Charles C. Wilson (architect) explained

Charles C. Wilson
Nationality:	American
Birth Date:	20 November 1864
Birth Place:	Hartsville, South Carolina
Death Place:	Columbia, South Carolina
Practice:	Wilson & Huggins, Tinsley & Wilson, Wilson & Edwards, Wilson & Wendell, Wilson, Sompayrac & Urquhart, Wilson & Sompayrac, Wilson & Berryman, Wilson, Berryman & Kennedy, Wilson & Tatum
Awards:	Fellow, American Institute of Architects (1914)

Charles C. Wilson (November 20, 1864 – January 26, 1933) was an American architect in practice in Columbia, South Carolina, from 1896 until his death in 1933.

Life and career

Charles Coker Wilson was born November 20, 1864, in Hartsville, South Carolina, to Furman Edwards Wilson, a physician, and Jane Lide Wilson, née Coker. James Lide Coker, the founder of Sonoco and Coker University, was his uncle.^[1] He was educated at South Carolina College, now the University of South Carolina, graduating in 1886 with an AB. He then joined the Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Railroad as first assistant engineer. While employed by the railroad he supervised the construction of the bridge over the Broad River at Columbia. This enabled him to pursue post-graduate study at his alma mater, and in 1888 he was awarded a degree in civil engineering from the reorganized University of South Carolina. In 1890 Wilson left the railroad to establish an independent practice in Roanoke, Virginia, which in 1891 became the partnership of Wilson & Huggins with architect H. H. Huggins. In 1893 this was dissolved, and Wilson returned to independent practice as both architect and engineer. In 1895 he briefly joined architect Walter P. Tinsley in Lynchburg, and in 1896 moved his office to Columbia, where he was appointed city engineer.^[2]

In 1899 after his retirement from that office he formed the partnership of Wilson & Edwards with William Augustus Edwards, an employee since 1893. Wilson then left the office under Edwards' management and went to Paris, where he studied in the Beaux-Arts atelier of Henry Duray, a patron popular with American students. In 1900 he returned to the United States and in 1902 dissolved his partnership. His year in Paris had a major influence on his work, which for the rest of his career exhibited the formal principles of Beaux-Arts architecture.^[2] During the next several years he was assisted by Joseph F. Leitner, though they were not partners. In 1905 he formed the new partnership of Wilson & Wendell with Henry Ten Eyck Wendell, but this was dissolved after a year.^[2] In 1907 he completed the South Carolina State House, originally begun in 1851, and formed a longer-lived partnership, Wilson, Sompayrac & Urquhart, with Edwin D. Sompayrac and James B. Urquhart. Urquhart withdrew in 1910, but Wilson & Sompayrac continued until its dissolution in 1919.^[3] Wilson & Sompayrac served as supervising architects for the Palmetto Building, designed by Julius Harder and completed in 1913.^[2]

From his Columbia office Wilson became the leading architect in South Carolina and developed a practice that extended north into North Carolina and Virginia and south into Alabama, Florida and Georgia.^[1] In 1918 Wilson established a branch office in Gastonia, North Carolina, under the management of Hugh Edward White, and in 1919 a third office was established at Wilson under the management of George R. Berryman. In 1923 the new partnership of Wilson & Berryman was formed,^[4] and expanded in 1924 as Wilson, Berryman & Kennedy to include J. Robie Kennedy.^[5] In 1925 the branch offices at Gastonia and Wilson were closed and new ones opened at Charlotte and Raleigh. These too were closed in 1927 when the partnership of Wilson, Berryman & Kennedy was dissolved. In 1929 Wilson formed his last partnership, Wilson & Tatum, with Harold Tatum, a Philadelphian in practice in Columbia since 1920. This lasted until Wilson's death, after which Tatum chose to continue his practice in Charleston.^[2]

Wilson was an important figure in the professionalization of architecture in the Carolinas.^[2] In 1893 he joined the Southern chapter of the American Institute of Architects (AIA), which soon faltered but is seen as a major step in the professionalization of architecture in the larger South.^[6] In 1905 he formally joined the AIA, and was chief mover behind the establishment of both the South and North Carolina chapters. He served as the first president of the South Carolina chapter. For his efforts he was elected a Fellow of the AIA in 1914. In 1917, when a licensure law for architects was passed by the South Carolina legislature, Wilson was appointed to the board of architecture examiners by governor Richard Irvine Manning III.^[7] He was a member of this board until his death. He was an author of the South Carolina school building code in 1923 and the state building code in 1932.^[2] He was also a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers.^[7]

Personal life

Wilson was married in Columbia in 1889 to Adeline Selby, daughter of Julian Selby. They had three daughters, one of which died in infancy. He was a Democrat and was a deacon and treasurer of the First Presbyterian Church of Columbia.^[1]

Wilson died January 26, 1933, in Columbia at the age of 68.^[1]

Legacy

A number of his works are listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places.

Architectural works

All dates are date of completion.

Wilson & Huggins, 1891–1893

• 1896 – Fincastle Baptist Church (former), 45 E Main St, Fincastle, Virginia^[8]

Charles C. Wilson, 1893–1895

• 1895 – First Presbyterian Church, 234 E Main St, Rock Hill, South Carolina^[9]

Tinsley & Wilson, 1895–1896

• 1896 – Central Graded School, 414 W Market St, Anderson, South Carolina^[10]

Wilson & Edwards, 1896–1902

• 1897 – Japonica Hall, S Main St, Society Hill, South Carolina^[11]
• 1897 – Thomas Memorial Baptist Church, 308 W Main St, Bennettsville, South Carolina^[12]
• 1900 – Ebenezer Lutheran Chapel remodeling, 1301 Richland St, Columbia, South Carolina^[13]
• 1900 – Masonic Temple, 1425 Main St, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]
• 1901 – Steward's Hall, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]
• 1904 – First Baptist Church, 325 Lauderdale St, Selma, Alabama^[14]

Charles C. Wilson, 1902–1905

• 1902 – Bank of Georgetown Building, Front and Broad Sts, Georgetown, South Carolina^[12]
• 1903 – Jerome Hotel, 1301 Main St, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]
• 1903 – Park in the Pines, Aiken, South Carolina^[12]

Wilson & Wendell, 1905–1906

• 1907 – Coppin Hall, Allen University, Columbia, South Carolina^[15]
• 1907 – Neville Hall, Presbyterian College, Clinton, South Carolina^[16]

Charles C. Wilson, 1906–1907

• 1907 – First Baptist Church, 1020 Boundary St, Newberry, South Carolina^[12]
• 1908 – First Baptist Church, 104 E Home Ave, Hartsville, South Carolina^[17]
• 1908 – Woodrow Memorial Presbyterian Church, 2221 Washington St, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]

Wilson, Sompayrac & Urquhart, 1907–1910

• 1908 – Bethel Park Methodist Church, 25 Beech Ave, Denmark, South Carolina^[12]
• 1908 – Winyah Indigo School, 1200 Highmarket St, Georgetown, South Carolina^[18]
• 1909 – Davis College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]
• 1910 – Barnwell College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]
• 1910 – J. L. Coker Company Building, 111 E Carolina Ave, Hartsville, South Carolina^[19]
• 1910 – Davidson Hall, Coker University, Hartsville, South Carolina^[20]
• 1910 – Lydia Plantation, 703 W Lydia Hwy, Lydia, South Carolina^[21]

Wilson & Sompayrac, 1910–1919

• 1911 – Mount Zion Presbyterian Church, 4544 Manville St Charles Rd, Bishopville, South Carolina^[22]
• 1911 – Port Royal School, 1214 Paris Ave, Port Royal, South Carolina^[23]
• 1912 – Bank of Bishopville Building, 140 N Main St, Bishopville, South Carolina^[24]
• 1913 – Bouchier Building, 1722–1724 Main St, Columbia, South Carolina^[25]
• 1913 – Logan Elementary School, 815 Elmwood Ave, Columbia, South Carolina^[26]
• 1913 – Memorial Hall, Coker University, Hartsville, South Carolina^[27]
• 1913 – Palmetto Building, 1400 Main St, Columbia, South Carolina^[2]
• 1913 – Thornwell College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]
• 1914 – Latta Library, 101 N Marion St, Latta, South Carolina^[12]
• 1914 – Woodrow College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]
• 1915 – House of Peace Synagogue (former), 1000 Hampton St, Columbia, South Carolina^[12]
• 1916 – Camden Public Library (former), 1314 Broad St, Camden, South Carolina^[12]
• 1916 – David R. Coker house, 213 E Home Ave, Hartsville, South Carolina^[17]
• 1917 – First National Bank Building, 168 W Main Ave, Gastonia, North Carolina^[28]
• 1919 – St. Paul United Methodist Church, 102 E Butler Ave, Saluda, South Carolina^[12]

Charles C. Wilson, 1919–1923

• 1919 – Joseph H. Separk house, 209 W Second Ave, Gastonia, North Carolina^[29]
• 1920 – Providence Methodist Church, 4833 Old State Rd, Holly Hill, South Carolina^[30]
• 1921 – Farmers Commercial Bank Building, 100 W Main St, Benson, North Carolina
• 1923 – Siler City High School (former), 101 S Third Ave, Siler City, North Carolina^[31]
• 1924 – City Hospital (former), 401 N Highland St, Gastonia, North Carolina^[32]

Wilson & Berryman, 1923–1924

• 1923 – Braswell Memorial Library (former), 344 Falls Rd, Rocky Mount, North Carolina^[33]

Wilson, Berryman & Kennedy, 1924–1927

• 1925 – Carroll School of Fine Arts, Limestone University, Gaffney, South Carolina^[12]
• 1925 – Hamrick Hall of Science, Limestone University, Gaffney, South Carolina^[12]
• 1925 – Sanford High School (former), 507 N Steele St, Sanford, North Carolina^[34]
• 1926 – Greenwood High School (former), 857 S Main St, Greenwood, South Carolina^[35]
• 1926 – Andrew Jackson Hotel, 223 E Main St, Rock Hill, South Carolina^[12]
• 1926 – Johnson Hall, Meredith College, Raleigh, North Carolina^[1]
• 1926 – Planters Building, 312 N Chestnut St, Lumberton, North Carolina^[36]
• 1928 – Halifax Medical Center, 303 N Clyde Morris Blvd, Daytona Beach, Florida^[1]

Charles C. Wilson, 1927–1929

• 1927 – Granberry Hall, Limestone University, Gaffney, South Carolina^[12]
• 1929 – Pine Street Elementary School, 500 S Pine St, Spartanburg, South Carolina^[37]
• 1929 – St. Luke's Hospital, 330 Carolina Dr, Tryon, North Carolina^[1]

Wilson & Tatum, 1929–1933

• 1932 – United States Post Office, 248 Market St, Cheraw, South Carolina^[12]

Notes and References

1. "Wilson, Charles Coker" in The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography 33 (New York: James T. White & Company, 1947): 340-341.
2. Encyclopedia: Wilson, Charles C. (1864-1933). Wells. John E. . North Carolina Architects and Builders: A Biographical Dictionary. North Carolina State University Libraries. Raleigh, North Carolina.
3. "Personals" in American Architect 115, no. 2255 (March 12, 1919): 389.
4. "Personals" in American Architect 123, no. 2416 (March 28, 1923): 14.
5. "Architects" in American Contractor 5, no. 6 (February 9, 1924): 28.
6. Paula Mohr, "Architecture" in The South: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of American Regional Cultures, ed. Rebecca Mark and Rob Vaughan (Westport: Greenwood Press, 2004): 20.
7. "Charles C. Wilson" in History of South Carolina 4, ed. Yates Snowden (Chicago and New York: Lewis Publishing Company, 1920): 182-183.
8. "Wilson, Charles Coker" in The Virginia Architects, 1835–1955: A Biographical Dictionary, ed. John E. Wells and Robert E. Dalton (Richmond: New South Architectural Press, 1997): 482-483.
9. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118996757 First Presbyterian Church Inventory–Nomination Form
10. "Tinsley, Walter P." in The South Carolina Architects, ed. John E. Wells and Robert E. Dalton (Richmond: New South Architectural Press, 1992): 180.
11. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118997611 Japonica Hall Inventory–Nomination Form
12. "Wilson, Charles Coker" in The South Carolina Architects, ed. John E. Wells and Robert E. Dalton (Richmond: New South Architectural Press, 1992): 209-219.
13. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118996588 Ebenezer Lutheran Chapel Inventory–Nomination Form
14. https://fbcselma.org/about/history/ Our History
15. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118998472 Waverly Historic District Inventory–Nomination Form
16. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118998095 Thornwell–Presbyterian College Historic District Inventory–Nomination Form
17. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118995972 East Home Avenue Historic District Inventory–Nomination Form
18. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118997789 Winyah Indigo School Inventory–Nomination Form
19. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118997600 J. L. Coker Company Building Inventory–Nomination Form
20. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118997604 Davidson Hall, Coker College Inventory–Nomination Form
21. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118997615 Lydia Plantation Inventory–Nomination Form
22. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118998105 Mt. Zion Presbyterian Church Inventory–Nomination Form
23. https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/14000163 Port Royal School Inventory–Nomination Form
24. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118996276 Bishopville Commercial Historic District Inventory–Nomination Form
25. https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/14000875 Columbia Commercial Historic District Registration Form
26. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118996629 Logan School Inventory–Nomination Form
27. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118997617 Memorial Hall Inventory–Nomination Form
28. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/47720377 First National Bank Building Inventory–Nomination Form
29. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/47720385 York-Chester Historic District Inventory–Nomination Form
30. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118998284 Providence Methodist Church Inventory–Nomination Form
31. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/47719569 Siler City High School Inventory–Nomination Form
32. Web site: Heather Fearnbach . City Hospital-Gaston Memorial Hospital . National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory . March 2011. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office . 2014-11-01.
33. Engineering and Contracting (March, 1923): 82.
34. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/47718131 Former Sanford High School Inventory–Nomination Form
35. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/118997936 Old Greenwood High School Inventory–Nomination Form
36. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/47721950 Planters Building Inventory–Nomination Form
37. https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/16000731 Pine Street Elementary School Inventory–Nomination Form