Charlie Phillips (photographer) explained

Charlie Phillips
Birth Name:Ronald Phillips
Birth Date:22 November 1944
Birth Place:Kingston, Jamaica
Nationality:British
Occupation:Photographer
Notable Works:Notting Hill in the Sixties
How Great Thou Art

Ronald "Charlie" Phillips (born 22 November 1944), also known by the nickname "Smokey",[1] is a Jamaican-born restaurateur, photographer, and documenter of black London. He is now best known for his photographs of Notting Hill during the period of West Indian migration to London; however, his subject matter has also included film stars and student protests, with his photographs having appeared in Stern, Harper’s Bazaar, Life and Vogue and in Italian and Swiss journals. Notable recent shows by Phillips include How Great Thou Art, "a sensitive photographic documentary of the social and emotional traditions that surround death in London's African Caribbean community".[2]

His work has been exhibited at galleries including Tate Britain, Museum of London, Nottingham's New Art Exchange, Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit[3] and Museum of the City of New York,[4] and is also in collections at The Wedge, London's Victoria & Albert Museum (V&A),[5] as well as the Tate.[6] A portrait of Phillips by photographer Aliyah Otchere was acquired by the National Portrait Gallery, London in 2021.[7]

Phillips was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2022 New Year Honours for services to photography and the arts.[8]

Early years

Born in Kingston, Jamaica, Phillips spent his early childhood with his grandparents in St Mary after his parents had migrated to Britain. He developed an early interest in naval matters: "We used to wait for the tour ships to come in and we used to try and sell them something or try and escort them somewhere or show them around Kingston harbour. At that time Kingston was a main shipping port in the Caribbean.... Every afternoon after school I used to go down to the pier and watch different ships coming in. It was the era of big immigration to England."[9] At the age of 11, Phillips too made the journey from Jamaica to England, sailing on the Reina del Pacifico, a Pacific Steam Navigation Company passenger ship: "This was a one of my most memorable experiences.... We visited different ports.... We visited Cuba, Bermuda, and I saw Santander in Spain and we ended up in Plymouth. Ever since then I've had a fascination for ships and docks and the sea."

He joined his parents in London, on 17 August 1956, and the family lived among other West Indian immigrants in Notting Hill, at the time a poor area of the capital characterised by Rachmanism and racism.[10] Phillips recalls: "We lived at number 9 Blenheim Crescent, and we had to share a room with two strangers, in what they called a double room. It was a refuge point for a lot of people who came here and didn’t have anywhere to stay at first."[11] He says: "I was an altar boy at a church called St Michael when Kelso Cochrane was buried [on 6 June 1959] – one of the biggest funerals in Notting Hill at the time. It was just after the race riots and because my parents thought there would be trouble that's the only day I didn’t go to the procession. These were the days where for coloured people it wasn't safe to walk on the street, especially when Oswald Mosley was at his peak."[12]

Phillips worked in his parents' restaurant "Las Palmas" in Portobello Road.[13] Notwithstanding early dreams to become a naval architect or an opera singer,[14] [15] he began his photographic career by accident when, while still very young, he was given a Kodak Brownie by a black American serviceman. Phillips taught himself to use it ("I bought a book from Boots on how to take photos and learnt from my mistakes")[16] and began to photograph life in Notting Hill,[17] making his prints in the family bathroom after his parents had retired to bed.

1960s–1980s

After joining the Merchant Navy for a while (serving as a galley boy and developing an interest in marine biology and maritime history), Phillips travelled widely in Europe, to Sweden, Switzerland, France and Italy. Caught up in the protest movements of the late 1960s, he took photographs of the student riots in Paris and Rome. He also took paparazzi-style pictures of celebrities including Omar Sharif, Gina Lollobrigida and Muhammad Ali. After meeting Federico Fellini, Phillips was given work as an extra in the 1969 film Satyricon. He worked as a freelance photographer for magazines — "An agency would take some of my work. You'd get two or three quid, which was survival" — and had his first exhibition in Milan in 1972, entitled Il Frustrazi[18] and portraying the lives of urban migrant workers.

Returning to London after several years, Phillips lived "a bohemian life of squats and pop festivals". Described as "A card carrying member of the 'sex, drugs and rock n roll era, he ended up at a party where he took photographs of Jimi Hendrix but ironically could get no British news editor to publish them.[19] Throughout the 1960s he documented aspects of urban life in Notting Hill and the shifts taking place in the cultural landscape, including racial integration and the birth of Carnival.[20] [21]

Throughout the 1980s, Phillips regularly took photographs that document West Indian funerals, at Kensal Green Cemetery[22] and elsewhere, which have been collected together under the title How Great Thou Art: 50 Years of Afro-Caribbean Funerals.[23] In 1988 he moved to south London and opened a diner at 131 Wandsworth High Street,[24] Wandsworth, called Smokey Joe's, which often featured in restaurant guides,[25] running it for 11 years, while building up a collection of shipping memorabilia but not pursuing his career as a photographer, demoralised by not being able to get his work published.[26]

1990s–present

Notting Hill in the Sixties

A revival of interest in the work of Charlie Phillips came with it being featured in an exhibition at the Tabernacle, Notting Hill, in 1991, coinciding with the launch of his book of photographs Notting Hill in the Sixties.[27] Introduced by writer Mike Phillips (no relation), the book includes photographs of everyday life in the area, covering poor housing conditions, musical entertainment and political activism.

The Urban Eye

Curator Paul Goodwin, speaking of the work in the 2013 exhibition Charlie Phillips: The Urban Eye (a 2014 Deutsche Börse Photography Prize nomination),[28] compared Phillips' significance to that of documentary photographers such as Markéta Luskačová, Shirley Baker and Tom Wood, saying: "Each photograph tells 'other' stories...about the rise of modern multicultural London and the migrant experience in the city."[29] Reviewing the exhibition in the Nottingham Post, Mark Patterson called it "a reminder of a London and an England that has almost been wiped out of existence by redevelopment; a country where the business-driven 'regeneration' imperative has squeezed out authenticity and local texture. And for London, read Nottingham and many other towns and cities."[30]

How Great Thou Art

Phillips' recent show, How Great Thou Art: 50 Years of African Caribbean Funerals in London,[31] opened in November 2014 at Photofusion Gallery in Brixton, curated by Eddie Otchere and Lizzy King, with support from Arts Council England's Grants for the Arts Fund.[32]

Hungry Eye magazine stated: "Photographer Charlie Phillips presents a sensitive photographic documentary of the social and emotional traditions that surround death in London’s African Caribbean community. How Great Thou Art represents a lifetime’s work by Charlie."[33] The reviewer for The Root praised the exhibition as "a collection of beautifully evocative, powerfully elegiac images", describing Phillips as "a rare breed who combines the adventurous, pioneering spirit and perennial resilience of the hardy immigrant (he came to Britain in the 1950s) with the sensitive eye of the aesthete and a longing to transmute the banal, the prosaic and the unpalatable in ordinary existence into a thing of ineffable beauty."

Accompanying the publication of a limited-edition book of the same title (successfully funded by Kickstarter),[34] How Great Thou Art has been called "a new landmark in British photography. The question of life and death and the cultural responses to death through funerals in the Caribbean community has featured sporadically in various photographic oeuvres before but no one has explored this subject in such depth and in such a participatory and embedded manner as evidenced by Charlie Phillips."[35] In The Spectator, Ian Thomson wrote: "In Phillips’s moving and often beautiful images, dating from 1962 to the present, the bereaved are seen to face the mystery of the end of life in stush black suits, spidery hat veils, Rastafari head-ties, spiffy trilbies and strictly-come-dancehall white socks.... Anyone feeling a bit like death in the run-up to Christmas should invest in a copy of How Great Thou Art — and feel revivified."[36]

In October 2023, How Great Thou Art opened in Mayfair, central London, at the Centre for British Photography, the first time a solo exhibition has been presented in main space there.[37]

Heart of the Community

Phillips is featured in the art installation by Peter Dunn commissioned by the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea on the Portobello Road north wall, in a series of photomurals celebrating key personalities, history and events of the Golborne and Portobello area over the past hundred years.[38] [39] [40]

Charlie Phillips Take Over

On 17 June 2017, Phillips was guest curator at Black Cultural Archives for the day, to celebrate the forthcoming launch of the Charlie Phillips Roots Archive.[41] [42]

Exhibitions

Notable works and recognition

Phillips' 1967 photo "Notting Hill Couple"[58] appears on the cover of the CD London Is the Place for Me Vol. 2: Calypso Kwela Highlife and Jazz from Young Black London (Honest Jon's Records).[59] [60] It also featured in Staying Power: Photographs of Black British Experience, 1950–1990s, a collaborative exhibition by Black Cultural Archives and the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A), and in the National Portrait Gallery's 2015 exhibition Face of Britain.[61] [62] In March 2016 the photograph was selected by Time Out as one of "The 40 best photos of London ever taken", and was described by the magazine as "a picture that speaks volumes about London living and loving".[63]

Publications in which his photographs are reproduced include Carnival: A Photographic and Testimonial History of the Notting Hill Carnival (Rice N Peas Books, 2014),[64] [65] which followed from a 2011 exhibition of Notting Hill Carnival photographs curated by Ishmahil Blagrove that featured work by Phillips among others at The Tabernacle.[66]

The exhibition Charlie Phillips: The Urban Eye, curated by Paul Goodwin at New Art Exchange, Nottingham, was longlisted for the Deutsche Börse Photography Prize 2014.[67]

Simon Schama, in an extract published in The Guardian from his book The Face of Britain, which features images from the National Portrait Gallery's collection, describes Phillips as "a visual poet; chronicler, champion, witness of a gone world ... one of Britain's great photo-portraitists", reproducing "Notting Hill Couple" alongside the article.

Phillips has been called: "Arguably the most important (yet least lauded) black British photographer of his generation",[68] and a January 2015 feature in Time Out London referred to him as "the greatest London photographer you've never heard of – and some of his best works are only just being discovered".[69]

In 2017, Phillips appeared on the BBC Radio 3 programme Private Passions, his musical choices including works by Verdi, Puccini, Dave Brubeck, Scott Joplin, in addition to the hymn "How Great Thou Art".[70]

In the 2022 New Year Honours, Phillips was appointed an OBE.[71]

In February 2022, Phillips headed CasildART's list of the top six Black British photographers, alongside James Barnor, Armet Francis, Neil Kenlock, Pogus Caesar and Vanley Burke.[72]

Film and television appearances

Rootical, a film by Nike Hatzidimon about Phillips' life, won the Best First Film Award at the Portobello Film Festival in 2006.[73] [74]

Phillips' life and work was covered in Neighbourhood Tales: Black And White, broadcast in October 2003, in Channel Four's Neighbourhood Tales slot.[75]

Publications

Charlie Phillips Heritage Archive project

A website featuring an online archive of Phillips' photographs, curated by Eddie Otchere and with National Lottery funding, was launched in January 2018 as part of the Charlie Phillips Heritage Archive project.[78] [79] In 2021, the Southbank Centre presented a selection of work entitled The Charlie Phillips Archive, together with a short film (which also featured Eddie Otchere).[80] [81]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Ross Shiel, "Roots to Reckoning – Charlie Phillips engages the past", Jamaica Gleaner, 9 October 2006.
  2. Web site: Charlie Phillips. How Great Thou Art. Centre for British Photography. 14 October 2023.
  3. http://www.mocadetroit.org/exhibitions/wedge.html "Becoming: Photographs from the Wedge Collection. Curated by Kenneth Montague; September 12 through December 28, 2008"
  4. Karen Rosenberg, "Glimpses of Urban Landscapes Past – ‘London Street Photography’ at Museum of the City of New York" (review), The New York Times, 26 July 2012.
  5. Web site: Charlie Phillips – Victoria and Albert Museum. V&A. 29 November 2015.
  6. Web site: Charlie Phillips – Art & Artists. tate.org.uk. 29 November 2015.
  7. Web site: NPG x201524; Charlie Phillips - Portrait - National Portrait Gallery . National Portrait Gallery, London . 25 April 2022.
  8. News: New Year’s Honours list 2022 in full: Everyone who received an MBE, OBE, CBE, knighthood and damehood. i. David. Hughes. 31 December 2021. 1 January 2022.
  9. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20131105204349/http://www.movinghere.org.uk/stories/story322/story322.htm?identifier=stories/story322/story322.htm "Charlie Phillips Story"
  10. http://www.nickyakehurst.com/photographers/CharliePhillips/biography.html Charlie Phillips page
  11. Web site: Charlie Phillips On Photography and Untold Stories. 18 September 2021. 10 April 2022.
  12. Ashleigh Kane, "Documenting London’s African Caribbean funerals", Dazed, November 2014.
  13. Web site: Charlie Phillips: The Story Behind Smokey Joe's Diner. 11 May 2021. British Library. 10 April 2022.
  14. News: Charlie Phillips: why did it take so long for one of Britain's greatest photographers to get his due?. Steve. Rose. The Guardian. 25 March 2021.
  15. Andrew Steeds, "Regrets? He’s had a few … A profile of Charlie Phillips, photographer and contributor to 100 Images of Migration", Migration Museum Project, 26 August 2015.
  16. Kraemer, Daniel, "Old school photographer Charlie Phillips tells student snappers to ‘take their art to another dimension’", East End Citizen, 23 March 2016.
  17. http://www.itzcaribbean.com/arts_charlie_phillips.php Charlie Phillips biography
  18. http://www.photofusion.org/exhibitions/how-great-thou-art-50-years-of-african-caribbean-funerals-in-london/ "How Great Thou Art – 50 years of African Caribbean Funerals in London"
  19. Ameena M. McConnell, "Charlie Phillips gets 'Rootical' in London’s Portobello Road…", APHROBRIT, 14 August 2011.
  20. http://www.artfund.org/news/2009/10/01/important-afro-caribbean-photographic-archive-acquired-for-museum-of-london-with-art-fund-help "Important Afro-Caribbean photographic archive acquired for Museum of London with Art Fund help"
  21. Web site: The other side of Notting Hill: black London through the lens of Charlie Phillips. New Histories. Lauren. Hare. 15 February 2022. 10 April 2022.
  22. http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/postcodes/places/W10/lgimg.html?s=kvhyUMsFKt7 "A Black Funeral" by Charlie Phillips
  23. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2014/jul/25/50-years-of-afro-caribbean-funerals-in-pictures "How great thou art: 50 years of Afro-Caribbean funerals – in pictures"
  24. Web site: Snapper who finally got recognition he deserves. South London Press. 15 December 2021. Toby Porter.
  25. Helen Fielding, "EATING OUT: The Caribbean cool shoulder", The Independent, 2 April 1995.
  26. Angela Cobbinah, "Charlie Phillips: Photographer", Thoughts, words and images, 25 October 2012.
  27. Charlie Phillips, Notting Hill in the Sixties (text by Mike Phillips), London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1991. .
  28. Anne Castleton, "Nine new cross-University professors appointed at UAL" (biography of Paul Goodwin, Professor of Black Art and Design), University of the Arts London, 6 January 2014. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  29. http://www.culture24.org.uk/art/photography-and-film/art432473 "A view through the Urban Eye of Charlie Phillips at Nottingham's New Art Exchange"
  30. Mark Patterson, "Art: Charlie Phillips – the Urban Eye", Nottingham Post, 25 April 2013.
  31. Web site: "How Great Thou Art" website. . 7 November 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141107130639/http://howgreatthouart.photography/ . 7 November 2014 . dead .
  32. http://www.filmsnotdead.com/2014/11/05/how-great-thou-art-50-years-of-african-caribbean-funerals-in-london-charlie-phillips-photofusion/ "How Great Thou Art: 50 Years of African Caribbean Funerals in London: Charlie Phillips, Photofusion"
  33. http://hungryeyemagazine.com/how-great-thou-art-50-years-of-african-caribbean-funerals-in-london/ "How Great Thou Art: 50 Years Of African Caribbean Funerals In London"
  34. Eddie Otchere, "Charlie Phillips presents How Great Thou Art", Kickstarter.
  35. Paul Goodwin, "The Art of Charlie Phillips", foreword in How Great Thou Art: Fifty Years of African Caribbean Funerals in London, King/Otchere Productions, 2014.
  36. Ian Thomson, "Death wears bling: the glory of London’s Caribbean funerals", The Spectator, 29 November 2014.
  37. Web site: Centre for British Photography focuses on communities for autumn exhibitions. nickyakehurst.com. 14 October 2023.
  38. https://citylivinglocallife.wordpress.com/2014/12/19/heart-of-the-community-portobello-road-arts-project-launches/ "Heart of the Community: Portobello Road Arts Project launches"
  39. http://www.rbkc.gov.uk/leisureandlibraries/culture/artsservices/portobelloroadartsproject.aspx "Peter Dunn: Heart of the Community"
  40. Peter Dunn, "Portobello Wall, Heart of the Community", ART.e @ the Art of Change – Art in the Public Domain UK.
  41. Web site: A Charlie Phillips Take Over. Shades of Noir. University of the Arts, London. 11 June 2017. 11 November 2021.
  42. Web site: Black Sound festival starts in Brixton. Black Cultural Archives. Love Lambeth News from Lambeth Council. 16 June 2017. 11 November 2021.
  43. http://www.mapart.net/charlie_phillips/ Charlie Phillips – Postcards
  44. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140203204300/http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/files/5213/7327/3815/MOLAnnualReport200506.pdf "Exhibitions at Museum of London: Roots to Reckoning, 1 October 2005 – 26 February 2006"
  45. http://www.nae.org.uk/uploads/pages-attachments/30/20130812141135-Charlie%20PhillipsFINAL.pdf "Charlie Phillips: The Urban Eye – Hidden stories in the rise of modern multicultural London"
  46. Catherine Allen, "Review: Charlie Phillips captures a forgotten Notting Hill", Nottingham Arts Blog, 12 May 2013.
  47. http://www.filmsnotdead.com/2013/10/16/charlie-phillips-shouting-from-the-sixties/ "Charlie Phillips – 'Shouting from the Sixties'"
  48. Web site: How great thou art: 50 years of Afro-Caribbean funerals – in pictures. The Guardian. 25 July 2014.
  49. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2015/feb/09/staying-power-photographs-of-black-british-experience-in-pictures "Staying Power: Photographs of Black British Experience – in pictures"
  50. News: Schama. Simon. 4 September 2015. Face value: Simon Schama on the power of portraits. The Guardian. 8 September 2015.
  51. http://www.npg.org.uk/whatson/late-shift-1/in-conversation-03122015.php "In Conversation: Charlie Phillips: The Unseen Photographs, 3 December 2015"
  52. https://insidecroydon.com/2016/01/02/photography-forum-welcomes-charlie-phillips-jan-12/ "Photography Forum welcomes Charlie Phillips, Jan 12"
  53. https://www.visitlondon.com/things-to-do/event/46121826-how-great-thou-art-at-the-tabernacle#rYWp0Jz7CwBQeK7L.97 "How Great Thou Art at The Tabernacle"
  54. Web site: Cumming. Laura. Life Between Islands review – a mind-altering portrait of British Caribbean life through art. 31 December 2021. theguardian.com. The Guardian.
  55. Web site: Grove Survivors: by Charlie Phillips. ArtRabbit. 10 April 2022.
  56. Web site: Charlie Phillips: How Great Thou Art. MutualArt.com. 14 October 2023.
  57. Web site: Charlie Phillips » How Great Thou Art: 50 Years of African Caribbean Funerals in London Exhibition: 5 Oct – 17 Dec 2023. photography-now.com. 14 October 2023.
  58. https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1225389/notting-hill-couple-photograph-phillips-charlie/ "Notting Hill Couple"
  59. Dave Hucker, "Young, Gifted, British and Black", from The Beat, Vol. 24, No. 5, 2006.
  60. John L. Walters, "Reason and rhymes: Can design for contemporary jazz, world and experimental music have a meaningful partnership with the musical content?", Eye magazine, 63, Spring 2007.
  61. Web site: Staying Power: Photographs of Black British Experience, 1950s – 1990s. Media Diversified. 13 January 2015.
  62. News: Matthew. Ryder. The black experience: portraits of a community. The Guardian. 8 February 2015.
  63. Web site: The 40 best photos of London ever taken. 11 March 2016. Time Out London. timeout.com. 16 March 2016.
  64. Anna Lewin, "Fantastic new photobook celebrates the history of Notting Hill Carnival", It's Nice That, 22 August 2014.
  65. Ishmahil Blagrove and Margaret Busby, Carnival: A Photographic and Testimonial History of the Notting Hill Carnival (2014,), at RicenPeas.com.
  66. http://londontheme.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/photo-exhibition-laslett-carnival.html "Photography Exhibition: Laslett’s Carnival"
  67. http://bcaheritage.org.uk/bcafilmfest-salon-black-genius-revolt-and-revolution/ "#BCAFilmFest Salon: Black Genius + Revolt and Revolution"
  68. Lindsay Johns, "Photos Capture Caribbean Rituals for Memorializing the Dead", The Root, 17 November 2014.
  69. Jonny . Ensall. Out of sight. Time Out London. 27–28. 27 January–2 February 2015.
  70. Web site: Private Passions. BBC Radio 3. 20 August 2017. 10 April 2022.
  71. Web site: Finally Charlie Phillips and Horace Ové on honours list. Alt-africa.com. 13 January 2022.
  72. Web site: Top Six Black British Photographers You Should Know. CasildART. 7 February 2022. 10 April 2022.
  73. http://blackhistorystudies.wordpress.com/2012/05/11/launch-of-rootical-an-audience-with-charlie-phillips/ "Launch of ‘Rootical: An Audience with Charlie Phillips’"
  74. http://www.portobellofilmfestival.com/2006/2006report.html Portobello Film Festival Report
  75. https://web.archive.org/web/20121010211519/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/781728 "Neighbourhood Tales: Black And White (2003)"
  76. https://www.caferoyalbooks.com/notting-hill-in-the-60s-charlie-phillips-160317-600/ "Notting Hill in the 60s"
  77. http://nickyakehurst.com/photographers/CharliePhillips/portfolio1.html Charlie Phillips | "Notting Hill in the 60s"
  78. Akua Ofei, "DON’T QUIT TALK ABOUT LEGACY", A Nation of Billions, 7 January 2018.
  79. https://charliephillipsarchive.com/ "Team"
  80. https://www.southbankcentre.co.uk/whats-on/art-exhibitions/charlie-phillips-archive "The Charlie Phillips Archive"
  81. Web site: The Charlie Phillips Archive. Southbank Centre. 2 August 2021. YouTube.

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