Chlamydia pecorum explained

Chlamydia pecorum, also known as Chlamydophila pecorum^{[1] [2]} is a species of Chlamydiaceae that originated from ruminants, such as cattle, sheep and goats.^[3] It has also infected koalas and swine.^[4] C. pecorum strains are serologically and pathogenically diverse.^[5]

In the koalas, C. pecorum causes infections in the reproductive systems and urinary tract, as well as pneumonia, infertility, and death.^[6] It is considered one of the most important infectious diseases that currently plagues koalas.^{[7] [8] [9]} C. pecorum is the most common chlamydial species to infect koalas and is the most pathogenic.^[10] In other animals, C. pecorum has been associated with abortion, conjunctivitis, encephalomyelitis, enteritis, arthritis, and polyarthritis.^{[11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17]}

See also

• List of bacterial orders
• List of bacteria genera

Further reading

• Polkinghorne. Adam. Bachmann. Nathan L. Fraser. Tamieka A. Bertelli. Claire. Jelocnik. Martina. Gillett. Amber. Funnell. Oliver. Flanagan. Cheyne. Myers. Garry S A. Timms. Peter. Comparative genomics of koala, cattle and sheep strains of Chlamydia pecorum. BMC Genomics. 8 August 2014. 15. 1. 667. 10.1186/1471-2164-15-667. 25106440. 4137089 . free .
• Mohamad. Khalil. Rodolakis. Annie. Recent advances in the understanding of Chlamydophila pecorum infections, sixteen years after it was named as the fourth species of the Chlamydiaceae family. Veterinary Research. 8 December 2009. 41. 3. 10.1051/vetres/2009075. 19995513. 2820232. 11 November 2014. 27.
• Mathew. Marina. Waugh. Courtney. Beagley. Kenneth. Timms. Peter. Polkinghornea. Adam. Interleukin 17A is an immune marker for chlamydial disease severity and pathogenesis in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Developmental and Comparative Immunology. October 2014. 46. 2. 423–429. 10.1016/j.dci.2014.05.015. 24915607.

External links

• Chlamydiae.com
• Type strain of Chlamydophila pecorum at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Notes and References

1. Fukushi. H.. Hirai. K.. Proposal of Chlamydia Pecorum sp. nov. for Chlamydia Strains Derived from Ruminants. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 42. 2. 1992. 306–308. 0020-7713. 10.1099/00207713-42-2-306. 1581191. free.
2. Mojica. S.. Huot Creasy. H.. Daugherty. S.. Read. T. D.. Kim. T.. Kaltenboeck. B.. Bavoil. P.. Myers. G. S. A.. Genome Sequence of the Obligate Intracellular Animal Pathogen Chlamydia pecorum E58. Journal of Bacteriology. 193. 14. 2011. 3690. 0021-9193. 10.1128/JB.00454-11. 21571992. 3133325.
3. Fukushi. Hideto. Hirai. Katsuya. 1992. Proposal of Chlamydia Pecorum sp. nov. for Chlamydia Strains Derived from Ruminants. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 42. 2. 306–308. 10.1099/00207713-42-2-306. 1581191. 1466-5026. free.
4. Mojica. Sergio. Creasy. Heather Huot. Daugherty. Sean. Read. Timothy D.. Kim. Teayoun. Kaltenboeck. Bernhard. Bavoil. Patrik. Myers. Garry S. A.. 2011-07-15. Genome Sequence of the Obligate Intracellular Animal Pathogen Chlamydia pecorum E58. Journal of Bacteriology. en. 193. 14. 3690. 10.1128/JB.00454-11. 0021-9193. 21571992. 3133325. free.
5. Web site: Berthold. Emma. 2018-02-14. Did koalas catch killer Chlamydia from sheep?. 2021-04-28. Curious. en.
6. Mackie. J. T.. Gillett. A. K.. Palmieri. C.. Feng. T.. Higgins. D. P.. 2016-11-01. Pneumonia due to Chlamydia pecorum in a Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Journal of Comparative Pathology. en. 155. 4. 356–360. 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.07.011. 0021-9975. 27567271.
7. Griffith. JE. Higgins. DP. November 2012. Diagnosis, treatment and outcomes for koala chlamydiosis at a rehabilitation facility (1995-2005). Australian Veterinary Journal. 90. 11. 457–463. 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00963.x. 23106328. free.
8. Govendir. M.. Hanger. J.. Loader. J. J.. Kimble. B.. Griffith. J. E.. Black. L. A.. Krockenberger. M. B.. Higgins. D. P.. Plasma concentrations of chloramphenicol after subcutaneous administration to koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) with chlamydiosis. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. April 2012. 35. 2. 147–154. 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01307.x. 21569052.
9. Burach. Fabienne. Pospischil. Andreas. Hanger. Jon. Loader. Jo. Pillonel. Trestan. Greub. Gilbert. Borel. Nicole. 2014-08-06. Chlamydiaceae and Chlamydia-like organisms in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)--organ distribution and histopathological findings. Veterinary Microbiology. 172. 1–2. 230–240. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.04.022. 1873-2542. 24888862. 9948808 .
10. Polkinghorne . Adam . Hanger . Jon . Timms . Peter . Peter Timms (conservationist) . August 2013 . Recent advances in understanding the biology, epidemiology and control of chlamydial infections in koalas . Veterinary Microbiology . 165 . 3–4 . 214–223 . 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.026 . 23523170.
11. Yang. Rongchang. Jacobson. Caroline. Gardner. Graham. Carmichael. Ian. Campbell. Angus J. D.. Ryan. Una. 2014-09-01. Longitudinal prevalence and faecal shedding of Chlamydia pecorum in sheep. The Veterinary Journal. en. 201. 3. 322–326. 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.037. 24954870. 1090-0233.
12. Walker. Evelyn. Moore. Cecily. Shearer. Patrick. Jelocnik. Martina. Bommana. Sankhya. Timms. Peter. Polkinghorne. Adam. 2016-09-08. Clinical, diagnostic and pathologic features of presumptive cases of Chlamydia pecorum-associated arthritis in Australian sheep flocks. BMC Veterinary Research. en. 12. 1. 193. 10.1186/s12917-016-0832-3. 1746-6148. 5017062. 27608808 . free .
13. Polkinghorne. A.. Borel. N.. Becker. A.. Lu. Z. H.. Zimmermann. D. R.. Brugnera. E.. Pospischil. A.. Vaughan. L.. 2009-03-16. Molecular evidence for chlamydial infections in the eyes of sheep. Veterinary Microbiology. Special Issue: Chlamydioses. en. 135. 1. 142–146. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.034. 18945556. 0378-1135.
14. Berri. Mustapha. Rekiki. Abdessalem. Boumedine. Karim Sidi. Rodolakis. Annie. 2009-07-01. Simultaneous differential detection of Chlamydophila abortus, Chlamydophila pecorum and Coxiella burnetii from aborted ruminant's clinical samples using multiplex PCR. BMC Microbiology. en. 9. 1. 130. 10.1186/1471-2180-9-130. 1471-2180. 2725139. 19570194 . free .
15. Schiller. Irene. Koesters. Robert. Weilenmann. Roseline. Thoma. Rudolf. Kaltenboeck. Bernhard. Heitz. Philipp. Pospischil. Andreas. 1997-11-01. Mixed infections with porcine Chlamydia trachomatis/pecorum and infections with ruminant Chlamydia psittaci serovar 1 associated with abortions in swine. Veterinary Microbiology. en. 58. 2. 251–260. 10.1016/S0378-1135(97)00154-5. 9453135. 0378-1135.
16. Greco. G.. Corrente. M.. Buonavoglia. D.. Campanile. G.. Di Palo. R.. Martella. V.. Bellacicco. A. L.. D’Abramo. M.. Buonavoglia. C.. 2008-06-01. Epizootic abortion related to infections by Chlamydophila abortus and Chlamydophila pecorum in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology. en. 69. 9. 1061–1069. 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.01.018. 18374406. 0093-691X.
17. Marrie. T. J.. Peeling. R. W.. Reid. T.. Carolis. E. De. Investigators. the Canadian Community-Acquired Pneumonia. 2003-05-01. Chlamydia species as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia in Canada. European Respiratory Journal. en. 21. 5. 779–784. 10.1183/09031936.03.00095403. 0903-1936. 12765420. 7828355. free.