Ceratocaryum argenteum explained

Ceratocaryum argenteum, commonly known as silver arrowreed, is a species of plant in the Restionaceae family and is native to the Cape Provinces of South Africa.[1]

Description

The caespitose plants are NaNm (-2,147,483,648feet) tall and grow in coastal sands at elevations of NaNm (-2,147,483,648feet) above sea level. They flower throughout April and May. The plants release their tuberculate nut fruits in January.[2]

Ecology

Ceratocaryum argenteum has an unusual seed dispersal strategy. It employs chemical compounds to deceive dung beetles, which treat the seeds as if they were true animal fecal matter. The beetles bury the seeds.[3] This strategy of faecal mimicry is shared with another species, namely Ceratocaryum pulchrum.[4] The seeds are not consumed or gathered by rodents.[5] Their strategy of adaption to wildfires is to re-grow from seeds after such fires occur.

Distribution

This species is native to the southwestern Cape Provinces of South Africa, from Albertinia to Paarl.

Taxonomy

It is the sister species of Ceratocaryum pulchrum.

Notes and References

  1. 715769-1 . Ceratocaryum argenteum Nees ex Kunth . 5 July 2022.
  2. Linder, H. P. (2001). "Two new species of Ceratocaryum (Restionaceae)." Kew Bulletin, 465-477.
  3. Midgley, J. J., White, J. D., Johnson, S. D., & Bronner, G. N. (2015). "Faecal mimicry by seeds ensures dispersal by dung beetles." Nature Plants, 1(10), 1-3.
  4. Midgley, J. J., White, J. D. M., Scholtz, C. H., & Johnson, S. D. (2021). "Seed dispersal by dung beetles in Ceratocaryum pulchrum (Restionaceae): Another example of faecal mimicry in plants." South African Journal of Botany, 137, 365-368.
  5. Midgley, J. J., White, J. D., & Bronner, G. N. (2017). "Camera-trapping and seed-labelling reveals widespread granivory and scatter-hoarding of nuts by rodents in the Fynbos Biome." African Zoology, 52(1), 31-41.