| Chien Shih-Liang | |
| Native Name: | 錢思亮 |
| Birth Place: | Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China |
| Death Place: | Taipei, Taiwan |
| Alma Mater: | Tianjin Nankai High School Tsinghua University University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign |
| Children: | Robert Chien Shu Chien Fredrick Chien |
| Relatives: | Carl Chien (grandson) |
| Occupation: | Chemist |
Chien Shih-Liang aka S. L. Chien (; 1908–1983), was a Chinese chemist who served as the President of the Academia Sinica. A graduate of Tsinghua University and the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, he also served as President of National Taiwan University.
Chien was from Hangzhou, Zhejiang. After graduating from Tianjin Nankai High School, he matriculated at Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry in 1927. He won the Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program in 1931 and went to the United States together with Wu Ta-You. Chien continued his study in chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC) where he obtained M.Sc. in 1932 and Ph.D. in 1934.
Chien returned to China after obtaining PhD and joined the Peking University Department of Chemistry. Chien was a professor and the head of the department.
In 1949, Chien went to Taipei, and was recruited professor of chemistry and the provost of the National Taiwan University, by its then-president Fu Sinian. From 1951 till 1970, Chien was the President of the National Taiwan University.
In 1964, Chien was elected Academician of the Academia Sinica division of physical and mathematical sciences. From 1970 to 1983, Chien served the President of Academia Sinica. In 1983, Chien received honorary doctoral degree from his alma mater UIUC.
From 1971 to 1981, Chien also served the director of the Atomic Energy Council of the Executive Yuan.
Chien's father Chien Hong-ye (錢鴻業) was a Chief Justice in the Supreme Court of the Republic of China, and was assassinated in Shanghai in 1940. Chien had three sons. The eldest, Robert Chien and youngest, Fredrick Chien, became politicians. His second son Shu Chien is a biologist and engineer. A grandson, Carl Chien, is a businessman.