| Cherkasy Oblast | |
| Native Name: | Черкаська область |
| Native Name Lang: | uk |
| Official Name: | Cherkaska oblast[1] |
| Nickname: | Ukrainian: Шевченків край |
| Settlement Type: | Oblast |
| Flag Alt: | Flag of Cherkasy Oblast |
| Shield Alt: | Coat of arms of Cherkasy Oblast |
| Mapsize: | 275px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Parts Type: | Largest cities |
| Parts Style: | para |
| P1: | Cherkasy, Uman, Smila, Zolotonosha |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | January 7, 1954 |
| Seat Type: | Administrative center |
| Seat: | Cherkasy |
| Leader Title: | Governor |
| Leader Name: | Ihor Taburets[2] |
| Leader Title1: | Oblast council |
| Leader Name1: | 84 seats |
| Leader Title2: | Chairperson |
| Leader Name2: | Anatoliy Pidhornyy |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 20903 |
| Area Rank: | Ranked 18th |
| Population Total: | 1160744 |
| Population Rank: | Ranked 15th |
| Population As Of: | 2022 |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Annual growth |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | GDP |
| Demographics1 Footnotes: | [3] |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Total |
| Demographics1 Info1: | ₴ 131 billion (€3.396 billion) |
| Demographics1 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics1 Info2: | ₴ 112,145 (€2,903) |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Raions |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 4 |
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Hromadas |
| Blank1 Info Sec1: | 66 |
| Blank2 Info Sec1: | 66 |
| Timezone1: | EET |
| Utc Offset1: | +2 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | EEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +3 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 18-20xxx |
| Area Code Type: | Area code |
| Area Code: | +380 47 |
| Iso Code: | UA-71 |
| Registration Plate Type: | Vehicle registration |
| Registration Plate: | CA |
| Blank Name Sec2: | FIPS 10-4 |
| Blank Info Sec2: | UP01 |
| Website: | www.oda.ck.ua www.rada.gov.ua |
Cherkasy Oblast (Ukrainian: Черкаська область|Cherkaska oblast, pronounced as /uk/), also referred to as Cherkashchyna (Ukrainian: Черкащина, pronounced as /uk/) is an oblast (province) in central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Cherkasy. The current population of the oblast is
Spanning, Cherkasy Oblast is the 18th largest oblast of Ukraine, comprising about 3.5% of the area of the country. The south flowing Dnieper River with the hilly western bank and the plain eastern bank divides the oblast into two unequal parts. The larger western part belongs to the Dnieper Upland. The low-lying eastern part of the oblast used to be subject to the frequent Dnieper flooding before the flow of the river became controlled by multiple dams of Hydroelectric Power Plants constructed along the river in the 20th century.
The oblast extends for 245 km from south-west to north-east, and for 150 km from north to south. The northernmost point of the oblast is located is near the village of Kononivka in Zolotonosha Raion (district), the southernmost point near the village of Kolodyste in Zvenyhorodka Raion, the westernmost point near the village of Korytnya in Uman Raion, and the easternmost point near the village of Stetsivka in Cherkasy Raion. The geometric centre of the oblast is located near the village Zhuravky of Horodyshche Raion. The oblast borders Kyiv Oblast to the north, Kirovohrad Oblast to the south, Poltava Oblast to the east, and Vinnytsia Oblast to the west.
See main article: History of Cherkasy Oblast.
Cherkasy Oblast was created as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on 7 January 1954 by the ukase of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. On 26 April 1954 the ukase was approved by the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.
The oblast's territory was the major cities of Cherkasy, Smila and Uman, their corresponding raions (districts), as well as 30 former raions of the Vinnytsia, Kyiv, Kirovohrad and Poltava Oblasts.
Archaeological discoveries have shown that people have inhabited the valley of the Dnieper River since time immemorial. The oldest objects excavated on the territory of the region date back to the Stone Age – the Palaeolithic period.
See main article: article and Administrative divisions of Cherkasy Oblast. Since July 2020, Cherkasy Oblast is administratively subdivided into 4 raions (districts). These are further divided into 66 hromadas (communities).
The following data incorporates the number of each type of administrative divisions of Cherkasy Oblast:
The local administration of the oblast is controlled by the Cherkasy Oblast Rada. The governor of the oblast is the Cherkasy Oblast Rada speaker, appointed by the President of Ukraine.
Since July 2020, Cherkasy Oblast consists of four raions:
| Flag | Coatof arms | Name | Ukrainian Name | Administrative center | Area (km2) | Population estimate 2021[4] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cherkasy Raion | Черкаський район | Cherkasy | 6,878.0 | 583,648 | |||
| Уманський район | Uman | 4,528.3 | 247,847 | ||||
| Zolotonosha Raion | Золотоніський район | Zolotonosha | 4,246.1 | 135,445 | |||
| Zvenyhorodka Raion | Звенигородський район | Zvenyhorodka | 5,278.5 | 193,804 | |||
| Total Oblast | Черкаська область | Cherkasy | 20,903 | 1,160,744 |
The region has 16 populated places designated as cities (towns). The only one with the population over 100 thousands is Cherkasy. Uman and Smila are in the range between 80 and 90 thousands, and all others are below 30 thousands.
The current estimated population is 1,335,064 (as of 2006).
According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, the oblast's population is almost equally divided between the urban and rural areas (53.7% and 46.3%, respectively).[5] The demographic situation in this largely agricultural territory is somewhat complicated by population ageing.[6]
By ethnic composition, Ukrainians represent the overwhelming majority of the oblast's population (93.1%).[7] Ethnic Russians are the second group of population (5.4%), and are concentrated mainly in the city of Cherkasy.
0-14 years: 13.4% (male 87,557/female 82,340)
15-64 years: 69.1% (male 417,426/female 457,390)
65 years and over: 17.5% (male 72,835/female 147,711) (2013 official)
total: 41.7 years
male: 38.4 years
female: 45.0 years (2013 official)
The economy of the Cherkasy Oblast is largely dominated by agriculture. While the winter wheat and sugar beets are the main products grown in the oblast, barley, corn, tobacco and hemp are also grown. Cattle breeding is also important.
The industry is mainly concentrated in Cherkasy, the oblast's capital and the largest city. A chemical industry was developed in the city in late 1960s in addition to machine building, furniture making and agricultural processing.
See also: Romanization of Ukrainian. Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласний центр|translit=oblasnyi tsentr). The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Cherkasy is the center of the Cherkaska oblast (Cherkasy Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Cherkasy Oblast, Cherkashchyna.
There are 5 universities in the region: