Book: Allen . James B. . Esplin . Ronald K. . Whittaker . David J. . Men with a Mission, 1837-1841: The Quorum of the Twelve in the British Isles . About the Author . . 1992 . . 0-87579-546-3 .
  36. He was only sustained as Church Historian, Conference Report, April 1972, page 9, https://archive.org/stream/conferencereport1972a#page/n11/mode/2up.
  37. Fletcher, Peggy . Church Historian: Evolution of a Calling . . April 1985 . 10 . 4 . 46–8 . 2021-05-02 .
  38. News: News of the Church: Elder G. Homer Durham Dies . . Mar 1985 .
  39. Conference Report, April 1982, page 96, https://archive.org/stream/conferencereport1982a#page/n99/mode/2up.
  40. Book: Turley, Richard E. Jr. . Richard E. Turley, Jr. . Historian, Church . Encyclopedia of Latter-day Saint History . Garr . Arnold K. . Arnold K. Garr . Cannon . Donald Q. . Donald Q. Cannon . Cowan . Richard O. . Richard O. Cowan . 2000 . . Salt Lake City, Utah . 494–5.
  41. News: Hinckley . Gordon B. . Gordon B. Hinckley . The Sustaining of Church Officers . . May 1985 .
  42. News: Faust . James E. . James E. Faust . The Sustaining of Church Officers . . November 1997 .
  43. News: Elder Larsen to speak at 18-stake fireside . January 30, 1991 . . 2009-07-20 .
  44. New General Authority Assignments Announced . . August 1993 . 74–80 . 2009-07-20 .
  45. New Area Presidencies . . August 1996 . 71–73 . 2009-07-20 .
  46. Anderson, Lavina Fielding . Lavina Fielding Anderson . The LDS Intellectual Community and Church Leadership - A Contemporary Chronology . . Spring 1993 . 26 . 1 . 11 . 2008-12-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110613221914/http://content.lib.utah.edu/u/?%2Fdialogue%2C22668 . 2011-06-13 . dead .
  47. News: History of the fraternity for returned missionaries is presented to Church . March 30, 1991 . . . Salt Lake City, Utah . 2008-12-15.
  48. News: Joseph Walker . Emeritus general authorities welcome the chance to practice what they've preached . Deseret News . October 2, 2012 . 2014-05-22.
  49. Conference Report, April 2005, page 25, https://archive.org/stream/conferencereport2005a#page/n27/mode/2up.
  50. News: Lloyd . R. Scott . Historian by yearning' collects, preserves: Elder Marlin K. Jensen is historian/recorder . . May 28, 2005 . 2009-07-17 .
  51. Jensen . Marlin K. . Marlin K. Jensen . David F. . Boone . David F. Boone . A Historian by Yearning: A Conversation with Elder Marlin K. Jensen . . 2007 . 8 . 3 . 6 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022020532/http://rsc.byu.edu/archived/volume-8-number-3-2007/historian-yearning-conversation-elder-marlin-k-jensen . 2014-10-22 . live .
  52. “The Sustaining of Church Officers,” Ensign, November 2012, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/2012/11/the-sustaining-of-church-officers
  53. https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/church/leader/steven-e-snow?lang=eng churchofjesuschrist.org Steven E. Snow Biography
  54. https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/article/first-presidency-announces-new-church-historian-commissioner-church-education First Presidency Announces New Church Historian, Commissioner of Church Education
  55. https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/church/news/2019-mission-presidents-called-to-ecuador-singapore-korea-and-more?lang=eng Mission Presidents Called to Ecuador, Singapore, Korea, and More
  56. https://www.deseret.com/faith/2022/8/3/23268470/8-highlights-from-the-church-historian-and-recorder-as-his-service-draws-to-a-close 8 highlights from the church historian and recorder as his service draws to a close