A chief minister (ur|{{Nastaliq|وزیر اعلى—), is the head of the provincial government. Executive authority of a province is vested in the chief minister and his chosen cabinet, despite the governor serving as the nominal head of provincial executive. The chief minister, according to article 131 of the 1973 constitution, shall keep the governor informed on matters relating to provincial government. Moreover, all executive actions of the provincial government shall be expressed to be taken in the name of governor according to article 139. The chief minister is invariably the leader of the party or the coalition with a majority in the provincial assembly, the provincial legislature of which he is the leader.[1]
The parliamentary system in Pakistan follows the Westminster system.[2] Hence the ministers of the provinces are elected by the members of the legislature, and the majority party is invited to elect a leader, whose tenure lasts for five years. The people do not elect the head of the government, rather they elect their representatives only. In turn their representatives select the head of the government. The head of the government, once elected, enjoys almost exclusive executive powers.
The Constitution of Pakistan sets the principle qualifications one must meet to be eligible to the office of the Chief Minister. A Chief Minister must be:
The chief minister is elected through a majority in the provincial legislative assembly. This is procedurally established by the vote of confidence in the legislative assembly, as suggested by the majority party who is the appointing authority.
After the successful elections, the swearing is done before the governor of the province. The oath of office, according to the "Articles [2] 130(5) and 132(2)" of the constitution is as follows.[4]
The Governor may ask the Chief Minister to continue to hold office until his successor enters upon the office of Chief Minister. The Chief Minister shall continue to hold office until his successor enters upon the office of Chief Minister.After the dissolution of the provincial assembly, nothing in Article 131 or Article 132 can be construed to disqualify the Chief Minister or a Provincial Minister from continuing in the office.[5]
The table below lists the currently serving chief ministers and heads of administrative units (AUs) of Pakistan as of October 2024.
| scope=col | Province | scope=col | Chief minister | scope=col | Took office | scope=col colspan=2 | Government | scope=col class=unsortable | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balochistan | PPP | [6] | |||||||
| Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Ali Amin Gandapur | PTI | [7] | ||||||
| Punjab | Maryam Nawaz | PML(N) | [8] | ||||||
| Sindh | Murad Ali Shah | PPP | [9] | ||||||
| Gilgit-Baltistan | Gulbar Khan | PTI | [10] |
| scope=col | Province | scope=col | Name | scope=col class=unsortable | Portrait | scope=col | Took office | scope=col colspan=2 | Party | scope=col class=unsortable | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azad Jammu and Kashmir | Chaudhry Anwarul Haq | PTI | [11] |