Volksraad (Orange Free State) Explained

Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat
Coa Pic:Coat of arms of the Orange Free State.svg
Coa Res:150px
Coa Caption:Coat of arms of the Orange Free State
House Type:Unicameral
Established:1854
Disbanded:31 May 1902
Members:57[1]
Term Length:4 years
Meeting Place:Bloemfontein

The Volksraad of the Orange Free State (Afrikaans: Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat) was the unicameral parliament of the Orange Free State. It was the supreme authority of Orange Free State.[2]

Volksraad had 52-57 members representing major town and districts in the republic.[3] The members had to be of European blood, over twenty-five years old, resident in the republic for at least one year, possessed real estate of the value of £200, and never convicted of crime. The districts represented by members of Volksraad were Bloemfontein, Fauresmith, Caledon River, Winburg, Harrismith, Kroonstad, Boshof, Bethulie, Philippolis and Jacobsdal.[4]

The members were elected for four years, half of them retiring every second year. Burghers were able to vote.

The Volksraad met once a year in ordinary session in Bloemfontein. During Second Boer War, Volksraad met in Kroonstad in 1900.

Chairmen

The chairman of the Volksraad (Voorzitter van den Volksraad) was elected annually.[5]

ChairmanTook officeLeft officeNotes
Josias Philip HoffmanMarch 1854June 1854[6]
Henry HalseJune 1854?[7]
Gert Petrus Visser1855[8] ?
Lodewyk Jacobus Papenfus?-18571857-?[9]
Esaias Reynier Snijman?-18591859-?[10]
J. N. Uijs?-18601860-?[11]
Gert Petrus Visser?-1861[12] 1863-?[13]
Esaias Reynier Snijman?-18641864-?
Gert Petrus Visser?-18651865-?[14]
Hendrik Oostewald Dreyer?-18661866
Gerhardus Johannes du Toit1866?[15]
Gert Petrus Visser?-18671875-?[16]
Tobias de Villiers?-18761876-?
Gert Petrus Visser?-18771879
Tobias de Villiers18791884[17]
John G. Fraser18841896[18]
Christiaan Willem Hendrik Van Der Post1896[19] 1897[20]
Cornelius Hermanus Wessels1897[21] 1899-?
Johan Godfried LuytJune 1900June 1900Last chairman[22]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Martin . Frederick . Keltie . Sir John Scott . Renwick . Isaac Parker Anderson . Epstein . Mortimer . Steinberg . Sigfrid Henry . Paxton . John . Hunter (Librarian) . Brian . Turner . Barry . The Statesman's Year-book 1894 . Palgrave . en . 1894.
  2. Book: McCall Theal . George . History of South Africa Since September 1795 . 1908 . Swan Sonnenschein & Co. .
  3. Book: Eales . Marjory . An Annotated Guide to the Pre-Union Government Publications of the Orange Free State 1854-1910.
  4. Web site: Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad . nl . 1866.
  5. Web site: Select Constitutional Documents Illustrating South African History 1795 – 1910 – Boererate . boere.co.za.
  6. Web site: Orange Free State: Heads of State: 1854-1902 - Archontology.org . www.archontology.org.
  7. Book: Collins . W. W. . "Free Statia" or Reminiscences of a Lifetime in the Orange Free State . 1907 . Bloemfontein, O.R.C.
  8. Web site: Lloyd . Angela Read . Bridging the Divide: The Story of a Boer-British Family . Jonathan Ball . en . 2002.
  9. Web site: Muller . Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas . Oude tijden in den Oranje-Vrijstaat . Brill Archive . nl . 1907.
  10. Web site: Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad . nl . 1859.
  11. Web site: Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad . nl . 1871.
  12. Web site: Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad . nl . 1861.
  13. Web site: Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad . nl . 1864.
  14. Web site: Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad . nl . 1865.
  15. Web site: Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad . nl . 1866.
  16. Web site: Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad . nl . 1867.
  17. Web site: Boon . Martin James . The History of the Orange Free State . W. Reeves . en . 1885.
  18. Web site: Parliament of South Africa . Who's who in the Union of Parliament: Portraits and Biographies of the Members of the Two Houses of the First Parliament of the Union of South Africa . Cape Times Limited . en . 1911.
  19. Web site: Oordt . Johan Frederik Van . Onder de vierkleur: Een verhaal uit den tijd van den Jameson-inval . Hollandsch-afrikaansche uitgevers-maatschappij v/h. J. Dusseau . nl . 1899.
  20. Web site: Scholtz . Gert Daniel . Die konstitusie en die staatsinstellings van die Oranje-vry-staat, 1854-1902 ... . N. v. Swets & Zeitlinger . af . 1936.
  21. Web site: Beaufort . Willem H. de . Dagboeken en aantekeningen van Willem Hendrik de Beaufort, 1874-1918 . Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis . nl . 1993.
  22. Web site: Who's who of Southern Africa . K. Donaldson. . en . 1911.

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