Christine and the Queens explained

Christine and the Queens
Birth Name:Héloïse Adélaïde Letissier
Birth Date:1 June 1988
Birth Place:Nantes, France
Years Active:2010–present
Awards:Full list
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Héloïse Adélaïde Letissier (in French pronounced as /elɔiz adelaid lətisje/; born 1 June 1988), known professionally as Christine and the Queens[1] and Rahim C Redcar[2] (sometimes shortened as Chris[3] and Redcar,[4] respectively), is a French singer and songwriter. Born and raised in Nantes, he started learning piano at the age of four and found inspiration in one of London's clubs while studying. Letissier released a series of extended plays (EPs) throughout 2011–2013.

Letissier's debut studio album, Chaleur humaine (2014), received critical acclaim, reached number two on both French and UK charts, and was certified diamond in France; it was also a best selling debut record in the United Kingdom. In 2018, he released his second studio album, Chris, to further critical acclaim. It was ranked album of the year by Clash, The Guardian, and The Independent, and placed in top-ten of nine other year-end lists. "Girlfriend" was recognized by Time as song of the year. In reaction to his mother's death, Letissier released an EP in 2020 La vita nuova, with some critics calling it his strongest work up to that point. Time again named his song, "People, I've Been Sad", the song of the year. Ensuing years saw the releases of Redcar les adorables étoiles (prologue) (2022) and Paranoia, Angels, True Love (2023), which were both met with critical acclaim but did not achieve the commercial success of his previous releases.[2]

In 2016, Letissier was ranked number one in Vanity Fair list of most powerful and influential French people who "promote French genius", ahead of the country's president.[5] The next year, Forbes placed him on its list of 30 most influential and talented people under 30, and Time included him on its list of Next Generation Leaders twice – in 2016 and 2018.[6] [7] His accolades include four Victories of Music awarded by the French Ministry of Culture. Christine and the Queens has been signed to the independent record label Because Music since 2012.[8]

Early life

Héloïse Adélaïde Letissier was born on 1 June 1988 in Nantes.[9] His father, Georges Letissier, taught English literature at the University of Nantes and specialises in Victorian era literature.[10] His mother, Martine Letissier, taught both French and Latin at a local middle school.[11] Martine died suddenly from a heart infection in April 2019, in the week between Letissier's two scheduled Coachella performances on 13 and 20 April; the latter was cancelled because Letissier travelled back to France to be with her.[12]

Letissier began learning to play the piano at the age of four, learned classical dance at five, and then modern jazz.[13] His parents recommended to him writers such as Sarah Waters and Judith Butler, whose works served both as inspiration and reference in Letissier's youth. He attended Lycée Clemenceau learning theatre and then Lycée Fénelon secondary school in Paris learning literature.[14] He later studied at the Department of Arts of École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS Lyon) and also studied drama at the Lyon Regional Conservatory.[15]

Career

2010–2013: Career beginnings

Letissier gave his first recital as Christine and the Queens at a small Lyon club in 2010. In 2010, Letissier had to leave the theater conservatory, as he was depressed after a romantic break-up.[16] He made a trip to London and was inspired by the work of local drag queen musicians, including Russella, at the Soho nightclub Madame Jojo's.[17] The queens then became 'the Queens' in his stage name as a tribute.[18] As soon as he returned to France, he left the ENSL grande école in the middle of the second year to devote himself fully to the musical project now called "Christine and the Queens".[19] He dedicated many of his creations to them, and to all transgender individuals, describing his genre as "freakpop". He released his debut extended play, Miséricorde, in 2011, with Marc Lumbroso (Jean-Jacques Goldman's producer). His second EP, titled Mac Abbey, followed in 2012, with minor hits "Narcissus Is Back" and "Cripple". The same year, he was the opening act for Lykke Li, the Dø, and Woodkid. Letissier won the Best Discovered Act award, known as "Découverte", at the Printemps de Bourges music festival and also won the "Première Francos" award at the Les Francofolies de La Rochelle festival. Then he signed with the independent label Because Music.[20] [21]

In 2013, Letissier was the opening act for Lilly Wood and the Prick and Gaëtan Roussel. On 3 June, he released the single, and also an EP of the same name, titled "Nuit 17 à 52", which garnered him his first charting on the official French SNEP albums chart. The song was the first single of his forthcoming studio album.

2014–2017: Christine and the Queens

See main article: Chaleur humaine. Christine and the Queens' debut studio album, Chaleur humaine, was first released in France on 2 June 2014. He was almost the sole writer and producer; the track "Paradis perdus" is a cover of a 1973 French song by Christophe. Besides "Nuit 17 à 52", three singles were released: "Saint Claude", "Christine", and "Paradis Perdus". "Christine" is the French version of "Cripple" earlier released in 2012. After the album reached number 2 on the French chart and was certified diamond there,[22] Letissier toured France.

For the American market, the single "Tilted", English version of "Cripple"/"Christine", was released on 3 March 2015 under the Neon Gold Records label. Letissier then toured in the US for promotion with Marina and the Diamonds. Exclusively for this market, Saint Claude EP was released on 14 April, including five songs from Chaleur humaine in English versions. On 16 October, the full album, entitled Christine and the Queens, was released via Because Music.[23] Many tracks were reworked with English lyrics and revamped beats by producer Ash Workman.[24] Two tracks were replaced with three new songs, and two of these new songs were collaborations – "Jonathan" with Perfume Genius, and "No Harm Is Done" with rapper Tunji Ige. These two new collaborations were released as additional singles, the latter on 11 September, and the former on 16 October.[25] On 11 November, Christine was warmly received in his first performance in large venue, the Webster Hall, New York; the next day, he appeared on The Daily Show.[26] [27] In 2015 top-ten lists by Time, "Tilted" was included as one of best songs of the year.[28] Pitchfork listed the song in its 2010 best-of, "defining tracks of the decade" list at number 106.[29] At the end of the year, he was back home, and, on 10 December, Madonna invited Christine to dance with her on stage during her concert at the Bercy Arena, Paris.[30]

In the United Kingdom, "Tilted" was released on 15 January 2016 and peaked at number 20 on the UK Singles Chart. An English version of the album was released there on 26 February, under the original French title. The record received universal critical acclaim. In April, Christine performed for the first time, and twice, at the Coachella Festival.[31] In May, he was added to the BBC Radio 1 main rotation playlist, and on 17 June, he appeared on The Graham Norton Show.[32] The Guardian called his performance at the Glastonbury Festival on 24 June, the day after the Brexit vote, one of the festival's "unequivocal highlights" and later described it as "career-launching".[33] Chaleur humaine reached number 2 on the UK Albums Chart in July and was the best selling debut studio album of 2016 there.[34] It was featured on some year-end lists and ranked 3rd by NME and 8th by The Guardian, among other accolades. In the decade-end 'top albums of the 2010s' listings, the record was ranked No. 40 by The Independent and No. 81 by NME.[35] [36] In September, he put together a cover version of Beyoncé's "Sorry" in the BBC Live Lounge; for arrangement and rendition he was included in the "6 Best New Songs of the Week" list by Vulture.[37] The same month, when he was performing at the Camden Roundhouse, Elton John sang "Tilted" with him on stage; John had earlier bought Letissier's French album and praised him greatly. In November, Letissier performed in London, Manchester, and Glasgow, selling 16,000 seats in a few hours each time. In October, he was chosen as one of BBC's 100 Women.[38] He appeared twice on the Jools' Annual Hootenanny TV show, on 31 December, and on 1 January 2017. Having toured intensively during 2014–16, he stopped at the end of 2016, saying later, "I didn't want to burn out on the first [studio album]".

2018–2019: Chris

See main article: Chris (album). For his second studio album, Letissier had early sessions with both Mark Ronson and Damon Albarn, but eventually decided to work alone, with Cole M.G.N. as co-producer on some tracks. "Confident in [his] decision to go it alone, [he] cut [his] hair short and started again as Chris. 'I wanted to risk it all,' [he] said, smiling." In April 2018, he announced a tour across North America and Europe, planned for the autumn.[39] In July, Christine also announced details of an upcoming studio album titled Chris.[40] [41] It was preceded by the release of two singles, each in an English and French version: "Girlfriend"/"Damn, dis-moi" on 17 May, and "Doesn't Matter"/"Doesn't Matter (Voleur de soleil)" on 5 July. He also released the English-language "5 Dollars" single on 16 August, which was followed by the French-language single "La marcheuse" on 23 August. Chris was released on 21 September 2018 and received universal critical acclaim. AllMusic editors summarised: "the singer/songwriter's triumphant second album borrows from '80s R&B and questions gender roles, engaging minds, hearts, and bodies along the way."[42] Robert Steiner of The Boston Globe called the album "a refreshing, empowering record" and complimented its "stellar production and contagiously danceable jams", as well as Letissier's "engrossing lyricism". Although he felt that the album "loses steam" in its second half, Steiner named "The Walker" as a highlight for its "poignant" portrayal of a victim of domestic violence.[43] Chris peaked at number 2 on the French and at No. 3 on the UK chart. The record featured at the top of many year-end best-of lists, ranked number one by Clash, The Guardian, and The Independent, and placed in the top-five of five other lists, for a total of 12 positions in top-ten. "Girlfriend" was named song of the year by Time.[44] In the 'top pop albums of the 2010s' listings, Chris was ranked No. 15 by Consequence, ahead of Rihanna's Anti and Ariana Grande's Thank U, Next, and No. 24 by Paste, ahead of Lady Gaga's Born This Way and Adele's 25.

In May 2019, Letissier performed during the season finale for the eleventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race held at the Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles.[45] The same month, he headlined the All Points East festival in London, marking his first UK headline festival appearance.[46] His performance was well received; The Independent gave the concert five stars, calling it "a tiny tour de force".[47] On 17 July, Charli XCX released the single "Gone" alongside the music video, a joint effort with Letissier, which they debuted earlier together at the end of May during the Primavera Sound festival.[48] The track was shortlisted by BBC Radio 1 DJ Annie Mac for the Hottest Record of the Year, voted for by the public, and finished in third position.[49] Pitchfork listed the song at number four on its list of 2019's 100 best songs and at number 145 for the 200 best songs of the 2010s.[50] In September, the duo performed the song again at the Electric Picnic festival, on The Jonathan Ross Show to promote the release of Charli XCX's studio album Charli, and on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon.[51]

2020–2021: La vita nuova

See main article: La vita nuova (EP). On 5 February 2020, Letissier released "People, I've Been Sad", the first single from his forthcoming extended play. La vita nuova ('The New Life'), containing five tracks and one bonus track, was released on 27 February. Again, he was the sole writer, with Ash Workman as co-producer.[52] Letissier simultaneously released a conceptual short film directed by his longtime collaborator Colin Solal Cardo. It takes place at the famed historical Paris landmark Palais Garnier, features Christine and a group of dancers dancing to the songs from the EP, and concludes with a guest appearance from featured artist Caroline Polachek. The EP was met with widespread critical acclaim upon its release. NMEs El Hunt gave a rave review, summarizing; "conceptually, 'La Vita Nuova' is an astonishing feat – but even better than that, it also oozes an intensity of feeling that punches right in the gut."[53] Variety called the EP "arguably [his] best work to date".[54] "People, I've Been Sad" was recognized by Time as song of the year and also placed in the top-three of year-end critics' lists by NPR, Pitchfork, and The Guardian.[55] The short film was included in Pitchfork's list of "The 20 Best Music Videos of 2020"; Ryan Dombal wrote: "this is art-pop cinema that's both steeped in history and gloriously unafraid to blaze its own way."[56] Two more singles were released from La vita nuova: "I Disappear In Your Arms" on 8 June and the title track featuring Caroline Polachek on 14 August; an EP with remixes of the latter was released on 28 August.[57] During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, Letissier shared a series of theatrical performances on Instagram.[58] Also, in April, he contributed to Lady Gaga's One World: Together at Home event, and in May, he performed "People, I've Been Sad" via livestream from his Parisian home for The Late Show with Stephen Colbert.[59] In June, Letissier performed "I Disappear In Your Arms", recorded in an empty music venue, on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, and then "La vita nuova", filmed inside the empty Grand Palais, on Global Citizen's virtual benefit concert.[60] On 2 July 2020, he debuted "Eyes of a Child", a track created for the second season of the Amazon Prime Video series Hanna; the single had been released earlier to streaming platforms on 25 February.[59] On 25 November, French new wave band Indochine released "3Sex" as a collaboration with Letissier, "a synth-pop dance reworking" of the band's song "" from their studio album 3 (1985).[61]

On 26 September 2021, Letissier released the two-track EP Joseph, containing a cover version of the Wham! song "Freedom", and the French classic song "Comme l'oiseau".[62] On 4 November 2021, Charli XCX released "New Shapes" featuring Letissier and Caroline Polachek as the second single from her studio album Crash (2022).[63]

2022–present: Redcar les adorables étoiles (prologue), Paranoia, Angels, True Love, and Hopecore

See main article: Redcar les adorables étoiles (prologue) and Paranoia, Angels, True Love. Letissier first mentioned work on a third studio album in April 2020, saying that he was "looking for something very vast and hopeful" for the project.[64] In May 2022, he collaborated with American rapper 070 Shake on "Body", a single from the latter's second studio album You Can't Kill Me.[65] On 24 June 2022, Letissier released the lead single from his third studio album, "Je te vois enfin". The track is sung entirely in French and sees Letissier embody a "suave and sophisticated" alter ego named Redcar.[66] His third studio album, Redcar les adorables étoiles (prologue), was released on 11 November 2022.[67]

On 8 March 2023, Letissier released the song "To Be Honest" as the lead single from his fourth studio album Paranoia, Angels, True Love.[68] [69] Returning to the name Christine and the Queens for the album, he described it as "the second part of an operatic gesture that also encompassed 2022's Redcar les adorables étoiles".[68] Primarily in English, Paranoïa, Angels, True Love was co-produced by Mike Dean.[68] Released on 9 June 2023, it features collaborations with Madonna and 070 Shake.[70]

On 30 June 2023, Letissier was a guest celebrity judge in Episode 1 of Drag Race France Season 2 titled A Lé-Gen-Daire Return broadcast on France.tv Slash.[71]

In 2024, Amazon licensed the song "Full of Life" from Paranoia, Angels, True Love for a 60-second ad called "Concrete Jungle". It was released in 30-second and full minute versions.[72] On 20 February, MGMT released the single "Dancing in Babylon" featuring Christine and the Queens ahead of their fifth studio album Loss of Life. It is the first MGMT song to feature a guest vocalist.[73] On 26 April, Letissier released the French-language song "Rentrer chez moi".[74] It was followed by the English-language "That's Us/Wild Combination", an Arthur Russell cover, on 8 June; the song was released under the two stage names Christine and the Queens and Rahim C Redcar, the latter of which was also added to the credits of Redcar les adorables étoiles (prologue) that month.[2]

In July 2024, Lettisier, expressing frustration with both his record label and not being invited to perform during the 2024 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, leaked his fifth studio album Hopecore by sharing a WeTransfer link on his official social media accounts.[75]

Artistry

Lyrical and musical style

Letissier prefers lyrics that are not immediately understandable. He explained that he enjoys "authors with difficult lyrics", such as Alain Bashung.[76] His music has been labelled by music critics as pop,[77] synth-pop, electropop, indie pop, experimental pop, and art pop,[78] while he described his own work as "freakpop".

Influences

Letissier emphasized the importance of his experience with Madame Jojo's drag club in London: "These drag artists have become my friends, they've inspired my creativity. They gave me the idea of creating a character, inventing another silhouette, another way of being in this world. Before it was a musical project, Christine was for me the answer to how to live properly. The Queens in Christine and the Queens is my tribute to them. Without the queens, I wouldn't be here".[79]

He also said, "[he] does not want to choose between French music and English pop music" and takes influence from both.[80] In a November 2013 interview with , he cited artists such as Christophe, David Bowie (especially his Ziggy Stardust character),[81] Kanye West, Kendrick Lamar, Philip Glass, T. Rex as well as the Soul Train soundtracks as his musical influences. He also named Michael Jackson as his favourite male singer and "either Patti Smith or Kate Bush" as his favourite female singer.[82] Other influences include Björk, Beyoncé, Daniel Balavoine, Fever Ray, Frank Ocean, Janet Jackson, Jimmy Jam, Terry Lewis,[83] Mylène Farmer,[84] Joe Jackson, Lou Reed, Serge Gainsbourg,[85] and Madonna.[86]

Personal life

Sexuality and gender

Letissier, who is assigned female at birth and initial rose to fame as a woman, is pansexual.[87] In an October 2019 interview with the magazine Attitude, he explained that he is genderqueer.[88] Having tweeted in June 2021 that he uses all pronouns,[89] he later told The New York Times in March 2022: "My journey with gender has always been tumultuous. It's raging right now, as I'm just exploring what is beyond this. A way to express it could be switching between they and she."[90] In August of the same year, he stated in a TikTok video in French that his gender journey was "a long process" and explained that he had gendered himself in the masculine for about a year, which he had shared with family and close friends.[91] [92] He subsequently updated his pronouns to he/him across social media platforms.[92] He has stated that he is "in resistance to the approach of trans identity that there has to be hormones and operations", which he considers a form of binarism.[12]

Name

Letissier has used numerous personal and stage names, and remarked that he "just ha[s] many names for all the layers".[12] He began his career as Christine and the Queens. For his second studio album, he shortened it to Chris, which was accompanied by a shift to a persona described as "a woman playing with masculine tropes".[12] In October 2021, he was using the name Rahim.[93] This sparked a debate around cultural appropriation due to the name's Arabic origin.[93] He eventually began using a succession of different names such as French: Sam le pompier (the French title of Fireman Sam) and a full stop[93] before settling on Redcar, sometimes shortened as Red.[12] He still occasionally uses his birth name, about which he said: "Héloïse Letissier is my parents' provenance and I love my parents. I sometimes use Héloïse to reconnect me to my childhood, but my inner child name is Manamané."[12] In June 2024, he combined previous names into Rahim Claude Redcar and posted on social media that "[his] name and [his] path demand respect", expressing frustration that some of his work was credited to Christine and the Queens. Following this statement, the name Rahim C Redcar was added to streaming platforms as an additional artist alongside Christine and the Queens for the 2022 album Redcar les adorables étoiles (prologue) and the 2024 single "That's Us/Wild Combination".[2]

Discography

See main article: Christine and the Queens discography.

Awards and nominations

See main article: List of awards and nominations received by Christine and the Queens.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Narduzzi. Guillaume. fr. Chris est redevenue Christine and the Queens avec son EP surprise, La Vita Nuova. Chris has become Christine and the Queens again with her surprise EP La Vita Nuova. Konbini. 28 February 2020. 10 October 2020.
  2. Web site: Théau. Berthelot. 8 June 2024. "Libérez-moi" : Christine and the Queens sort un single et pousse un coup de gueule. "Free me": Christine and the Queens releases a single and goes on a rant. Charts in France. 22 June 2024. fr-FR.
  3. Web site: Cragg. Michael. Christine and the Queens: 'I've just discovered sex, I can't stop yet!'. The Guardian. 22 September 2018. 12 September 2020.
  4. News: Christine and the Queens: Redcar les Adorables Étoiles review – clouds of sorrow from the artist's new persona. Petridis. Alexis. Alexis Petridis. 10 November 2022. The Guardian. 21 November 2022.
  5. Web site: Van Renterghem. Marion. 23 November 2016. Les confessions de Christine and the Queens. 18 April 2021. Vanity Fair. fr.
  6. Web site: Robehmed. Natalie. 15 January 2017. 30 Under 30 Europe: Kygo, Dev Patel, Michaela Coel And The Entertainment Class Of 2017. 17 April 2021. Forbes.
  7. Next Generation Leaders. 18 April 2021. Time.
  8. Web site: Christine and the Queens biographie . Music-story.com . fr . François . Alvarez . https://web.archive.org/web/20141028215043/http://www.music-story.com/christine-and-the-queens/biographie . 28 October 2014.
  9. News: Kourles. Gia. 7 October 2016. Christine, a Pop Star Who Sings With Her Muscles. The New York Times.
  10. Web site: Personnel de l'université – Letissier Georges. 8 December 2016. Université de Nantes – UFR Langue et Cultures Étrangères. fr.
  11. News: Snapes. Laura. 4 September 2016. Christine and the Queens: 'I just want to shatter everything'. The Guardian. 8 December 2016.
  12. News: Sawyer. Miranda. 6 November 2022. "I'm changing and I don't think society helps at all": Christine and the Queens' journey to becoming Redcar. The Guardian. 6 November 2022.
  13. News: Chabert. Chrystel. 2 October 2014. Christine and The Queens: "Je ne veux pas choisir entre chanson française et pop-music anglaise". 21 February 2021. Franceinfo. fr.
  14. Web site: 5 September 2014. Christine and the Queens, nouvelle reine de la scène. 21 February 2021. Le Figaro. fr.
  15. Web site: Arrêté du 5 février 2009 portant nomination d'élèves à l'Ecole normale supérieure de Fontenay - Saint-Cloud (session 2008). 21 February 2021. Légifrance. fr.
  16. Web site: Van Renterghem. Marion. 23 November 2016. Les confessions de Christine and the Queens. 17 April 2021. Vanity Fair France. fr.
  17. News: Medioni. Gilles. 13 February 2015. Videos: La voix royale de Christine and the Queens. fr. L'Express.
  18. News: Redon. Sarah. 23 March 2015. Christine and the Queens: "Je suis bisexuelle". 21 February 2021. Terrafemina.com. fr.
  19. News: Lecolant. Mathilde. 20 July 2013. Christine & the Queens: "amener un peu de fantaisie ou de bizarre" dans le genre populaire. fr. Le Monde.
  20. Web site: Biographie et actualités de Christine & The Queens France Inter. 21 February 2021. www.franceinter.fr. fr. 2 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190102050641/https://www.franceinter.fr/personnes/christine-queens. dead.
  21. Reynolds. Lisa. July 2017. Chaleur humaine by Christine and the Queens. EILE Magazine. en. 4. 12. 22–25. 13 April 2020. Issuu Issuu.com.
  22. Web site: Les certifications. 21 February 2021. SNEP. fr. 'Type "Christine and the Queens" in the search field and then press '.
  23. Web site: CHRISTINE AND THE QUEENS by Christine and the Queens. 21 February 2021. Metacritic.
  24. Williams. Nick. 16 October 2015. Christine & The Queens' Heloise Letissier Reimagines Her French Debut for Stateside Appeal: Album Review. 21 February 2021. . en.
  25. Web site: 9 March 2018. Prepare to Fall for Christine And The Queens: Here's Her Single "Tilted" - Noisey. https://web.archive.org/web/20180309100236/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/6wq5gm/christine-and-the-queens-tilted. 9 March 2018. 21 February 2021.
  26. Web site: 12 November 2015. À la conquête de l'Amérique, Christine and The Queens triomphe à New York. 24 April 2021. Le Figaro. AFP. fr.
  27. Web site: The Daily Show All Seasons. 18 December 2018. the tvdb.
  28. Feeney. Nolan. Johnston. Maura. Maura Johnston . 1 December 2015. Top 10 Everything of 2015 - Top 10 Best Songs. 21 February 2021. Time.
  29. Web site: The 200 Best Songs of the 2010s. 7 October 2019. Pitchfork. 7 October 2019 .
  30. Web site: 2 March 2016. Madonna donne une fessée à Christine and The Queens sur scène. 24 April 2021. Figaro Live. fr.
  31. Web site: Doiezie. Mathilde. 17 April 2016. Christine and the Queens fait ses premiers pas à Coachella. 24 April 2021. Le Figaro. fr.
  32. Web site: Delbrassinne. Laura. 30 June 2016. Christine And The Queens: une Française dans le Top 10 anglais. 24 April 2021. Le Figaro. fr.
  33. Web site: Petridis. Alexis. 27 June 2016. Glastonbury 2016 verdict: Muse, Adele, Coldplay and more. 19 April 2021. TheGuardian.com.
  34. Web site: Copsey. Rob. 10 January 2017. Christine and the Queens' Chaleur Humaine was 2016's biggest selling debut album in the UK. 19 April 2021. Official Charts Company. "The French singer-songwriter was a rare big UK breakthrough act in 2016".
  35. Web site: Pollard. Alexandra. O'Connor. Roisin. Monroe. Jazz. Brown. Helen. Smith. Patrick. 20 December 2019. The 50 best albums of the last decade. 20 April 2021. The Independent.
  36. Web site: 29 November 2019. Gunn. Charlotte. The Best Albums of The Decade: The 2010s. 20 April 2021. NME.
  37. Web site: 13 September 2016. 6 Best New Songs of the Week. 14 September 2016. Vulture.com.
  38. Web site: 7 October 2019. BBC 100 Women 2016: Who is on the list?. 24 November 2016. BBC.
  39. Daramola. Israel. 23 April 2018. Christine and the Queens Announce Fall Tour. 22 May 2018. Billboard.
  40. Web site: 5 July 2018. Christine And The Queens explains why she had to become 'Chris' on new album. 21 February 2021. NME - Music, Film, TV, Gaming & Pop Culture News. en-GB.
  41. Web site: Blais-Billie. Braudie. 5 July 2018. Christine and the Queens Announces New Album Chris, Shares Song and Video. 5 July 2018. Pitchfork.
  42. Web site: AllMusic 2018 Year in Review Best of 2018. 17 April 2021. AllMusic.
  43. Web site: Steiner. Robert. 19 September 2018. On Christine and the Queens' 'Chris,' revelations you can dance to. 21 February 2021. The Boston Globe. en.
  44. 17 November 2018. These Are the Best Songs of 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181117003403/http://time.com/5455058/best-songs-2018/. 17 November 2018. TIME.
  45. 31 May 2019. Christine and the Queens Performs On 'Drag Race', Debuts New Song With Charli XCX: Watch. 5 April 2020. Billboard.
  46. Web site: 4 December 2018. Christine and the Queens will headline first festival in London next year. Gay Star News. 4 June 2019. 9 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190709134310/https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/christine-and-the-queens-festival/#gs.g7u0mp. dead.
  47. News: Pollard. Alexandra. 27 May 2019. Christine and the Queens, All Points East review: A tiny tour de force. The Independent.
  48. Web site: 11 July 2019. Charli XCX is dropping her Christine and the Queens team up 'Gone' next week. 20 April 2021. Dork.
  49. Web site: 19 December 2019. 2019's Hottest Records Annie counts down your Hottest Records of 2019!. 19 April 2021. BBC Radio 1.
  50. Web site: 9 December 2019. The 100 Best Songs of 2019. 9 December 2019. Pitchfork.
  51. Web site: Minsker. Evan. Monroe. Jazz. 17 September 2019. Watch Charli XCX and Christine and the Queens Perform "Gone" on Fallon. 20 April 2021. Pitchfork.
  52. Web site: 27 February 2020. Christine and the Queens Drops Surprise La Vita Nuova EP Feat. Caroline Polachek. 17 March 2020. Stereogum.
  53. Web site: Hunt. El. 28 February 2020. Christine and The Queens' – 'La Vita Nuova' review: surprise EP is an astonishing and emotional sucker-punch. 18 April 2021. NME.
  54. Web site: Aswad. Jem. 27 February 2020. Christine and the Queens' 'La Vita Nuova': EP Review. 21 February 2021. Variety. en-US.
  55. Bruner. Raisa. R. Chow. Andrew. 30 November 2020. The 10 Best Songs of 2020. 20 April 2021. Time.
  56. Web site: 17 December 2020. The 20 Best Music Videos of 2020. 20 April 2021. Pitchfork.
  57. Web site: Triscari. Caleb. 11 August 2020. A.G. Cook to feature on Christine and the Queens' 'La Vita Nuova' remix collection. 20 April 2021. NME.
  58. Web site: Rossignol. Derrick. 29 June 2020. Christine And The Queens Gave A Grand Performance Of 'La Vita Nuova' For A Digital Benefit. 20 April 2021. Uproxx.
  59. Web site: Reilly. Nick. 3 July 2020. Christine & The Queens debut haunting new track 'Eyes of a child'. 23 April 2021. NME.
  60. Web site: Triscari. Caleb. 14 June 2020. Watch Christine and the Queens perform 'I Disappear in Your Arms' on 'Fallon'. 23 April 2021. NME.
  61. Web site: Lavin. Will. 26 November 2020. Listen to Christine & The Queens and Indochine team up for new song '3SEX'. 23 April 2021. NME.
  62. Web site: Christine & The Queens covers George Michael on surprise new 'Joseph' EP. Richards. Will. NME. 26 September 2021. 24 June 2022.
  63. Web site: Bloom. Madison. Monroe. Jazz. 4 November 2021. Charli XCX Announces Crash Album and Tour, Enlists Christine and the Queens and Caroline Polachek for New Song. 4 November 2021. Pitchfork. Condé Nast. en-US.
  64. Web site: Trendell. Andrew. 6 April 2020. Christine & The Queens is working on a "vast, hopeful and ambitious" new album. 23 April 2021. NME.
  65. Web site: 070 Shake teams up with Christine And The Queens on new song 'Body'. Aubrey. Elizabeth. NME. 23 May 2022. 24 June 2022.
  66. Web site: Christine & The Queens unveils Redcar persona with new single 'Je te vois enfin'. Ng. Scott. NME. June 24, 2022. June 24, 2022.
  67. Holdsworth . Bryony . Christine and the Queens - Redcar les adorables étoiles . . 9 November 2022 . 15 November 2022.
  68. Web site: Chris. Deville. Christine And The Queens – "To be honest". Stereogum. 8 March 2023. 9 March 2023. en-US.
  69. Marie. Solvignon. Christine and the Queens annonce son nouvel album avec le magnifique "To Be Honest". Christine and the Queens announces his new album with the magnificent "To Be Honest". Les Inrockuptibles. 8 March 2023. 9 March 2023. fr-FR.
  70. Damian. Jones. Christine And The Queens announce new album 'PARANOÏA, ANGELS, TRUE LOVE' and share single 'To Be Honest'. NME. 8 March 2023. 9 March 2023. en-GB.
  71. Web site: June 30, 2023 . Drag Race France S2 E1 : Un retour LÉ-GEN-DAIRE . 2023-07-02 . www.france.tv . French.
  72. Web site: - YouTube. www.youtube.com. 19 February 2024.
  73. Web site: Jazz . Monroe . 20 February 2024 . MGMT Enlist Christine and the Queens for New Song and Video "Dancing in Babylon" . 4 March 2024 . Pitchfork . en-US.
  74. Lola. S. Christine and the Queens revient avec un nouveau titre "rentrer chez moi". "Christine and the Queens returns with a new song, "rentrer chez moi". Beware!. 22 June 2024. fr-FR.
  75. Web site: Théau. Berthelot. 29 July 2024. "Ils ont peur" : le coup de sang de Christine and the Queens, pas invité aux JO !. "They are scared": Christine and the Queens's fit of anger after not being invited to the Olympics!. Charts in France. 31 July 2024. fr-FR.
  76. Clique x Chris(-tine and the Queens). 20 September 2018. fr. J'aime les auteurs de textes rugueux, il faut venir vers le texte. Quand on pense à Alain Bashung, ses textes sont une matière poétique qui se travaille, qui se mâche et qui se réfléchit..
  77. Web site: Collar. Matt. Christine and the Queens Bio. 25 June 2017. AllMusic.
  78. Web site: Snapes. Laura. Christine and the Queens Can't Stop Googling Weird Diseases. 22 August 2016. Pitchfork. 19 July 2016.
  79. Web site: Redon. Sarah. 23 March 2015. Christine and the Queens: "Je suis bisexuelle". 11 February 2017. Elle. fr.
  80. Web site: 26 June 2014. Christine and the Queens: "Je ne veux pas choisir entre chanson française et pop-music anglaise". 23 July 2019. France Info. fr.
  81. Web site: Brochen. Philippe. 29 May 2014. Christine and The Queens, la vie scène portrait. 20 April 2021. Libération. fr.
  82. Web site: 5 November 2013. Le Sojeans questionnaire avec Christine and the Queens. Brain-magazine. fr. Quelles sont tes influences musicales ? Les BO de Soul Train, Bowie et T-Rex, toute la discographie de Christophe, Kanye West et Kendrick Lamar, du contemporain (Philip Glass)... j'écoute beaucoup sans hiérarchiser. Ton chanteur préféré ? Michael Jackson. Ta chanteuse préférée ? Patti Smith ou Kate Bush..
  83. Web site: 4 August 2019. Christine and the Queens: 'I decided to stop apologising'. 21 August 2019. BBC News.
  84. Web site: 22 August 2018. Chris(tine) évoque son admiration pour Mylène Farmer, "un personnage fascinant". 23 July 2019. Charts in France. fr.
  85. Web site: Tang. Estelle. 8 June 2016. The 5 Albums that Changed Christine and the Queens' Life. 23 July 2019. Elle.
  86. Web site: 22 September 2018. Christine and the Queens: 'I've just discovered sex, I can't stop yet!'. 20 March 2023. The Guardian.
  87. Web site: Williams. Nick. 29 October 2018. Christine and the Queens Bring 'Pansexual' Pop Into the Mainstream. 22 December 2020. Variety. https://web.archive.org/web/20201128172139/https://variety.com/2018/music/news/christine-and-the-queens-pansexual-pop-1203006797/. 28 November 2020. en-US.
  88. Web site: Christine and the Queens Explains What It Means to Be Genderqueer. 30 October 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191101122453/https://attitude.co.uk/article/christine-and-the-queens-explains-what-it-means-to-be-genderqueer-1/22160/. 1 November 2019. Attitude.
  89. Christine and the Queens. QueensChristine. 1402464616605798401. By the way I'm a witch faggot use all the pronouns you want. 9 June 2021. 10 April 2022. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20210609033505/https://twitter.com/QueensChristine/status/1402464616605798401. 9 June 2021.
  90. Web site: Melena. Ryzik. How Charli XCX, Caroline Polachek and Christine and the Queens Navigate Pop. The New York Times. 22 March 2022. 10 April 2022. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20220404080752/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/22/arts/music/charli-xcx-christine-queens-caroline-polachek.html. 4 April 2022.
  91. Web site: "Je me genre au masculin": Christine and the Queens se confie sur son identité. "I gender myself in the masculine": Christine and the Queens opens up about his identity. HuffPost. France. 20 August 2022. 23 August 2022. fr-FR.
  92. Web site: Drew. Praskovich. Christine and the Queens Opened Up About His New Pronouns and Expanded Artistic Moniker. Them. Condé Nast. 23 August 2022. 23 August 2022. en-US.
  93. Gegout. Salomé. Christine And The Queens change de nom... et embrase le Web. Christine and the Queens changes names... and fires up the Internet. . Paris, France. Le Figaro. 16 October 2021. 1 December 2022. fr-FR.