| Honorific-Prefix: | The Honorable |
| Charles E. Dyer | |
| Office: | for the |
| Term Start: | February 10, 1875 |
| Term End: | May 18, 1888 |
| Appointer: | Ulysses S. Grant |
| Predecessor: | James Henry Howe |
| Successor: | James Graham Jenkins |
| State1: | Wisconsin |
| State Assembly1: | Wisconsin |
| District1: | Racine 1st |
| Term Start1: | January 1, 1867 |
| Term End1: | January 1, 1869 |
| Predecessor1: | James O. Bartlett |
| Successor1: | Albert L. Phillips |
| Birth Name: | Charles Ephron Dyer |
| Birth Date: | 15 October 1834 |
| Birth Place: | Cicero, New York |
| Death Place: | Milwaukee, Wisconsin |
| Restingplace: | Mound Cemetery Racine, Wisconsin |
| Party: | Republican |
| Mother: | Ann Eliza (Morse) Dyer |
| Father: | Edward Galusha Dyer |
| Education: | read law |
| Profession: | lawyer, judge |
Charles E. Dyer (October 15, 1834November 25, 1905) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin.
Born in Cicero, New York, Dyer read law to enter the bar in 1857. He was in private practice in Sandusky, Ohio from 1857 to 1858, and in Racine, Wisconsin from 1859 to 1860, and from 1861 to 1867. He was city attorney of Racine from 1860 to 1861. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1867 to 1868, returning to private practice in Racine from 1868 to 1875.
On February 10, 1875, Dyer was nominated by President Ulysses S. Grant to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin vacated by Judge James Henry Howe. Dyer was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 10, 1875, and received his commission the same day. Dyer served in that capacity until his resignation on May 18, 1888.
Dyer was thereafter in private practice in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and general counsel to the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company from 1888 until his death on November 25, 1905, in Milwaukee.