| Chiang Peng-chien Kang Pêng-kian | |
| Honorific-Suffix: | MLY |
| Smallimage: | 江鵬堅委員.jpg |
| Order1: | 1st Chairperson of the Democratic Progressive Party |
| Term Start1: | 28 November 1986 |
| Term End1: | 20 December 1987 |
| Predecessor1: | Position established |
| Successor1: | Yao Chia-wen |
| Order2: | Member of the Control Yuan |
| Term Start2: | 1 September 1996 |
| Term End2: | 31 January 1999 |
| Order3: | 4th Secretary-General of the Democratic Progressive Party |
| Term Start3: | September 1992 |
| Term End3: | December 1993 |
| Order4: | Member of the Legislative Yuan |
| Term Start4: | 25 January 1995 |
| Term End4: | 31 January 1996 |
| Predecessor4: | David Hou |
| Constituency4: | Republic of China (Democratic Progressive Party list) |
| Term Start5: | 1 February 1984 |
| Term End5: | 31 January 1987 |
| Constituency5: | Taipei |
| Birth Date: | 1940 4, df=yes |
| Birth Place: | Daitōtei, Taihoku Prefecture, Japanese Taiwan |
| Death Place: | Taipei, Taiwan |
| Nationality: | Republic of China |
| Party: | Democratic Progressive Party |
| Alma Mater: | National Taiwan University |
| Occupation: | Politician |
| Profession: | Lawyer |
Chiang Peng-chien (; 25 April 1940 – 15 December 2000) was a Taiwanese politician who was a co-founder and the first chairperson of the Democratic Progressive Party. Chiang was elected a member of the Legislative Yuan in 1983 and became a member of the Control Yuan in 1996.
Chiang Peng-chien was born April 25, 1940, in Daitōtei, Taihoku Prefecture, Japanese-era Taiwan. His father was a shoemaker from Fujian, China.[1]
In 1955, Chiang entered the Taipei Municipal Jianguo High School. He was then accepted to National Taiwan University, majoring in law. After graduation, he passed the bar examination in 1964.[2] Chiang began practicing law after earning his master's degree.
Chiang founded the Taiwan Association for Human Rights. On Human Rights Day in 1979, members of the Formosa Magazine and other Tangwai pro-democracy advocates went on a demonstration. Many of the participants were arrested by the government and tried in military court. Chiang defended Lin Yi-hsiung, one of the Kaohsiung Eight.[3]
Chiang became involved in politics and supported the Tangwai movement. He was elected a member of the Legislative Yuan in 1983.[4] In September 1986, about 130 pro-democracy advocates, including Chiang, gathered at the Grand Hotel in Taipei to establish the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). On November 10, 1986, he was elected the first chairperson of the party.[4]
In 1994, Chiang was a candidate for the DPP's nomination in the 1994 Taipei mayoral election. He competed against legislators Chen Shui-bian and Frank Hsieh and lost.[5] He returned to the Legislative Yuan in January 1995,[6] replacing David Hou as an at-large legislator on the DPP party list. In 1996, Chiang became a member of the Control Yuan. He worked to prevent any activities associated with black gold and actively investigated sensitive cases involved with former political oppression.[4]
Chiang died in December 2000 of pancreatic cancer.[3] His widow Peng Feng-mei donated his writings and books to the Academia Historia for display.[7]