| Charlotte County | |
| Native Name: | Comté de Charlotte |
| Native Name Lang: | fr |
| Settlement Type: | County |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Canada |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | New Brunswick |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 1785 |
| Named For: | Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Land Km2: | 3,426.97 |
| Population As Of: | 2016 |
| Population Total: | 25,428 |
| Population Density Km2: | 7.4 |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Pop 2011-2016 |
| Population Blank1: | 4.2% |
| Population Blank2 Title: | Dwellings |
| Population Blank2: | 13,513 |
| Timezone: | AST |
| Utc Offset: | −04:00 |
| Timezone Dst: | ADT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | −03:00 |
| Coordinates: | 45.1667°N -116°W |
| Area Code: | 506 |
Charlotte County (2016 population 25,428[1]) is the most southwestern county of New Brunswick, Canada.
It was formed in 1784 when New Brunswick was partitioned from Nova Scotia[2] and named for Queen Charlotte. Once a layer of local government, the county seat was abolished with the New Brunswick Equal Opportunity program in 1966. Counties continue to be used as census subdivisions by Statistics Canada.
Located in the southwestern corner of the province, bordering the US state of Maine, Charlotte County is at the northern end of the Appalachian Mountains, which gives it a rugged terrain that includes Mount Pleasant. The St. Croix, Magaguadavic, and Digdegaush rivers drain into the Bay of Fundy. The county includes the large, populated islands of Grand Manan, White Head, Deer Island, and Campobello.
Eighteen per cent of the workforce is employed in aquaculture. Connors Bros., the largest sardine canning facility in North America, is located in Blacks Harbour. Cooke Aquaculture is an Atlantic salmon farming company, founded and headquartered in St. George. A paper mill, operated by JD Irving, is in Utopia, and Flakeboard Co. Ltd. operates outside of St. Stephen. Ganong Bros., Canada's oldest chocolate company, maintains its factory in St. Stephen.
Governance is in the form of New Brunswick municipalities in the case of the towns of St. Andrews, St. George, and St. Stephen, the villages of Grand Manan and Blacks Harbour, and the rural community of Campobello Island. The remaining parts of the county are administered as local service districts of the Southwest New Brunswick Regional Service Commission, except Clarendon, which is part of RSC 11 in neighbouring Sunbury County.
As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Charlotte County had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of 3418.24km2, it had a population density of in 2021.[3]
| Official name | Designation | Area: km2 (sq mi) | 2016 population | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| St. Stephen | Town | 13.52km2 | 4,415 | |
| Grand Manan | Village | 152.77km2 | 2,360 | |
| St. Andrews | Town | 8.35km2 | 1,786 | |
| St. George | Town | 16.17km2 | 1,517 | |
| Saint George | Parish | 2,141 | ||
| Pennfield | Parish | 2,170 | ||
| Saint Stephen | Parish | 1,839 | ||
| Saint David | Parish | 1,529 | ||
| Saint James | Parish | 1,186 | ||
| Fundy Bay | LSD | 60.24 | 1,167 | |
| Dennis-Weston | LSD | 43.94 | 1,023 | |
| Blacks Harbour | Village | 9.06km2 | 894 | |
| Campobello Island | Rural community | 39.67km2 | 872 | |
| West Isles | Parish | 797 | ||
| Lepreau | Parish | 707 | ||
| Saint Patrick | Parish | 689 | ||
| Saint Croix | Parish | 657 | ||
| Dufferin | Parish | 573 | ||
| Saint Andrews | Parish | 553 | ||
| Western Charlotte part B | LSD | 28.97 | 534 | |
| Western Charlotte part A | LSD | 162.3 | 435 | |
| Dumbarton | Parish | 335 | ||
| Beaver Harbour | LSD | 2.25 | 277 | |
| Grand Manan | Parish | 145 | ||
| Clarendon | Parish | 63 |
| Canada Census Mother Tongue - Charlotte County, New Brunswick | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| Year | Responses | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | ||||||
| 23,850 | 4.9% | 94.96% | 580 | 5.2% | 2.31% | 50 | 10.0% | 0.21% | 570 | 12.9% | 2.27% | ||||||||
| 25,015 | 2.4% | 95.53% | 610 | 7.0% | 2.33% | 55 | 120.0% | 0.21% | 505 | 26.3% | 1.93% | ||||||||
| 25,625 | 1.8% | 96.26% | 570 | 15.6% | 2.14% | 25 | 28.6% | 0.10% | 400 | 90.5% | 1.50% | ||||||||
| 26,100 | 0.2% | 96.59% | 675 | 23.9% | 2.50% | 35 | 22.2% | 0.13% | 210 | 16.0% | 0.78% | ||||||||
| 26,150 | n/a | 96.89% | 545 | n/a | 2.02% | 45 | n/a | 0.17% | 250 | n/a | 0.93% | ||||||||
Hydroelectric dams operate in St. George and St. Stephen at Milltown, though the latter is currently being decommissioned.