| Honorific Prefix: | The Right Honourable |
| The Earl Cadogan | |
| Office: | Master of the Mint |
| Term Start: | 1769 |
| Term End: | 1784 |
| Predecessor: | The Viscount Chetwynd |
| Office1: | Member of Parliament for Cambridge |
| Term Start1: | 1755 |
| Term End1: | 1776 |
| Alongside1: | Viscount Dupplin, Soame Jenyns |
| Successor1: | Soame Jenyns Benjamin Keene |
| Term Start2: | 1749 |
| Term End2: | 1754 |
| Predecessor2: | Viscount Dupplin Christopher Jeaffreson |
| Alongside2: | Viscount Dupplin |
| Successor2: | Viscount Dupplin Thomas Bromley |
| Birth Name: | Charles Sloane Cadogan |
| Birth Date: | 29 September 1728 |
| Death Place: | Santon Downham, Suffolk |
| Alma Mater: | Magdalen College, Oxford |
| Party: | Whig |
| Parents: | Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan Elizabeth Sloane |
| Spouse: | |
| Children: | 14 |
| Relatives: | Sir Hans Sloane (grandfather) Hans Stanley (cousin) |
Charles Sloane Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan (29 September 1728 – 3 April 1807) was a British peer and Whig politician.
Cadogan was the only son of Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan and his wife, the former Elizabeth Sloane.[1]
His maternal grandparents were Elisabeth (née Langley) Sloane and Sir Hans Sloane, 1st Baronet. Following the 1780 suicide of his cousin, Ambassador Hans Stanley (son of his maternal aunt Sarah Sloane Stanley and George Stanley of Paultons), he inherited Stanley's half of the Sloane estate.[2] [3]
Cadogan was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford.[4] [5]
From 1749 to 1754 and again from 1755, Cadogan was returned on the interest of his father-in-law, Lord Montfort, as a Member of Parliament for Cambridge until he inherited his father's title in 1776.[5] He was also appointed Keeper of the Privy Purse to Prince Edward in 1756, Surveyor of the King's Gardens from 1764 to 1769 and Master of the Mint from 1769 to 1784.[6] In 1800, he was elevated in the Peerage as 1st Viscount Chelsea and 1st Earl Cadogan.[5]
In 1774, Cadogan entered into an agreement to loan £20,500 to Sir Robert Cockburn, Sir George Colebrooke, John Stewart and John Nelson to enable the four men to purchase a 320-acre estate in St George Parish, Grenada, together with the enslaved people on the estate.[2]
In 1777 he leased 100acres of the family estate in Chelsea to architect Henry Holland for building development. Holland built Sloane Square, Sloane Street, Cadogan Place and Hans Place.[7] Lord Cadogan also served as Sloane Trustee of the British Museum from 1779 until his death in 1807.[8]
On 30 May 1747, Cadogan married Frances Bromley, a daughter of Henry Bromley, 1st Baron Montfort and the former Frances Wyndham (only daughter of Thomas Wyndham of Trent). Together, they had six children:[9]
Cadogan's first wife died in 1768, and on 10 May 1777, he married Mary Churchill, a daughter of Col. Charles Churchill and Lady Mary Walpole (a daughter of former Prime Minister Robert Walpole). Together, Mary and Charles were the parents of the following children before they divorced in 1796:[11]
Lord Cadogan died at Santon Downham, Suffolk on 3 April 1807,[5] and his titles passed to his eldest son by his first wife, Charles.[14]
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