Chloroform (data page) explained

This page provides supplementary chemical data on chloroform.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.

• SIRI
• Science Stuff
• Fisher Scientific

Structure and properties

	Structure and properties
Index of refraction, nD	1.4459 at 19 °C
Abbe number	?
Dielectric constant, εr	4.8069 ε0 at 20 °C
Bond strength	?
Bond length^[1]	C-Cl 1.75 Å
Bond angle	Cl-C-Cl 110.3°
Dipole moment	1.08 D (gas) 1.04 D^[2]
Magnetic susceptibility	? – Close to that of Teflon
Surface tension	28.5 dyn/cm at 10 °C 27.1 dyn/cm at 20 °C 26.67 dyn/cm at 25 °C 23.44 dyn/cm at 50 °C 21.7 dyn/cm at 60 °C 20.20 dyn/cm at 75 °C
Viscosity^[3]	0.786 mPa·s at –10 °C 0.699 mPa·s at 0 °C 0.563 mPa·s at 20 °C 0.542 mPa·s at 25 °C 0.464 mPa·s at 40 °C 0.389 mPa·s at 60 °C

Thermodynamic properties

	Phase behavior
Triple point	209.61 K (–63.54 °C), ? Pa
Critical point	537 K (264 °C), 5328.68 kPa
Std enthalpy change of fusion, ΔfusH^o	8.8 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of fusion, ΔfusS^o	42 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, ΔvapH^o	31.4 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of vaporization, ΔvapS^o	105.3 J/(mol·K)
	Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH^osolid	? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^osolid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp	? J/(mol K)
	Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH^oliquid	–134.3 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^oliquid	? J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion	–473.2 kJ/mol ΔcH^o
Heat capacity, cp	114.25 J/(mol K)
	Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH^ogas	–103.18 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^ogas	295.6 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
Heat capacity, cp	65.33 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
van der Waals' constants^[4]	a = 1537 L^2 kPa/mol^2 b = 0.1022 liter per mole

Vapor pressure of liquid

	P in mm Hg	1	10	40	100	400	760	1520	3800	7600	15200	30400	45600
	T in °C	–58.0	–29.7	–7.1	10.4	42.7	61.3	83.9	120.0	152.3	191.8	237.5	—

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

Distillation data

Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Chloroform/Ethanol^[5] P = 101.325 kPa BP Temp. °C % by mole chloroform liquid vapor 78.15 0.0 0.0 78.07 0.52 1.59 77.83 1.02 3.01 76.81 2.21 7.45 74.90 5.80 17.10 74.39 6.72 19.40 73.55 8.38 23.31 72.85 10.57 28.05 72.24 11.80 30.52 71.58 13.18 33.13 69.72 17.65 41.00 68.95 19.62 43.66 68.58 20.71 45.43 67.35 23.86 49.77 65.89 28.54 55.09 64.87 32.35 58.48 63.88 36.07 61.27 63.23 39.34 64.50 62.61 41.38 65.49 62.17 44.41 67.57 61.48 49.97 71.11 61.00 53.92 72.91 60.49 54.76 73.57 60.35 59.65 74.68 60.30 61.60 75.53 60.20 63.04 76.12 60.09 64.48 76.69 59.97 66.90 77.74 59.54 72.01 79.33 59.32 79.07 82.62 59.26 82.99 83.59 59.28 84.97 84.69 59.31 85.96 85.24 59.46 89.92 87.93 59.72 91.10 88.73 59.70 92.44 89.79 59.84 93.90 91.02 59.91 95.26 92.56 60.18 96.13 93.58 60.88 98.89 97.93 61.13 100.00 100.00

Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Chloroform/Acetone P = 101.325 kPa BP Temp. °C % by mole acetone liquid vapor 62.11 7.5 4.9 63.45 17.7 13.7 63.95 22.9 19.1 64.19 26.2 23.0 64.29 28.5 25.9 64.45 34.5 33.9 64.47 35.7 35.6 64.47 36.5 36.6 64.46 38.7 39.6 64.43 39.5 40.8 64.40 40.4 42.0 64.20 45.2 48.8 64.05 46.6 51.0 64.04 47.4 52.0 63.67 51.9 57.9 63.19 56.4 64.1 62.73 59.4 67.9 62.42 61.0 69.7 62.16 62.4 71.5 61.24 68.4 78.0 60.23 74.7 84.0 57.23 91.8 96.1

Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Chloroform/Methanol P = 760 mm Hg BP Temp. °C % by mole chloroform liquid vapor 63 4.0 10.2 62 6.5 15.4 60.9 9.5 21.5 59.3 14.6 30.4 57.8 19.6 37.8 57.0 23.0 42.0 55.9 28.7 47.2 55.3 33.2 50.7 54.7 38.3 54.0 54.3 42.5 56.4 54.0 45.9 58.0 53.8 52.0 60.7 53.7 55.7 61.9 53.5 62.8 64.3 53.5 63.6 64.6 53.5 66.7 65.5 53.7 75.3 68.4 53.9 79.7 70.1 54.4 85.5 73.0 55.2 90.4 76.8 56.3 93.7 81.2 57.9 97.0 87.5

Spectral data

	UV-Vis
λmax	? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε	?
	IR
Major absorption bands	1215, 761, 668 cm^-1
	NMR
	δ CDCl3 7.26 (s, 1H)
	δ CDCl3 77.2
Other NMR data
	MS
Masses of main fragments

References

1. R. Fourme, M. Renaud, C. R. Acad. Sci, Ser. C(Chim),1966, p. 69
2. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 89th ed./David R. Lide ed.-in-chief. CRC Press: Boca Raton, 2008. – p. 9–58
3. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674
4. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524
5. Web site: Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data. Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Queriable database. 17 May 2007.

• NIST Standard Reference Database. 1997 . 10.18434/T4D303 . 16 May 2007. Linstrom . Peter . National Institute of Standards and Technology .