Russian NBC Protection Troops explained

Unit Name:Troops of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence
Native Name:Войска радиационной, химической и биологической защиты Вооружённых сил Российской Федерации (Войска РХБ защиты ВС РФ)
Type:CBRN defense
Dates:13 November 1918 – present
Command Structure:Ministry of Defense
Specialization:Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence
Current Commander:General Lieutenant Igor Kirilov
Battles:Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War
Identification Symbol Label:Flag

The Troops of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence[1] of the Russian Armed Forces (Russian: Войска радиационной, химической и биологической защиты Вооружённых сил Российской Федерации (Войска РХБ защиты ВС РФ)|Voyska radiatsionnoy khimicheskoy i biologicheskoy zashchiti Vooruzhyonn'kh sil Rossiyskoy Federatsii (Voyska RKhB zashchiti VS RF)) are an organisation designed to reduce the losses of the Ground Forces and ensuring their combat tasks assigned during operations in conditions of radioactive, chemical and biological contamination, as well as at enhancing their survivability and protection against high-precision and other weapons.

History

In 1944, the Red Army's Chemical Troops had 19 brigades (14 technical and 5 chemical protection). After the end of World War II, most of them were disbanded.

General Major Vladimir Pikalov (promoted to Colonel General by 1975) commanded the Chemical Troops of the Ministry of Defence from March 1968 to December 1988. He was in charge of the specialised military units at the site of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant disaster. Pikalov arrived at the scene on the afternoon of 26 April 1986, and assumed command of the specialised military units there.[2] General Pikalov was later made a Hero of the Soviet Union for his actions there.

Among the 23 brigades of the Chemical Troops in the late 1980s were the 1st (at Shikhany-2 (Vol'sk-18), two kilometres from Shikhany, in the Saratov Oblast of the Volga Military District, 2nd Brigade at Teikovo in the Moscow Military District, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 12th, 16th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 25th, 26th, 27th, and the 28th (28-ма окрема бригада радіаційного, хімічного, біологічного захисту) located in Severodonetsk in the Kyiv Military District.

In 1992, the Chemical Troops within the Russian Armed Forces were renamed the NBC Protection Troops.

Structure and tasks

The basis of the NBC Protection Troops are multifunctional separate NBCP brigades which have subunits capable to perform all NBC protection activities. The Russians know them as Radiological, Chemical and Biological (RChB) troops. They often work within a combined arms army. Their main tasks include:

The NBC Protection Troops are organised for both conduct of hostilities using nuclear, biological and chemical weapons and without them and includes:

The NBCP Troops are developing as dual-purpose forces, able to solve tasks both in war and peace times, in the aftermath of accidents and disasters in industrial facilities hazardous radiatively, chemically and biologically. Further build-up of their capacity is realized by creating a modern system to identify and assess the extent and effects of weapons of mass destruction, integrated with automated control systems of troops and weapons and stable functioning in the NBC threat environment and strong electronic countermeasures. In addition, there is a process to equip formations, units and subdivisions of NBCP with new, highly effective means of NBC reconnaissance, individual and collective defence, technical means of reducing the visibility and masking, flame-throwing incendiary weapons, as well as to introduce improved materials, formulations, methods and technical means of decontamination.[3] [4]

As of 2019, the commander of the NBC Protection Troops is Lieutenant General Igor Kirilov[5]

The 395th Independent Test Aviation Squadron which supports the NBCP Troops is based at Bagay-Baranovka in Saratov Oblast.

Hardware

What follows is a partial list as of November 2018 of military hardware available to the Russian NBCP troops:[4]

Units

See also

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Troops of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence. https://web.archive.org/web/20220120123042/https://eng.mil.ru/en/structure/forces/ground/structure/rhbz.htm. dead. Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. 20 January 2022 . 2 July 2023.
  2. [Zhores Medvedev]
  3. Web site: NBC Protection Troops. Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. 28 November 2017.
  4. Web site: Russian NBC troops armed with new hardware | November 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2018 | Archive News year. 16 November 2018 .
  5. Web site: Kocharyan . Stepan . 11 March 2019 . Russian NBC Protection Troops commander in Armenia on working visit . 2022-08-24 . ArmenPress . en.