Cetacean morbillivirus explained

Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV) is a virus that infects marine mammals in the order Cetacea, which includes dolphins, porpoises and whales.[1] Three genetically distinct strains have been identified: dolphin morbillivirus (DMV), pilot whale morbillivirus (PWMV) and porpoise morbillivirus (PMV).[2] Symptoms of infection are often a severe combination of pneumonia, encephalitis and damage to the immune system, which greatly impair the cetacean's ability to swim and stay afloat unassisted.[3] [4] Since its discovery in 1987, CeMV has been responsible for numerous epizootics of mass mortality in cetacean populations.[3] Epizootics of CeMV can be easily identified by a significant increase in the number of stranded cetaceans on beaches and shores.[5]

Notes and References

  1. 10.1016/S0378-1135(99)00080-2 . Barrett . T. . Morbillivirus infections, with special emphasis on morbilliviruses of carnivores . Veterinary Microbiology . 69 . 1–2 . 3–13 . 1999 . 10515262.
  2. Bellière . E. N. . Esperón . F. . Fernández . A. . Arbelo . M. . Muñoz . M. J. . Sánchez-Vizcaíno . J. M. . 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.05.038 . Phylogenetic analysis of a new Cetacean morbillivirus from a short-finned pilot whale stranded in the Canary Islands . Research in Veterinary Science . 90 . 2 . 324–328 . 2011 . 20576281 .
  3. Guardo . G. D. . Marruchella . G. . Agrimi . U. . Kennedy . S. . Morbillivirus Infections in Aquatic Mammals: A Brief Overview . 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2005.00693.x . Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series A . 52 . 2 . 88–93 . 2005 . 15737178 . 11575/80640 . free .
  4. Stone . B. M. . Blyde . D. J. . Saliki . J. T. . Blas-Machado . U. . Bingham . J. . Hyatt . A. . Wang . J. . Payne . J. . Crameri . S.. 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00849.x . Fatal cetacean morbillivirus infection in an Australian offshore bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) . Australian Veterinary Journal . 89 . 11 . 452–457 . 2011 . 22008125 . free .
  5. News: Peterson. B.. 23 October 2013. Dolphin-killing morbillivirus arrives in South Carolina. The Post and Courier. 9 November 2013.

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