The Chemins de Fer de Provence is a small rail company providing a daily train service between Nice and Digne-les-Bains in Provence. Their single remaining route, which dates from the 1890s and known locally as the Train des Pignes, is a metre-gauge railway, mostly single-track with passing loops at some stations. Between Pont-de-Gueydan and Saint-Sauveur-sur-Tinée the line runs through the valley of the Var. Most stops are upon request only and some do not have a built platform.
Construction of the meter gauge line began in 1890 followed by a partial opening in 1892. Construction ended on 3 July 1911 and conceded to Sud-France. Lines from Nice stretched to Grasse, Puget-Théniers (opened in 1892), Digne (opened in 1911) and Annot.
After World War II, the line to Meyrargues closed and almost took the entire network with it. The Chemins de Fer de Provence closed the Gare du Sud in December 1991 and moved its terminating services to Nice CP.
On 5 November 1994 flooding of the river Var cut the line in several places and forced upon the line a total closure. A new bridge at Gueydan was built and the reopening of the line occurred on 12 April 1996.
The remaining line is 151km (94miles) long. It comprises 27 tunnels, including the 3457adj=midNaNadj=mid Tunnel de la Colle Saint-Michel. The exit of the tunnel, Dignes-side, is at an elevation of 1023m (3,356feet).
The railway's terminus in Nice was until 1991 at Gare du Sud and since then Gare de Nice CP. The station is the terminus of a (metre gauge) railway from Digne-les-Bains.
In Digne there was also a former railway line to Grenoble (standard gauge) operated by the SNCF. The SNCF had its own station building opposite the CP station.
In Digne the former station of the CP is no longer used. The narrow gauge track and the ticket service are moved to the former SNCF station building.
See main article: 2014 Chemins de Fer de Provence derailment. On 8 February 2014, a passenger train was struck by a falling boulder near Annot and derailed. Two people were killed and nine injured.
The railway line is not part of the Société nationale des chemins de fer (SNCF). It is owned by the Syndicat Mixte Méditerranée Alpes, SYMA, who received its concession for ninety-nine years in 1972. The SYMA is a grouping of several authorities (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Alpes-Maritimes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Nice and Digne-les-Bains). It is presided by Gérard Piel, vice-président of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur région and delegate of transport of Antibes. Service of the railway is assured by the CFTA, a subsidiary of Veolia Transport.
The workforce numbers 135.
Passenger service is provided between Nice and Digne-les-Bains as well as a more frequent urban service between Nice and Plan-du-Var. Steam trains are operated during the summer season between Puget-Théniers and Annot. A postal service is also operated.
The main workshop for maintenance and repairs is in Nice-Lingostière. There are additional facilities at Puget-Théniers.
Currently the CP has the following rolling stock:
| No. | Wheels Arr. | Builders Details | Date Built | Date out of service | Notes. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T61-T66 | Bo'Bo' | B et L[1] | 1950 | ? | T66 was acquired from the Swiss Chemins de fer du Jura (CJ). Only T62 and T66 are still in service. |
| BB1200 | B'B' | Henschel | 1966 | - | Acquired second-hand from Spanish FEVE. Former FEVE-class 1400. Rebuilt by CFD. |
| BB401, BB402 | B'B' | 1962 | ? | Diesel locomotive. | |
| DU012, DU102 | B | 1993 | - | Draisine | |
| 11 | B | 1945 | ? | Shunter bought second hand from Chemin de Fer du Blanc-Argent (BA). | |
| 51 | D | 1948 | ? | Shunter | |
| 490 | B | Berry | 1957 | ? | Shunter |
| No. | Wheels Arr. | Builders Details | Date Built | Date out of service | Notes. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 211-212 | Billard | 1939 | ? | Design A150D. Bought from C.F.D. du Vivarias in 1968. Class X200. | |
| 223-224 | Billard | 1939 | ? | Design A150D2. Bought from C.F.D. du Vivarias in 1968. | |
| ZM1+ZR1-ZM10+ZR10 | B et L | 1935 | ? | For the section from Toulon to St. Tropez and St. Raphael. Sold to a railway in Spain. | |
| ZM11+ZR11-ZM14+ZR14 | B et L | 1938 | ? | For the section from Toulon to St. Tropez and St. Raphael. Sold to a railway in Spain. | |
| X301-X304 | CFD[2] | 1971-1972 | - | Numbered SY01-SY04 until 1984. | |
| X305-X306 | CFD | 1977 | - | Numbered SY05-SY06 until 1984. | |
| X307 | ? | 1975 | ? | Acquired from Chemins de Fer de Corse (CFC) in 2009. Original number X2003. | |
| ZZ1-ZZ6 | Renault | 1935 (1-2), 1936 (3-6) | ? | Class ABH1. ZZ2 and ZZ6 are still in service. Class X320. | |
| ZZ7-ZZ12 | Renault | 1942 | ? | Class ABH5. | |
| X351+X1351 | Soulé-Garnéro | 1984 | - | Withdrawn in 2008 after a fire, but completely reconstructed by Safra in 2012 and returned to service.[3] | |
| CFD-Bagnères | 2010 | - | 4 ordered trainsets (DMU-2). Type AMP 800. Identical to AMG 800 of CFC. | ||
| No. | Wheels Arr. | Builders Details | Date Built | Date out of service | Notes. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| XR1331, XR1332 | Billard | ? | RL1-RL2 acquired in 1955. Design R210D2. | ||
| XR1333 | ? | RL3 acquired in 1959. | |||
| XR1334, XR1335 | ? | RL4-RL5 purchased from CFD du Tarn in 1964. | |||
| XR1336, XR1337 | ? | Rl6-RL7 were acquired from Vivarais in 1969. | |||
| XR1341-XR1344 | 1912 | ? | Originally numbered as A521-A524, later renumbered in AT1-AT4. | ||
| XR1371, XR1372 | 1948 | Acquired from Appenzeller Bahn in 2004. | |||
| XR1376 | Acquired from CJ. | ||||
| No. | Wheels Arr. | Builders Details | Date Built | Date out of service | Notes. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D 273, D 61 | Closed car. | ||||
| E 216, 221, 223, 226, 230 | 2 | Open car. | |||
| F 259-263 | Maintenance ballast car. | ||||
| F 301-303 | Maintenance ballast car. | ||||
| G 205-214 | Closed car. | ||||
| K 233-238 | 2 | Flat car. | |||
| L 239-246 | Flat car. | ||||
| R 247-254, 257 | Flat car. | ||||
| U 265 | Special car. | ||||
| U 267-270 | Snow plough. | ||||
| Y 271 | . | Special car. | |||
Abbreviations:Sources: