Chandelure Explained

Chandelure
Series:Pokémon
Firstgame:Pokémon Black and White (2010)
Designer:Ken Sugimori
Voice:EN

Faye Mata (Detective Pikachu game)[1]
JP: Misato Fukuen[2]

Species:Pokémon
Lbl21:Type
Data21:Ghost and Fire

Chandelure, known in Japan as, is a Pokémon species in Nintendo and Game Freak's Pokémon media franchise. Designed by Ken Sugimori, they were introduced in the video games Pokémon Black and White. Chandelure is the evolved form of Lampent and the final evolution of Litwick. Since their initial appearance, they have appeared in multiple games including Pokkén Tournament and Pokémon Unite.

Classified as both a Ghost and Fire-type Pokémon, Chandelure typically gives off the appearance of a ghostly chandelier with large, round eyes, a stitched mouth, purple flames, and swingable arms. Their rarer "shiny" form has orange instead of purple flames. In-game entries suggest that Chandelure is capable of using their flames to hypnotize and/or burn the spirits of opponents, cursing them to wander aimlessly.

The overall reception of Chandelure is mixed despite being considered a "fan-favorite" Pokémon. Critics state that the Litwick family line is uncreative because they take the form of inanimate objects, using criticisms also applied to other "object-based" Pokémon like Klefki. Supporters argue that Chandelure is amongst the most popular Pokémon, citing that its design is not comparable to other object Pokémon. Many of them consider it to be powerful gameplay-wise and praise its "cute" exterior and creepiness factor based on in-game entries of it. Its reveal in Pokkén Tournament as a playable character came as a surprise to many fans, but upon release of the game, it received positive receptions for its in-game potential despite not taking a traditional humanoid form typical of fighting games.

Conception and design

Chandelure is a fictional species of Pokémon created for the Pokémon franchise. Developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo, the series began in Japan in 1996 with the release of the video games Pokémon Red and Blue for the Game Boy.[3] In these games, the player assumes the role of a Pokémon Trainer whose goal is to capture and train Pokémon. Players use the creatures' special abilities to combat other Pokémon, and some can transform into stronger species through a process called evolution.[4] A major goal in each game is to complete the Pokédex, a comprehensive Pokémon encyclopedia,[5] by capturing, evolving, and trading to obtain individuals from all Pokémon species.[4]

Chandelure, known in Japanese as "Shandera",[6] is the final stage of the Ghost and Fire-type Litwick family line, of which Chandelure evolves from the middle stage lamp Pokémon Lampent.[7] Whereas Litwick evolves into Lampent after gaining enough experience, the latter evolves into Chandelure through use of the "Dusk Stone" item.[8] As a Ghost and Fire-type Pokémon measuring 3 ft 3 in (99 cm) tall,[9] its form is of a ghostly chandelier with large, round eyes and a stitched mouth.[10] The flames present in Chandelure are normally purple-colored,[11] consistent with what is observed in that of Litwick.[12] Rarer "shiny" forms of Chandelure have orange flames, which differ from the teal flame of the first-stage Litwick and the pink flame of the middle stage Lampent.[11] The species also has swingable arms with flames, which it can use to hypnotize its opponents.[13] Pokédex entries of the Litwick family suggest capabilities of soul consumption of their victims, with Chandelure burning their souls and cursing them to become restless.[7]

According to the concept artist Ken Sugimori, the Litwick family originally started off as a flame-candle-lamp evolutionary chain. He disliked the original idea and later remade the candle form as the first stage Pokémon Litwick.[14] One possible hint at the origin of Chandelure is from a chandelier within the Game Freak company's office space at Carrot Tower, which Junichi Masuda did not directly disprove as being a possible inspiration.[15] Chandelure's concept may have also derived from tsukumogami, or mythical spirits in Japanese folklore that possess tools.[16]

Appearances

Chandelure made its debut in the Pokémon Black and White mainline games, reappearing in subsequent mainline titles.[10] For the Pokémon Scarlet and Violet games, it is only available via The Teal Mask DLC.[17] It has also appeared in the trading card game, most notably in the Halloween-themed "Trick or Trade Booster Packs" in 2022 and 2023.[18] [19] Chandelure is available in Pokémon Go,[20] Pokkén Tournament,[21] and Pokémon Unite.[22] The Pokkén Tournament director Haruki Suzaki explained his inclusion of Chandelure as a playable character as wanting a morphologically diverse roster.[23] It also appears in Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, appearing as a trophy in the former and as a "spirit" in the latter.[24]

Outside of the games, Chandelure also made an appearance in several Pokémon anime episodes of the season, its debut occurring in the episode "Battle for the Underground!" as a Pokémon belonging to the character Ingo.[25] Misato Fukuen is credited for voicing Ingo's Chandelure in the Pokémon anime series in Japanese while the English dub voice actor is unconfirmed.[2] It was also one of the featured Ghost-type Pokémon in the music video for the song "Ghost Dive" as performed by the Japanese rock band Polkadot Stingray.[26]

Promotion and reception

Chandelure has officially been featured in several forms of merchandise, although they are primarily intended for Japanese markets. The Pokémon has been included as figurines,[27] plush toys,[28] and cards for the Pokémon Trading Card Game.[29] Motifs of Chandelure have been used in the 2013 merchandise set that includes lacquers, lamps, and accessory stands.[30] As part of the official "Pokémon Fairy Tale" merchandise set in 2022, Chandelure is also featured as an LED light that has an iron base and is said to be usable as a reading light.[31]

Overall opinions of Chandelure have varied from highly negative to highly positive mainly on the bases of its design as an "object" Pokémon and its gameplay attributes. The design and naming conventions of the species have been criticized by writers of several publications, especially in earlier years. For instance, Kyle Hilliard, writing for Game Informer, expressed his confusion that the Litwick line is recognized as a legitimate Pokémon line, that he felt that they better fit the Harry Potter franchise.[32] Digital Spy author Sam Loveridge similarly expressed his dislike for the ghost Pokémon line due to them being "horror cliches".[33] Brittany Vincent of GamesRadar+ also criticized the design of Chandelure, and though she acknowledged the lore of the Pokémon, she still considered it to be just a furniture piece.[34] TheGamer writer Johnny Garcia acknowledged criticisms of Chandelure's design but instead expressed disapproval at it due to its apparent in-game frailness.[35]

Chandelure has also been met with positive receptions. While Destructoid co-writer Wes Tacos criticized "object-based" designs, he reacted positively to Chandelure, citing that he found its "dumb and silly design" as a chandelier to be amusing.[36] Chandelure was repeatedly reported by gaming site journalists as being a popular Pokémon in terms of both gameplay and design to the point where it is considered a "fan-favorite".[37] [38] [39] In a 2020 poll by The Pokémon Company, Chandelure was selected as being the best Pokémon from the Pokémon Black and White games.[40] In a 2023 Japanese poll with over 150,000 votes, Chandelure placed third in the popular Pokémon ranking,[41] which TheGamer writer Joshua Robertson stated was a surprising result.[42] Nicholas Fujii, writing for Comic Book Resources, praised Chandelure's design, citing that its association with chandeliers and haunted houses helped make the design feel more natural than other "object Pokémon" such as Klefki.[43] Madeline Virtue of Dualshockers called Chandelure amongst the best Pokémon designs due to it "look[ing] very much alive" and "cool" in spite of it being an object Pokémon as well as the usage of its coloring schemes to effectively communicate the Pokémon species' "spookiness" and dual typing.[44] The coloring schemes of the shiny variant of Chandelure in comparison received varied reactions, as some writers praised the orange colors of its flames while some others criticized it for being "boring" compared to the regular variant's coloring.[45] [11] Kevin Slackie and Moises Taveras of the magazine Paste expressed praise for the Pokédex entries of Chandelure consuming and cursing souls, citing it as an instance of ghost Pokémon "never disappoint[ing]" in the creepiness factor.[46]

Adam Snavely, writing for DotEsports, also highlighted the design, citing it as being the "rare" cute and friendly-looking object-based Pokémon with a logical evolutionary line and strong in-game stats. He considered the Litwick family to be the "Ghost Starter [line] that we never got."[47] Eric Switzer, writing for TheGamer, heavily praised its design, stating that despite disliking Chandelure at first due to his inherent bias against object Pokémon to the extent that he failed to understand why his nephew considered it his favorite Pokémon over other popular choices, he grew to love it due to its personality and lore, most notably shown off via its appearance in Pokémon UNITE. Donald Theriault of Nintendo World Report expressed that Chandelure is his favorite Pokémon due to how powerful it is in the mainline games as well as its ominous-looking design. He anticipated the release of Pokkén Tournament so that he could play as the chandelier Pokémon.[48] Many other fans expressed surprise at the reveal of Chandelure for Pokkén Tournament, given that its inclusion is subversive to typical humanoid forms of playable fighting game characters.[49] Kotaku reviewer Mike Fahey posed curiosity regarding why Chandelure was picked over other popular Pokémon but considered it to be amongst the playable characters with superb gameplay qualities for Pokkén Tournament.[50] Similarly, Ryan Bates of GameRevolution praised it for its in-game ranged and aerial capabilities, noting that he did not initially expect to have "started [his] love affair with Chandelure" going into the game.[51] VentureBeat writer Willie Clark praised Chandelure's inclusion in Pokkén Tournament, highlighting that it, as an untraditional fighting game character, helped define the game's essence, capturing the "wild and crazy fun" spirit of the Pokkén world.

External links

Notes and References

  1. I voice Chandelure, Lapras, Minun, Pansage, Snubbull, some Volbeats, and some other addtl voices in #DetectivePikachu ! As a #Pokemon fan, I'm overjoyed to be a part of this, and as a #Pokken fan, even more excited to voice Chandelure in something. Thank you, @NintendoAmerica! . 977238180247232512 . FayeMata . Faye Mata.
  2. Web site: 【美少女戦士セーラームーン】ちびうさ/セーラーちびムーン（2代目）の声優・福圓美里さんについて . 声優情報局 . Japanese . 2018-04-10 . 2024-02-25 . 2024-02-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240225135034/https://voice-actor.net/sailormoon-tibiusa-voice-actor/ . live .
  3. Pokémon Red & Blue – A Look Back At The 20-Year Journey To Catch 'Em All . . Hilliard . Kyle . December 25, 2016 . January 22, 2024 . October 1, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231001192920/https://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2016/12/25/pok-233-mon-red-amp-blue-a-look-back-at-the-20-year-journey-to-catch-em-all.aspx . dead .
  4. Book: Allison, Anne . Millennial Monsters: Japanese Toys and the Global Imagination . May 2006 . University of California Press . 9780520938991 . 192–197.
  5. . February 2003 . 165 . 102 . Pokémon Ruby and Pokémon Sapphire Preview.
  6. Web site: Ashcraft. Brian. 15 January 2016. One of the Last Pokémon You'd Expect in a Fighting Game. Kotaku. https://web.archive.org/web/20221225111154/https://kotaku.com/one-of-the-last-pokemon-youd-expect-in-a-fighting-game-1753130630. 25 December 2022. 24 February 2024.
  7. Web site: Friend. Devin Ellis. 6 January 2023. Pokémon's Most Existentially Terrifying Pokédex Entries. Screen Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20230710144511/https://screenrant.com/pokemon-terrifying-pokedex-entries-gothitelle-beheeyem-chandelure/. 10 July 2023. 24 February 2023.
  8. Web site: Solorzano. Sergio. 6 June 2020. Pokémon Sword & Shield: How To Find & Evolve Litwick Into Chandelure. TheGamer. https://web.archive.org/web/20240224144546/https://www.thegamer.com/pokemon-sword-shield-find-evolve-location-litwick-chandelure/. 24 February 2024. 24 February 2024.
  9. Web site: Chandelure - Pokédex. Pokemon.com. 25 February 2024. 5 December 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231205160331/https://www.pokemon.com/us/pokedex/chandelure.
  10. Web site: Bramlett. Samuel William. 5 January 2023. Pokemon Fan Builds Incredible Chandelure Chandelier. Game Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20230105132719/https://gamerant.com/pokemon-chandelure-chandelier/. 5 January 2023. 24 February 2024.
  11. Web site: Christopher. Michael. 22 December 2020. Pokemon: The 10 Worst Shiny Ghost-Types. TheGamer. https://web.archive.org/web/20221014020120/https://www.thegamer.com/pokemon-worst-shiny-ghost-types/. 14 October 2022. 24 February 2024.
  12. Web site: Lowthian. Declan. 13 March 2022. Pokémon: The 5 Best Object Pokémon (& The 5 Worst). Comic Book Resources. https://web.archive.org/web/20230226133121/https://www.cbr.com/pokemon-the-best-object-pokemon-the-worst/. 26 February 2023. 24 February 2024.
  13. Web site: Black. Grace. 28 June 2022. 10 Best Inanimate Object Looking Pokémon, Ranked. Screen Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20220709081626/https://screenrant.com/best-inanimate-object-pokemon-ranked/. 9 July 2022. 24 February 2024.
  14. Ken. Sugimori. Takao. Unno. Yusuke. Ohmura. April 2011. [Designs of Generation V Pokémon II]. Nintendo Dream. 204. ja.
  15. Hilliard. Kyle. 27 February 2018. The History Of Pokémon. Game Informer. https://web.archive.org/web/20240118173001/https://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2017/12/31/the-history-of-pokemon.aspx. 18 January 2024. 23 February 2024.
  16. Web site: Ashcraft. Brian. 9 August 2016. A Haunted Sandcastle Pokémon Exists, It Seems. Kotaku. https://web.archive.org/web/20210126193124/https://kotaku.com/a-haunted-sandcastle-pokemon-exists-in-sun-and-moon-1785018709. 26 January 2021. 25 February 2024.
  17. Web site: Lee. Julia. 15 September 2023. How to evolve Lampent into Chandelure in Pokémon Scarlet and Violet: The Teal Mask. Polygon. https://web.archive.org/web/20231219212530/https://www.polygon.com/pokemon-scarlet-violet-guide/23875244/evolve-lampent-chandelure-teal-mask-dusk-stone. 19 December 2023. 24 February 2024.
  18. Web site: Simelane. Smangaliso. 30 September 2022. Every Card in the Pokemon Trick or Trade Booster Packs. Game Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20230106020830/https://gamerant.com/every-card-pokemon-trick-or-trade-booster-packs-gengar-mewtwo/. 6 January 2023. 24 February 2024.
  19. Web site: D'Amato. Lee. 16 August 2023. Pokémon TCG Trick or Trade BOOster Bundle 2023 - Preorders, Cards, Price. Screen Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20230902025307/https://screenrant.com/pokemon-tcg-booster-bundle-2023-preorders-price-cards/. 2 September 2023. 24 February 2024.
  20. Web site: Lee. Julia. 6 July 2021. Pokémon Go guide: How to get Unova Stones. . https://web.archive.org/web/20240116144303/https://www.polygon.com/pokemon-go-guide/22545502/unova-stone-evolutions-best-use-item-list. 16 January 2024. 24 February 2024.
  21. Web site: Clark. Willie. 15 March 2016. Pokkén Tournament takes Pokémon somewhere new: the fringe of fan fiction. VentureBeat. https://web.archive.org/web/20240224150244/https://venturebeat.com/games/pokken-tournament-takes-pokemon-somewhere-new-the-fringes-of-fan-fiction/. 24 February 2024. 24 February 2024.
  22. Web site: Switzer. Eric. 30 April 2023. I Finally Get Why Chandelure Is Such A Great Pokemon. TheGamer. https://web.archive.org/web/20230603121900/https://www.thegamer.com/chandelure-pokemon-unite-moves-ghost/. 3 June 2023. 24 February 2024.
  23. Web site: ja. 12 May 2016. 【インタビュー】『ポッ拳』開発者が語る誕生秘話…90年代格闘ゲームのドキドキワクワクをもう一度. インサイド. https://web.archive.org/web/20230915040038/https://www.inside-games.jp/article/2016/05/12/98566_2.html. 15 September 2023. 25 February 2024.
  24. Web site: Arrieta Jr.. Michael Eugene. 29 October 2022. Pokemon Fan Carves Impressive Chandelure Design on Pumpkin for Halloween. Game Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20221029012753/https://gamerant.com/pokemon-chandelure-carved-pumpkin-halloween/. 29 October 2022. 24 February 2024.
  25. Battle for the Underground!. Pokémon. Atsuhiro Tomioka (writer). Various. January 7, 2012. . 48.
  26. Web site: 10 October 2023. POLKADOT STINGRAY's "Ghost Dive" animated Pokémon music video is ghost-type wickedness. JROCK NEWS. https://web.archive.org/web/20231014045358/https://jrocknews.com/2023/10/polkadot-stingrays-ghost-dive-animated-pokemon-music-video-is-ghost-type-wickedness.html. 14 October 2023. 24 February 2024.
  27. 30 October 2023. 【ポケモン】天然石風の台座で佇むジラーチやハクリュー、ニンフィアたちの姿が美しいインテリアフィギュアが発売. Famitsu. https://web.archive.org/web/20231107101526/https://www.famitsu.com/news/202310/30322269.html. 7 November 2023. 27 February 2024.
  28. Web site: 23 December 2022. 「Pokémon fit」に"イッシュ地方のポケモンたち"が仲間入り！シャンデラ、バチュルら174匹が新登場. インサイド. https://web.archive.org/web/20221230024758/https://www.inside-games.jp/article/2022/12/23/142736.html. 30 December 2022. 27 February 2024.
  29. Web site: 21 January 2022. 『ポケカ』新弾「バトルリージョン」発表！デッキに1枚しか入れられない「かがやくポケモン」が新たな刺激に. インサイド. https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055450/https://www.inside-games.jp/article/2022/01/21/136377.html. 25 January 2022. 27 February 2024.
  30. Web site: 13 September 2013. ポケモンセンターにて、ゴーストタイプのポケモンをモチーフにしたグッズが続々登場. インサイド. https://web.archive.org/web/20210911063934/https://www.inside-games.jp/article/2013/09/13/70274.html. 11 September 2021. 27 February 2024.
  31. Web site: 14 October 2022. 「ポケモン」シャンデラのLEDライトなど新作グッズ登場！「超ほしい」「ブックカバー買う」. にじめん. https://web.archive.org/web/20221201065656/https://nijimen.net/topics/345856. 1 December 2022. 27 February 2024.
  32. Hilliard. Kyle. 3 April 2014. 23 Of The Weirdest Pokémon. Game Informer. https://web.archive.org/web/20230419160028/https://www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2014/04/03/23-of-the-weirdest-pokemon.aspx. 19 April 2023. 24 February 2024.
  33. Web site: Loveridge. Sam. 28 December 2016. 20 worst Pokémon designs ever, ranked. Digital Spy. https://web.archive.org/web/20231209012006/https://www.digitalspy.com/videogames/pokemon/a803638/20-worst-pokemon-designs-ever-ranked/. 9 December 2023. 24 February 2024.
  34. Web site: Vincent. Brittany. 2014. 14 Pokemon that are basically just ordinary objects with googly eyes. GamesRadar. https://web.archive.org/web/20240118154619/https://www.gamesradar.com/pokemon-are-basically-just-ordinary-objects-googly-eyes/. 18 January 2024. 24 February 2024.
  35. Web site: Garcia. Johnny. 10 September 2017. 20 AWFUL Pokémon You Need To Stop Using, Right Now. TheGamer. https://web.archive.org/web/20171001063604/http://www.thegamer.com/awful-pokemon-you-need-to-stop-using-right-now/#just-not-firey-enough. 1 October 2017. 24 February 2024.
  36. Web site: Andriessen. CJ. 2017. Let's settle this once and for all: Which Pokemon is the best?. Destructoid. https://web.archive.org/web/20230107033527/https://www.destructoid.com/lets-settle-this-once-and-for-all-which-pokemon-is-the-best/. 7 January 2023. 24 February 2024.
  37. Web site: Pokemon Scarlet And Violet - How To Evolve Lampent Into Chandelure . . James . Carr . 2024-03-21 . 2023-11-14 . March 21, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240321225245/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/pokemon-scarlet-and-violet-how-to-evolve-lampent-into-chandelure/1100-6517739/ . live .
  38. Web site: The best gen 5 Pokémon . Nathan . Ellingsworth . Pocket Gamer . 2024-03-21 . 2024-02-01 . March 29, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240329203303/https://www.pockettactics.com/gen-5-pokemon . live .
  39. Web site: Greif. Zackari. 28 August 2022. Rumored Missing Pokemon Scarlet and Violet Pokemon Would Be Big Missed Opportunity for Memes. Game Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20230321004238/https://gamerant.com/pokemon-scarlet-violet-missing-memes-chandelure-joltik/. 21 March 2023. 24 February 2024.
  40. Web site: Vartanian. Marcy. 6 May 2022. Pokémon: The 10 Most Iconic Pokémon From Generation V. Screen Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20220828080953/https://screenrant.com/pokemon-generation-v-most-iconic/. 28 August 2022. 24 February 2024.
  41. Web site: Liu. Stephanie. 30 December 2023. Meowscarada Tops Pokemon Scarlet/Violet Popularity Poll. Siliconera. https://web.archive.org/web/20231230233044/https://www.siliconera.com/meowscarada-tops-pokemon-scarlet-violet-popularity-poll. 30 December 2023. 2 June 2024.
  42. Web site: Robertson. Joshua. 29 December 2023. Meowscarada Has Been Voted Scarlet & Violet's Most Popular Pokemon In Japan. TheGamer. https://web.archive.org/web/20240225044512/https://www.thegamer.com/pokemon-scarlet-violet-meowscarada-voted-most-popular-pokemon-japan/. 25 February 2024. 25 February 2024.
  43. Web site: Fujii. Nicholas. 25 November 2023. 10 Most Memorable Pokémon Designs Of All Time. CBR. https://web.archive.org/web/20240224193729/https://www.cbr.com/pokemon-most-memorable-designs/. 24 February 2024. 24 February 2024.
  44. Web site: Virtue . Madeline . 27 August 2022 . 10 Best Designed Pokémon, Ranked . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230729215544/https://www.dualshockers.com/best-designed-pokemon/#2-10-mimikyu . 29 July 2023 . 29 July 2023 . Dualshockers.
  45. Web site: Simelane. Smangaliso. 24 August 2023. Best shiny Pokemon in each generation. Destructoid. https://web.archive.org/web/20230824195650/https://www.destructoid.com/best-shiny-pokemon-in-each-generation/. 24 August 2023. 2 June 2024.
  46. Web site: Slackie. Kevin. Taveras. Moises. 6 June 2023. The 150 Best Pokémon. Paste. https://web.archive.org/web/20230731073520/https://www.pastemagazine.com/games/pokemon/the-top-100-pokemon-of-all-time. 31 July 2023. 24 February 2024.
  47. Web site: Snavely. Adam. 17 June 2022. The best Ghost-type Pokémon of all time, ranked. Dot Esports. https://web.archive.org/web/20221012023423/https://dotesports.com/pokemon/news/the-best-ghost-type-pokemon-of-all-time-ranked. 12 October 2022. 24 February 2024.
  48. Web site: Theriault. Donald. 18 March 2016. NWR's Favorite Pokemon: Chandelure. Nintendo World Report. https://web.archive.org/web/20230831134600/https://www.nintendoworldreport.com/feature/42057/nwrs-favorite-pokemon-chandelure. 31 August 2023. 24 February 2024.
  49. Web site: 15 January 2016. Chandelure is the Craziest Pokemon Added to Pokken Tournament Yet. Game Rant. https://web.archive.org/web/20230112151129/https://gamerant.com/pokken-tournament-chandelure-pokemon-reveal/. 12 January 2023. 24 February 2024.
  50. Web site: Fahey. Mike. 18 March 2016. Pokken Tournament: The Kotaku Review. Kotaku. https://web.archive.org/web/20230928071730/https://kotaku.com/pokken-tournament-the-kotaku-review-1764966156. 28 September 2023. 24 February 2024.
  51. Web site: Bates. Ryan. 15 March 2016. Pokkén Tournament Review. GameRevolution. https://web.archive.org/web/20190429235442/https://www.gamerevolution.com/review/70078-pokken-tournament-review. 29 April 2019. 2 June 2024.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Chandelure".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.