| Chilecito | |
| Native Name Lang: | es |
| Settlement Type: | City |
| Pushpin Map: | Argentina |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Chilecito in Argentina |
| Coordinates: | -29.1667°N -97°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Argentina |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | La Rioja |
| Subdivision Type2: | Department |
| Subdivision Name2: | Chilecito |
| Established Title: | Founded |
| Established Date: | 1715 |
| Leader Party: | PJ |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Rodrigo Brizuela y Doria |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Elevation M: | 1080 |
| Population Total: | 58,798 |
| Population As Of: | 2022 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Demonym: | chileciteño/a |
| Timezone1: | ART |
| Utc Offset1: | -3 |
| Postal Code Type: | CPA base |
| Postal Code: | F5360 |
| Area Code: | 3825 |
| Blank Name: | Climate |
| Blank Info: | BWk |
Chilecito is a city in the Argentine province of La Rioja, and head of the department of Chilecito.
The city is located in the valley formed by the Sierras de Velazco to the east, and the Sierras de Famatina to the west. The city was founded in 1715 by Spanish colonizers. Chilecito still preserves the cable-car of La Mejicana mine built by Bleichert which is part of the city mining past that saw its peak at the end of the 19th century.
Chilecito is surrounded by an oasis of irrigation, which has been expanded by way of supplements from underground waters. A great part of agricultural land is used for the cultivation of vineyards because the most significant industrial activity is based in wine-cellars. Walnut and fruit trees are also cultivated and their product is locally processed.
The Argentine educator, lawyer, senator, governor and historian Joaquín V. González was raised in the vicinity of Chilecito. He also used to spend his vacation in a home that he built here in his later years. The property, which he called Samay Huasi (Quechua Samay Wasi, "rest house") was donated to the University of La Plata for use as an artists' retreat.
By the end of the 1990s, the university of Chilecito which was still part of the National University of La Rioja became the National University of Chilecito. This decision was highly criticized by different academic and political sectors, especially those concerning to the President of Argentina at the time, Carlos Menem.
According to statistics, Chilecito has 58,798 inhabitants (data provided from the INDEC 2022 census).[1] This data includes facts from the localities of Anguinán, Malligasta, San Miguel, Los Sarmientos and La Puntilla.