Chiloglottis sphyrnoides explained

Chiloglottis sphyrnoides, commonly known as the forest wasp orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to north-eastern New South Wales and south-eastern Queensland. It has two dark green leaves and a single green or reddish pink flower with a shiny black, insect-like callus surrounded by red club-shaped calli on two-thirds of the base of the labellum.

Description

Chiloglottis sphyrnoides is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with two egg-shaped to elliptic leaves NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide on a petiole NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long. A single green or reddish pink flower NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide is borne on a flowering stem NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 high. The dorsal sepal is spatula-shaped, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The lateral sepals are linear, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, about 1sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and curve downwards. There is a glandular tip NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long on the end of the dorsal sepal and NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 long on the lateral sepals. The petals are narrow oblong, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, about 4sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and turn downwards towards the ovary. The labellum is broadly spatula-shaped, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 wide. There is a shiny black, insect-like callus about 2sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and wide near the base of the labellum. This large callus is surrounded by reddish, club-shaped calli and small red calli. The column is green with purplish black blotches, NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 long and about 4sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide with narrow wings. Flowering occurs from December to April.[1] [2] [3]

Taxonomy and naming

Chiloglottis sphyrnoides was first formally described in 1991 by David Jones from a specimen collected in the Lamington National Park and the description was published in Australian Orchid Research.[4] The specific epithet (sphyrnoides) refers to the similarity of the shape of the large callus on the labellum resembling the head of a shark in the genus Sphyrna. The ending -oides is derived from an Ancient Greek word εἶδος (eîdos), meaning “form" or "likeness”.[5]

Distribution and habitat

The forest wasp orchid grows in moist places in tall forest near Nowendoc and in the Lamington National Park.

Notes and References

  1. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 1877069124. 140.
  2. Jones. David L.. New taxa of Australian Orchidaceae. Australian Orchid Research. 1991. 2. 41–42.
  3. Web site: Jones. David L.. Chiloglottis sphyrnoides. Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. 23 April 2018.
  4. Web site: Chiloglottis sphyrnoides. APNI. 23 April 2018.
  5. Book: Brown. Roland Wilbur. The Composition of Scientific Words. 1956. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C.. 483.