| Country: | England |
| Static Image: | Cottages_in_Chilson_-_geograph.org.uk_-_31705.jpg |
| Static Image Caption: | Cottages in Chilson |
| Coordinates: | 51.873°N -1.536°W |
| Official Name: | Chilson |
| Population: | 141 |
| Population Ref: | (parish, including Shorthampton) (2011 Census) |
| Civil Parish: | Chilson |
| Shire District: | West Oxfordshire |
| Shire County: | Oxfordshire |
| Region: | South East England |
| Constituency Westminster: | Banbury |
| Post Town: | Chipping Norton |
| Postcode District: | OX7 |
| Postcode Area: | OX |
| Os Grid Reference: | SP3119 |
Chilson is a hamlet and civil parish in the Evenlode Valley in West Oxfordshire, England, about NaNmiles south of Chipping Norton. The civil parish also includes the hamlet of Shorthampton, about NaNmiles north east of Chilson. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 141.[1] The toponym, first recorded as Cildestuna in about 1200, is derived from the Old English ċildes tūn, meaning "estate of the young nobleman".