Chebotaryov (masculine) or Chebotaryova (feminine) is a Russian surname.It is also spelled "Chebotarov", "Chebotarev", "Tschebotaröw", "Чеботарёв" (Russian), "Чоботарьов" (Ukrainian).Notable people with the surname include:
Gleb Aleksandrovich Chebotaryov (1913–1975), who was a professor and the director of the Institute of Theoretical Astronomy as well as president of IAU's Commission 20