List of whips in the Australian Senate explained

Whips have managed business and maintained party discipline for Australia's federal political parties in the Senate since Federation. The term has origins in the British parliamentary system.

Though the Remuneration Tribunal and parliamentary website refer to the senior Labor and Liberal whips as "chief" whips and their junior whips as "deputy whips", the parties tend to refer to the senior whips as "whips" when announcing their officeholders to the Senate.[1] [2] A number of Senate whips have gone on to serve as ministers, and several as Leader of the Government or Leader of the Opposition in the Senate.

Australian Labor Party

In addition to those below, Kay Denman served as a deputy whip from 18 September to 31 December 1995, a period when one of Labor's two whips was on leave of absence while conducting parliamentary business overseas.[3] [4]

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
21 May 1901[5] [6] Chris Watson
29 April 1904[7]
20 February 1907[8]
Andrew Fisher
18 September 1914[9]
Billy Hughes
Frank Tudor
8 May 1917[10]
Vacant[11] 1 July 1920
Matthew Charlton
6 July 1923[12]
9 July 1926[13]
28 September 1927[14]
James Scullin
14 August 1929[15]
18 March 1931[16]
1 July 1935
John Curtin
20 September 1938[17]
6 October 1941[18]
Ben Chifley
13 June 1950[19] [20]
H. V. Evatt
4 September 1957
Arthur Calwell
width=125px Whip !width=160px Datewidth=125px Deputy Whip !width=160px Datewidth=125px Deputy Whip !width=160px DateLeader
Justin O'Byrne[21] 20 February 1962[22] 20 February 1962Arthur Calwell
Gough Whitlam
18 December 1972[23]
10 June 197410 June 1974
27 January 1976[24] 27 January 1976
Bill Hayden
24 November 1980[25] 24 November 1980[26]
10 March 1983[27] Bob Hawke
22 August 1985
14 September 1987[28] [29] 14 September 198714 September 1987[30]
4 November 1988[31]
12 February 1991[32]
Paul Keating
4 May 1993[33]
20 March 1996[34] 30 April 1996[35] Kim Beazley
24 September 1997[36]
19 October 199819 October 1998[37]
17 August 2000[38]
22 November 2001[39] 22 November 2001[40] 22 November 2001[41] Simon Crean
Mark Latham
22 October 2004[42] 22 October 2004[43]
Kim Beazley
1 July 2005[44]
Kevin Rudd
3 December 2007[45] 3 December 2007[46]
1 July 20081 July 2008[47]
Julia Gillard
27 September 2010[48] [49] 27 September 2010[50] [51] 27 September 2010[52] [53]
Kevin Rudd
18 October 2013[54] 18 October 2013[55] Bill Shorten
30 August 201630 August 2016[56]
3 February 2017[57]
5 December 2017[58]
31 May 2022[59]
31 May 2022[60]
31 May 2022[61] Anthony Albanese
Notes

Coalition

Liberal Party of Australia

width=125px Whip !width=160px Datewidth=125px Deputy Whip !width=160px DateLeader
Unclear 21 February 1945Robert Menzies
1 July 1947[62]
21 February 1950
11 June 1951[63]
8 March 1966[64] Harold Holt
12 March 1968[65] John Gorton
25 November 1969[66] William McMahon
Harold Young[67] 16 August 1971[68]
Billy Snedden
20 November 1974[69]
8 April 19758 April 1975[70] Malcolm Fraser
11 October 1977[71]
28 February 19781 March 1978[72]
25 November 1980[73] 25 November 1980[74]
24 February 1981[75]
24 March 198124 March 1981
18 November 1982
Andrew Peacock
John Howard
14 September 1987[76] 14 September 1987[77]
Andrew Peacock
John Hewson
4 May 1993
Alexander Downer
John Howard
9 May 1995[78] 9 May 1995
11 February 1997[79] 11 February 1997[80]
10 November 1998[81]
23 November 2001
22 August 2002[82] 22 August 2002[83]
11 September 2006
12 April 2007[84] [85] 8 May 2007[86] [87]
3 December 2007[88] [89] Brendan Nelson
Malcolm Turnbull
width=125px Whip !width=160px Datewidth=125px Deputy Whip !width=160px Datewidth=125px Deputy Whip !width=160px DateLeader
12 April 2007[90] [91] 3 December 20074 February 2009[92] [93] Malcolm Turnbull
Tony Abbott
4 July 2011[94] [95]
8 May 2012[96] [97]
1 July 2014[98] 1 July 20141 July 2014[99]
Dean Smith13 October 2015[100] Malcolm Turnbull
7 September 2018[101] Scott Morrison
22 January 201912 February 2019[102]
26 July 2022[103] 26 July 2022[104] 26 July 2022[105] Peter Dutton
Notes

National Country Party/National Party of Australia

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
27 February 1973[106] Doug Anthony
21 February 1980[107]
17 February 1981[108]
Ian Sinclair
21 February 1985
14 September 1987[109]
Charles Blunt
Tim Fischer
1 July 1990[110]
23 March 1993[111]
1 July 1993[112]
1 July 1999[113] John Anderson
Mark Vaile
7 February 2006[114]
6 February 2007[115] [116]
Warren Truss
22 September 2008[117] [118]
13 September 2013[119]
1 July 201[120]
10 September 2015[121]
24 February 2016Barnaby Joyce
1 September 2016[122]
Michael McCormack
Perin Davey2 July 2019[123]
rowpsan=2David LittleproudRoss Cadell26 July 2022[124]

Australian Greens

Western Australian Greens

In May 1996, following the 1996 election, the two members of the Western Australian Greens in the Senate announced they were to be whip and deputy whip of their party. The deputy whip, Christabel Chamarette, had lost her seat at the election, and left the Senate just over a month after the announcement. The party lost its other seat (and its whip) at the 1998 election, with her leaving office in June 1999. The party only merged with the Australian Greens in 2003, after it lost its senators.

width=125px Whip !width=160px Datewidth=145px Deputy Whip !width=160px Date
20 May 1996[125] 20 May 1996[126]
None 1 July 1996
None 1 July 1999

Australian Greens

The Australian Greens appointed their first whip in the Senate when the party increased from two to four members in 2005. She became entitled to a salary when the party increased to five members in 2008.

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
9 August 2005[127] Bob Brown
Christine Milne
Richard Di Natale
Adam Bandt
Adam Bandt
Nick McKim15 September 2021[128]

Pauline Hanson's One Nation

One Nation first entered the Senate in 1999, but had only one seat and consequently did not elect a whip. The party's senator was defeated in 2004 and left the Senate in 2005. In 2016, four One Nation senators were elected, and the party elected a whip for the first time.

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
1 September 2016[129] Pauline Hanson
24 May 2018[130]

Nick Xenophon Team

Senator Nick Xenophon entered the Senate as an independent in 2008. In 2016 he ran as part of the Nick Xenophon Team, which saw Xenophon and two of his running mates (and a lower house MP) elected, so the Nick Xenophon Team elected a whip.

width=145px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
1 September 2016[131] Nick Xenophon

Democratic Labour Party

The Democratic Labour Party (until 2013 the Democratic Labor Party) elected its first whip in 1968, when its membership increased from two to four. The party continued to do so until 1974, when the party lost all its seats at the double dissolution election. The party re-entered the Senate following the 2010 election, but did not have a whip as it only had one senator, who left the party in 2014.

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
13 August 1968[132] Vince Gair
10 October 1973[133] Frank McManus
None 10 May 1974

Palmer United Party

The Palmer United Party won three Senate seats at the 2013 election, the new senators taking their seats on 1 July 2014. Two of the three had left within a year, but the remaining senator retained the position of whip until his defeat in 2016.

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
1 July 2014[134] [135] Glenn Lazarus
None 9 May 2016

Defunct

Free Trade/Anti-Socialist Party (1901–09)

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
1901[136] George Reid
21 November 1907[137]
26 November 1908[138] Joseph Cook

Protectionist Party (1901–09)

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
None 1901[139] [140] Edmund Barton
by 30 April 1902
None by 5 July 1905Alfred Deakin

Commonwealth Liberal Party (1909–17)

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
21 June 1909[141] Alfred Deakin
Joseph Cook
Unclear 1 July 1913

National Labor (1916–17)

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
14 November 1916[142] Billy Hughes

Nationalist Party of Australia (1917–31)

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
13 June 1917Billy Hughes
10 February 1923[143] Stanley Bruce
1 July 1926[144]
John Latham

United Australia Party (1931–45)

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
7 May 1931[145] Joseph Lyons
29 November 1937
7 November 1938[146]
Robert Menzies
8 October 1941[147] height=30px Billy Hughes
Robert Menzies
July 1944?

Australian Democrats (1977–2015)

The Australian Democrats first elected a whip in 1981, reflecting an increase from two to five of the party's Senate membership. The party lost all its seats at the 2007 election, and its senators duly left their seats the following June.

width=125px Whip !width=160px DateLeader
by 19 November 1981[148] Don Chipp
Janine Haines
by 31 October 1989[149]
Janet Powell
3 September 1991[150] John Coulter
Cheryl Kernot
Meg Lees
Natasha Stott Despoja
1 July 2002[151] Andrew Bartlett
13 December 2004[152] Lyn Allison
None 1 July 2008
Notes

Notes and References

  1. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 4 July 2011 . 3832 . Chris Evans . . MINISTERIAL ARRANGEMENTS .
  2. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 4 July 2011 . 3832 . . . PARTY OFFICE HOLDERS Liberal Party .
  3. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 18 September 1995 . 886 . . . DEPUTY GOVERNMENT WHIP .
  4. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 29 August 1995 . 550 . Gerry Jones . Government Whip . COMMITTEES Legal and Constitutional References Committee Reference Division .
  5. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 25 June 1901 . 2 . The Northern Miner . Charters Towers, Qld . To-day .
  6. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 24 May 1901 . 3 . The North Western Advocate and the Emu Bay Times . Devonport and Burnie, Tas . General News: Notes from Melbourne .
  7. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 30 April 1904 . 2 . The North Western Advocate and the Emu Bay Times . Devonport and Burnie, Tas . Senator O'Keeffe .
  8. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 21 February 1907 . 5 . Morning Post . Cairns, Qld . Federal Labor Party .
  9. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 19 September 1914 . 2 . Ovens and Murray Advertiser . Beechworth, Vic . Telegraphic News .
  10. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 9 March 1917 . 7 . The Advertiser . Adelaide . The Elections: The Attack on Mr. Hughes .
  11. [Albert Gardiner]
  12. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 6 July 1923 . 7 . Evening News . Sydney . Labor in Senate .
  13. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 10 July 1926 . 11 . The West Australian . Perth . Federal Politics: Labour Leader in Senate, Needham Elected .
  14. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 29 September 1927 . 67 . Ted Needham . . QUESTION OPPOSITION WHIP .
  15. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 15 August 1929 . 7 . Morning Bulletin . Rockhampton, Qld . The Senate: New President, Senator Kingsmill .
  16. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 19 March 1931 . 5 . Advocate . Burnie, Tas . Peculiar Position: Lang Followers in Senate No Longer in Party? .
  17. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 21 September 1938 . 6 . The Mercury . Hobart, Tas . Labour Leader in Senate, Senator Collings Re-elected .
  18. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 7 October 1941 . 5 . The West Australian . Perth . Party Offices, Senator Clothier Appointed Whip .
  19. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 13 June 1951 . 36 . . . LEADERSHIP OF THE OPPOSITION .
  20. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 15 June 1950 . 7 . The Advertiser . Adelaide . S.A. Senator To Be Opposition Whip .
  21. Later served as President of the Australian Senate.
  22. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 20 February 1962 . 14 . . . LEADERSHIP OF THE OPPOSITION .
  23. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 19 December 1972 . 14 . The Canberra Times . Caucus Elects New Ministry .
  24. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 17 February 1976 . 13 . . . ADJOURNMENT The Parliament .
  25. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Robertson, E. A. (Edward Albert) (1929–1991) .
  26. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Sibraa, K. W. (Kerry Walter) (1946–) .
  27. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . McIntosh, Gordon Douglas (1925–) .
  28. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Jones, G. N. (Gerry Norman) (1932–) .
  29. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 14 September 1987 . 12 . John Button . . ELECTION OF DEPUTY PRESIDENT AND CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEES .
  30. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . McKiernan, Jim (1944–) .
  31. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Foreman, D. J. (Dominic John) .
  32. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Faulkner, John .
  33. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Burns, Bryant .
  34. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Evans, Chris, (Christopher Vaughan) (1958–) .
  35. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Conroy, Stephen Michael, (the Hon) (1963–) .
  36. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Denman, Kay Janet (1937–) .
  37. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Quirke, John Andrew (1950–) .
  38. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Ludwig, Joseph William, (the Hon) (1959–) .
  39. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Mackay, Susan Mary (1960–) .
  40. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Crossin, Trish .
  41. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Buckland, Geoffrey Frederick (1947–) .
  42. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Campbell, George (1943–) .
  43. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Webber, Ruth Stephanie (1965–) .
  44. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Kirk, Linda (1967–) .
  45. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . O'Brien, Kerry .
  46. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Wortley, Dana Johanna (1959–) .
  47. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Farrell, Donald Edward, (the Hon) (1954–) .
  48. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . McEwen, Anne (1954–) .
  49. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for McEwen, Anne .
  50. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Brown, Carol Louise (1963–) .
  51. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for Brown, Carol Louise .
  52. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Polley, Helen Beatrice (1957–) .
  53. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for Polley, Helen Beatrice .
  54. HZB . Senator Catryna Bilyk . 2021-11-06.
  55. 231199 . Senator Anne Urquhart . 2021-11-06.
  56. 121628 . Senator Jenny McAllister . 2021-11-06.
  57. Party Office Holders – Australian Labor Party . 3 February 2017 . Penny Wong . Leader of the Opposition in the Senate . Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 4.
  58. Party Office Holders – Australian Labor Party . 5 December 2017 . Penny Wong . Leader of the Opposition in the Senate . Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 9638.
  59. Web site: Chief Government Whip in the Senate. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/k7oYM . 21 February 2024 . live . 27 July 2022 . directory.gov.au . 21 February 2024.
  60. Web site: Deputy Government Whip in the Senate . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/XeSNU . 21 February 2024 . 21 February 2024 . 27 July 2022 . directory.gov.au.
  61. Web site: https://ghostarchive.org/archive/K6eXB . Deputy Government Whip in the Senate . 27 July 2022 . 21 February 2024 . 21 February 2024 . live . directory.gov.au.
  62. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 15 October 1947 . 727 . . . LEADER, DEPUTY LEADER AND WHIP OF THE OPPOSITION .
  63. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 12 June 1951 . 3 . The Canberra Times . Party Meetings Choose Leaders and Nominees .
  64. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 8 March 1966 . 19 . . . THE SENATE .
  65. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 12 March 1968 . 13 . . . GOVERNMENT WHIP .
  66. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Withers, Reg (1924–) .
  67. Later served as President of the Australian Senate.
  68. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 17 August 1971 . 9 . . . GOVERNMENT WHIP .
  69. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Chaney, F. M. (Frederick Michael) (1941–) .
  70. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Sullivan, Kathryn Jean (1942–) .
  71. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Baume, Peter (1935–) .
  72. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 1 March 1978 . 207 . Reg Withers . . PARLIAMENT HOUSE SECURITY .
  73. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 25 November 1980 . 6 . . . MINISTERIAL ARRANGEMENTS .
  74. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Rocher, Allan .
  75. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 24 March 1981 . 667 . . . Appointment of Whips .
  76. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Reid, Margaret, (Margaret Elizabeth) (1935–) .
  77. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Knowles, Susan Christine (1951–) .
  78. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Panizza, John Horace (1931–) .
  79. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Calvert, Paul Henry (1940–) .
  80. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Heffernan, Bill (1943–) .
  81. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Coonan, Helen Lloyd (1947–) .
  82. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Ferris, Jeannie Margaret (1941–2007) .
  83. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Eggleston, Alan .
  84. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Parry, Stephen Shane (1960–) .
  85. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for Parry, Stephen Shane .
  86. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . McGauran, Julian John James (1957–) .
  87. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for McGauran, Julian John James .
  88. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Adams, Judith Anne (1943–) .
  89. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for Adams, Judith Anne .
  90. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Parry, Stephen Shane (1960–) .
  91. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for Parry, Stephen Shane .
  92. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Bushby, David Christopher (1965–) .
  93. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for Bushby, David Christopher .
  94. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Kroger, Helen Evelyn (1959–) .
  95. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for Kroger, Helen Evelyn .
  96. Web site: Australian Parliamentary Library . Trove . National Library of Australia . 22 August 2013 . Back, Christopher John, (Dr) (1950–) .
  97. Web site: 22 August 2013 . Australian Parliamentary Library . Biography for Back, Dr Christopher John .
  98. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 26 June 2014 . 1 . . . Ministerial Arrangements .
  99. DYU . Senator David Fawcett . 2021-11-06.
  100. 241710 . Senator Dean Smith . 2021-11-06.
  101. Ministerial Arrangements . Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 10 September 2018 . Mathias Cormann . Leader of the Government in the Senate.
  102. 263418 . Senator Jonathon Duniam . 2021-11-06.
  103. Web site: Opposition Whip in the Senate . 27 July 2022 . 21 February 2024 . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/r5Kk5 . live . 21 February 2024 . directory.gov.au.
  104. Web site: Deputy Opposition Whip in the Senate . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/xdW3v . 21 February 2024 . 21 February 2024 . live . directory.gov.au.
  105. Web site: Deputy Opposition Whip in the Senate. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/yVxks . 21 February 2024 . live . 21 February 2024 . 27 July 2022 . directory.gov.au .
  106. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 27 February 1973 . 5 . . Leader of the Australian Country Party in the Senate . OBITUARIES Deaths of Former Members - Mr T. P. Burke, Mr J. Mortimer, Hon. W. J. F. Riordan, Hon. H. V. C. Thorby and Mr Paul Jones .
  107. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Sheil, Glenister, (Dr) (1929–2008) .
  108. News: Biography for COLLARD, Stanley James, OAM. Parliament of Australia. 28 April 2024.
  109. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Tambling, G. E. (Grant Ernest) (1943–) .
  110. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Brownhill, David .
  111. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Bjelke-Petersen, Flo, (Lady) (1920–) .
  112. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . O'Chee, Bill (1965–) .
  113. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . McGauran, Julian John James (1957–) .
  114. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Scullion, Nigel Gregory, (the Hon) (1956–) .
  115. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Nash, Fiona Joy (1965–) .
  116. E5G . Senator the Hon Fiona Nash . 2021-11-06.
  117. Web site: 14 September 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Williams, John Reginald (1955–) .
  118. I0V . Senator John Williams . 2021-11-06.
  119. 207825 . Senator Bridget McKenzie . 2021-11-06.
  120. 247871 . Senator Barry O'Sullivan . 2021-11-06.
  121. 245212 . Senator Matthew Canavan . 2021-11-06.
  122. Web site: 14 September 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Williams, John Reginald (1955–) .
  123. 281697 . Senator Perin Davey . 2021-11-06.
  124. Web site: The Nationals Whip in the Senate. 27 July 2022 . 21 February 2024 . live . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/6vvgF . directory.gov.au . 21 February 2024 .
  125. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Margetts, Diane (1955–) .
  126. Web site: 31 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Chamarette, Christabel Marguerite Alain (1948–) .
  127. E5Z . Former Senator Rachel Siewert . 21 February 2024.
  128. Web site: Australian Greens Whip . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/0G5ka . 21 February 2024 . live . 27 July 2022 . 21 February 2024 . directory.gov.au . en.
  129. 207807 . Senator Brian Burston . 2021-11-06.
  130. News: Former One Nation whip says he won't 'have a dummy spit' after being demoted by Pauline Hanson . Caitlyn . Gribbin . 24 May 2018 . ABC News . 25 May 2018.
  131. Web site: Senator Skye Kakoschke-Moore . . 2021-11-09.
  132. Web site: 28 May 2019 . 14 August 1968 . 23 . The Canberra Times . Gair again leads LDP .
  133. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 10 October 1973 . 1085 . . Leader of the Democratic Labor Party . AUSTRALIAN DEMOCRATIC LABOR PARTY .
  134. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 7 July 2013 . 1085 . Glenn Lazarus . Leader of the Palmer United Party in the Senate . PARTY OFFICE HOLDERS Palmer United Party .
  135. Dio Wang Elected Senator Whip for Palmer United Party . 4 May 2014 . 9 September 2014 . Palmer United Party.
  136. Web site: 27 August 2013 . 31 August 1901 . 8 . Australian Town and Country Journal . Sydney . The Commonwealth Parliament .
  137. Web site: 28 August 2013 . 22 November 1907 . 8 . The Advertiser . Adelaide . A New Leader .
  138. Web site: 28 August 2013 . 27 November 1908 . 3 . The Northern Miner . Charters Towers, Qld . Federal Items .
  139. Web site: 27 August 2013 . 25 May 1901 . 14 . Australian Town and Country Journal . Sydney . Political Items .
  140. Web site: 27 August 2013 . 20 May 1901 . 6 . The Argus . Melbourne . Government "Whip" .
  141. Web site: 13 August 2013 . 22 June 1909 . 5 . The West Australian . Federal Politics: The Government Policy .
  142. Web site: 13 August 2013 . 15 November 1916 . 4 . The Mercury . Hobart . The Federal Crisis: Definite Labor Split, a New Development, New Hughes Ministry .
  143. Web site: 28 August 2013 . 11 February 1923 . 1 . Sunday Times . Perth . The New Ministry and Government "Whips"—Fresh Faces Bar Three .
  144. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 1 July 1926 . 3685–86 . . . LEADER OF THE OPPOSITION -WHIPS .
  145. Web site: 28 August 2013 . 8 May 1931 . 7 . Morning Bulletin . Rockhampton, Qld . Unity Achieved .
  146. Web site: 28 August 2013 . 8 November 1938 . 3 . The Courier-Mail . Brisbane . Mr. Lyons' New Secretary: Brother of Noted Cricketer .
  147. Web site: 22 August 2014 . 9 October 1941 . 4 . Kalgoorlie Miner . Kalgoorlie, WA . Opposition Ballots, Mr. Menzies Resigns as U.A.P Leader .
  148. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 19 November 1981 . 2408 . . ORDER OF BUSINESS .
  149. Commonwealth of Australia . Senate . 22 December 1989 . 2578 . Paul McLean . Australian Democrats Whip . PETITIONS Smoking and Tobacco Products Advertisements (Prohibition) Legislation .
  150. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Bourne, Victoria Worrall (1954–) .
  151. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Allison, Lynette (1946–) .
  152. Web site: 28 August 2013 . Trove . National Library of Australia . Australian Parliamentary Library . Bartlett, Andrew .

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