Choline oxidase explained

Choline oxidase
Ec Number:	1.1.3.17
Cas Number:	9028-67-5
Width:	270

In enzymology, a choline oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

choline + O₂

\rightleftharpoons betaine aldehyde + H₂O₂

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are choline and O₂, whereas its two products are betaine aldehyde and H₂O₂.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with oxygen as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is choline:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. It employs one cofactor, FAD.

References

• Ikuta S, Imamura S, Misaki H, Horiuti Y . Tokyo . Purification and characterization of choline oxidase from Arthrobacter globiformis . J. Biochem. . 82. 1741 - 9 . 599154 . 6 . December 1977 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a131872.
• Rozwadowski KL, Khachatourians GG, Selvaraj G . 1991 . Choline oxidase, a catabolic enzyme in Arthrobacter pascens, facilitates adaptation to osmotic stress in Escherichia coli . J. Bacteriol. . 173 . 472 - 8 . 1987142 . 2 . 10.1128/jb.173.2.472-478.1991 . 207035 .
• Rand T, Halkier T, Hansen OC . 2003 . Structural characterization and mapping of the covalently linked FAD cofactor in choline oxidase from Arthrobacter globiformis . Biochemistry . 42 . 7188 - 94 . 12795615 . 10.1021/bi0274266 . 23 .
• Gadda G, Powell NL, Menon P . 2004 . The trimethylammonium headgroup of choline is a major determinant for substrate binding and specificity in choline oxidase . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. . 430 . 264 - 73 . 15369826 . 10.1016/j.abb.2004.07.011 . 2 .
• Fan F, Gadda G . 2005 . On the catalytic mechanism of choline oxidase . J. Am. Chem. Soc. . 127 . 2067 - 74 . 15713082 . 10.1021/ja044541q . 7 .
• Takabe T . 2003 . Isolation and functional characterization of N-methyltransferases that catalyze betaine synthesis from glycine in a halotolerant photosynthetic organism Aphanothece halophytica . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 4932 - 42 . 12466265 . 10.1074/jbc.M210970200 . Tanaka . Y . Aoki . K . Hibino . T . Jikuya . H . Takano . J . Takabe . T . Takabe . T . 7 . free .