| Chaîne des Alpilles | |
| Other Name: | les Alpilles |
| Country: | France |
| Region: | Bouches-du-Rhône |
| Highest: | Tour des Opies |
| Highest Location: | Eyguières |
| Elevation M: | 498 |
| Length Km: | 25 |
| Width Km: | 8 |
| Area Km2: | 171 |
The Chaîne des Alpilles (in French pronounced as /ʃɛn dez‿alpij/) is a small range of low mountains in Provence, southern France, located about 20km (10miles) south of Avignon. Alpilles literally means Little Alps.
The range is an extension of the much larger Luberon range. Although it is not high - some 498 m (1,634 ft) at its highest point - the Alpilles range stands out impressively, as it rises abruptly from the Rhône valley and from the very flat alluvial plain of Crau. The range is about 25 km long by about 8 to 10 km wide, running in an east-west direction between the Rhône and Durance rivers. The landscape of the Alpilles is one of arid limestone peaks separated by dry valleys.
The Chaîne des Alpilles is part of the territory of 15 communes:[1] Aureille, Les Baux-de-Provence, Eygalières, Eyguières, Fontvieille, Mas-Blanc-des-Alpilles, Maussane-les-Alpilles, Mouriès, Paradou, Orgon, Saint-Étienne-du-Grès, Saint-Martin-de-Crau, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, Sénas, Tarascon.
The lower slopes are planted with olive and almond trees. Kermes oaks and pines also grow there. Much of the range is bare rock or stony ground covered with scrub and maquis.
The highest parts of the range are a nature reserve inhabited by a number of rare species, including Bonelli's eagle, the Egyptian vulture and eagle owl. .
Some protohistorical settlements have been found in the Alpilles. In the very old village of Les Baux de Provence, a cave was used 8000 years ago.
The Parc Naturel Régional des Alpilles was created on January 30, 2007.[2] It covers the territory of 16 communes. The area is also under the protection of the Natura 2000 Environmental Protection Plan of the European Union.[3]
The Alpilles were immortalized in art by Vincent van Gogh, who painted many images of the Alpilles' landscapes during his time in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence on the north side of the mountains. One of the paintings was given by van Gogh to his friend Eugène Boch.[4]
Alphonse Daudet's 1885 novel Tartarin sur les Alpes, which is a sequel to the 1872 Tartarin de Tarascon, takes place in the Alpilles.