Chukotko-Kamchatkan–Amuric languages explained

Chukotko-Kamchatko-Amuric
Acceptance:hypothetical
Region:Northeast Asia
Familycolor:paleosiberian
Family:Proposed language family
Child1:Nivkh
Child2:Chukotko-Kamchatkan
Map:Chukotko-Kamchatkan and nivkh.png
Mapsize:250px
Glotto:none

The Chukotko-Kamchatko-Amuric or Chukotko-Kamchatkan-Amuric languages form a hypothetical language family including Nivkh and Chukotko-Kamchatkan. A relationship between these two language groups was proposed by Michael Fortescue in a 2011 paper. He theorized that their common ancestor might have been spoken around 4000 years ago.[1] However Glottolog says that the evidence is insufficient to conclude a genealogical relationship between Nivkh and Chukotko-Kamchatkan.[2]

Evidence

Phonological

Proposed sound correspondences

!Nivkh!CK
p, t, c, k, qp’, t’, c’, k’, q’
p’, t’, c’, k’, q’v, r/z, γ, R
m, n, n, ŋm, n, n’, ŋ
w, jw, j
əæ
Some cognates which include a sound change of Nivkh /ə/ and CK /æ/ are: t’əkə ‘edge of sleeping platform’ and CK tæγən 'near the edge of'' and Nivkh ərŋ 'mouth of a river' and CK ær 'flow out'.

Lexical

Proposed Nivkh-Chukotko-Kamchatkan cognates[3]

!Nivkh!CK
aui 'mouth'æw 'get a hole'
kama 'run'kame 'move around'
juty 'pour'jit 'drip'
poju 'smoke' (verb)pujæ 'cook on hot stones in pit'
t'am 'stay calm'təmɣə 'stay still, calm'
uige 'no'ujŋæ 'no'

Morphological

Chukotko-Kamchatkan and Nivkh have dual/plural distinction, however it has been lost in Chukchi.

Chukotko-Kamchatkan also has a "singulative" ending, and traces of a singulative ending in Nivkh might be seen.

See also

References

  1. Fortescue . Michael . 2011 . The relationship of Nivkh to Chukotko-Kamchatkan revisited . Lingua . 121 . 8 . 1359–1376 . 10.1016/j.lingua.2011.03.001.
  2. Web site: Glottolog 4.3 - Amur Nivkh. glottolog.org.
  3. Book: Fortescue, Michael. 1998. Language Relations across Bering Strait . London . Cassell & Co.