Charaxes tectonis explained

Charaxes tectonis, the mountain silver-barred charaxes, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Nigeria and Cameroon.[1] The habitat consists of sub-montane and montane forests.

Subspecies

Related species

Historical attempts to assemble a cluster of presumably related species into a "Charaxes jasius Group" have not been wholly convincing. More recent taxonomic revision,[3] corroborated by phylogenetic research, allow a more rational grouping congruent with cladistic relationships. Within a well-populated clade of 27 related species sharing a common ancestor approximately 16 mya during the Miocene, 26 are now considered together as The jasius Group.[3] One of the two lineages within this clade forms a robust monophyletic group of seven species sharing a common ancestor approximately 2-3 mya, i.e. during the Pliocene,[4] and are considered as the jasius subgroup.[3] The second lineage leads to 19 other species within the Jasius group, which are split into three well-populated subgroups of closely related species.

The jasius Group (26 Species):[3]

Clade 1: jasius subgroup (7 species)

Clade 2: contains the well-populated three additional subgroups (19 species) of the jasius Group: called the brutus, pollux, and eudoxus subgroups.[3]

Further exploration of the phylogenetic relationships amongst existing Charaxes taxa is required to improve clarity.

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Afrotropical Butterflies: File H - Charaxinae - Tribe Charaxini . 2012-05-23 . 2013-11-09 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131109071734/http://atbutterflies.com/downloads/nymphalidae_charaxini.doc . dead .
  2. Darge, P. 1977 Un nouveau Charaxes orophile de République Unie de Cameroun: Charaxes druceanus nebularum, n. subsp. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de Mulhouse 1977 (Jan-Mar): 9-12.
  3. Book: Turlin, B.. Butterflies of the World: Charaxes 1. Goecke & Evers. 2005. 3937783156. Keltern. 2–3. Bauer & Frankenbach. 22.
  4. http://www.nymphalidae.net/Aduse-Pokuetal2009.pdf/ "Out of Africa again: A phylogenetic hypothesis of the genus Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) based on five gene regions"