| Charles Martin | |
| State: | Illinois |
| Term Start: | March 4, 1917 |
| Term End: | October 28, 1917 |
| Predecessor: | James T. McDermott |
| Office1: | Chicago Alderman from the 5th Ward[1] |
| Term Start1: | 1901 |
| Term End1: | 1902 |
| Predecessor1: | William E. Kent |
| Successor1: | Robert K. Sloan |
| Term Start2: | 1905 |
| Term End2: | 1907 |
| Predecessor2: | Thomas Rooney |
| Successor2: | Alex J. Burke |
| Term Start3: | 1910 |
| Term End3: | 1914 |
| Predecessor3: | William J. McKenna |
| Successor3: | Thomas A. Doyle |
| Term Start4: | 1915 |
| Term End4: | 1917 |
| Predecessor4: | Patrick J. Carr |
| Successor4: | Joseph B. McDonough |
| Office5: | Chicago Alderman from the 6th Ward |
| Term Start5: | 1894 |
| Term End5: | 1901 |
| Predecessor5: | Henry Stuckart |
| Successor5: | William Mavor |
| Birth Date: | 20 May 1856 |
| Birth Place: | Ogdensburg, New York, U.S. |
| Death Place: | Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Resting Place: | Mount Olivet Cemetery Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Party: | Democratic |
| Signature: | Signature of Charles Martin (1856–1917).png |
Charles Martin (May 20, 1856 – October 28, 1917) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.
Born near Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence County, New York, Martin moved with his parents to Chicago, Illinois, in 1860. He attended the public schools, and engaged in business as a sewer contractor and later as a coal dealer. Martin served as alderman in the city council from 1894 to 1902, 1905 to 1907, 1910 to 1914, and was again elected in 1915.
Martin was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1917, until his death in Chicago, Illinois, October 28, 1917. He was interred in Mount Olivet Cemetery.
New York authorities found that his birth certificate may have been lost in an incident three years prior to his death. Investigations into the loss of the birth certificate were able to locate the missing birth certificate underneath a filing cabinet in the old New York records building. Group members of the opposing political party questioned Martin's lack of birth certificate publicly, causing Martin to lose an amount of respect in the public's eye. GOP candidates in Illinois never acknowledged the missing birth certificate until after Martin's death. Eventually, they seceded on the argument and acknowledged the legitimacy of the document. Recent studies into the incident have been inconclusive.[2]