| Location: | Raisina Hill, New Delhi, Delhi, India |
| Proposer: | Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India |
| Status: | Under construction |
| Type: | Reconstruction and renovation of administrative buildings |
| Planned Start: | September 2019 |
| Planned Finish: | 2026 (expected) |
| Caption: | Illustration explaining the proposed redevelopment at Central Vista |
| Official Website: | www.centralvista.gov.in |
Central Vista Redevelopment Project refers to the ongoing redevelopment to revamp the Central Vista, India's central administrative area located near Raisina Hill, New Delhi. The area was originally designed by Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker during British colonial rule and was retained by the Government of India after independence.
Scheduled between 2020 and 2026, the project as of 2020 aims to revamp a long Kartvyapath between Rashtrapati Bhavan and India Gate, convert North and South Blocks to publicly accessible museums by creating a new common Central Secretariat to house all ministries, a new Parliament building near the present one with increased seating capacity for future expansion, new residence and office for the vice-president and the Prime Minister near the North Block and South Block and convert some of the older structures into museums.[1]
The cost of the Central Vista Redevelopment project, which also includes a Common Central Secretariat and the Special Protection Group (SPG) building, has been estimated to be around spread over four years.[2] [3] [4] [5]
The Central Vista was first designed by architect Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker, when the capital of the British Raj was moved from Calcutta toDelhi. The Parliament building alone took six years to construct, from laying the foundation stone on 12 February 1921 to the inauguration by then Viceroy Lord Irwin on 18 January 1927. After Independence in 1947, it became the seat of the government of the new Republic. The Parliament campus was declared a heritage precinct in the 1962 Master plan of Delhi.[6]
The government statement for the new Vista development project stated “As the needs and duties of the government expanded, so did the usage of the space. However, due to the development in the area being around a century old, and the current growth and development of India, the current Central Vista has failed to keep up with the needs of the country”.[7]
The Central Vista Redevelopment Project was launched in 2019.[8] The project includes converting North and South Blocks into public museums, creating an ensemble of new secretariat buildings to house all ministries, relocating the Vice President and the Prime Minister's offices and residences near the North and South Blocks, and revamping the long Rajpath between Rashtrapati Bhavan and India Gate.[9] A new Parliament building with increased seating capacity will be built beside the older one as India aims to expand its Parliamentary membership in 2026. The project aims for completion in 2026. This plan did not include the proposed PMO as there were issues of pending land-use change and litigation. The construction of the new Parliament building was temporarily put on hold by Supreme Court of India but was released again within few days with some riders.[10]
The criteria for the competition were set by the Council of Architecture, which included no building being taller than India Gate. The project proponent or client had to seek conceptual approval from the Delhi Urban Arts Commission (DUAC). Financial decisions received clearance from the Central Vigilance Commission. Monetary allocation was provided from the Finance Ministry. Project assessment studies were done by the New Delhi Municipal Corporation (NDMC). The regulatory master plan was done by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD).[11]
In reality, instead of a call to competition, there was a Notice Inviting Tender (NIT). The difference is that in a competition the winner is awarded a prize, not a contract; in a tender, there is a firm intent and the winner receives the contract. The bidding was held in two rounds. In the first round, merit was given on possibilities and innovation. In the second round, the winner was decided based on their capacity to deliver results. The winner was decided by a jury, and the names of jury members were announced before the competition.[12]
There were six bidders in the final competition, who presented their proposal to the Central Public Works Department (CPWD), Government of India:[13]
The design contract was won by Bimal Patel led HCP Design Planning and Management Pvt. Ltd. of Ahmedabad, Gujarat in October 2019.[20] There are different components to the overall project, and the contractors for each component are to be chosen by individual bidding processes.
The project is expected to cost around over several years and to be fully completed by 2026.[21]
See main article: New Parliament House, New Delhi. A new triangular-shaped building to house the Parliament of India was built beside the existing structure as the first building under the project. The new structure is spread on area of and have a built-up area of, throughout four floors (each floor) and have a larger seating capacity than the current building as India aims to expand its parliament in 2026. The new Rajya Sabha hall has a capacity of 384 seats while the new Lok Sabha hall has 888 seats, with additional capacity up to 1272 seats for hosting joint sessions. It has digital interface systems, will consume significantly less power and serve for following 150 years[23] while the older structure will be retained as an archeological asset of the country and will be refurbished to house a museum.[24] Tata Projects won the bid to construct the building at a cost of ₹861.90 cr (₹8619 million) in September 2020 [25] and began construction in January 2021. It was inaugurated on 28 May 2023 by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi.
Under this project of the long Central Vista Avenue (renamed as Kartavya Path) was refurbished & redeveloped with construction of new bridges over canals, pedestrian underpasses, wide footpaths, new parking lots, more green areas, benches as well as trees.[26] Shapoorji Pallonji was awarded the tender for the redevelopment of the Central Vista Avenue in January 2021. They were required to complete the project within 300 days and maintain it for five years post-completion.[27] It was inaugurated on 8 September 2022 by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi.
A set of ten doughnut-shaped buildings on four plots as Secretariat will be built on either side of Kartavya Path. The height of all the buildings will be less than 42 meters (height of India Gate) and they will have 7 floors. Exteriors of all buildings will be similar to surrounding Lutyens buildings and they will be connected to each other and to the Delhi Metro network by electric people-movers in underground ways and overground buses.[28]
The existing Secretariat Building houses only 22 ministries with 41,000 employees while the rest are spread across the city of New Delhi. The new facility itself will house all the 51 ministries.[29]
Vigyan Bhavan will be demolished and a new Central Conference Center will be built.[30]
The residence of the Vice President will be relocated to a plot north of the North Block, while the residence and office of the Prime Minister will be moved to a plot south of the South Block. Bringing them both within the Central Vista will cut down on travel time and decrease traffic restrictions.[31]
The Vice President's enclave will be on a site of 15 acres, with 32 five-storey buildings at a maximum height of 15 meters. The Prime Minister's new office and residence will be on a site of 15 acres, with 10 four-storey buildings at a maximum height of 12 meters with a building for keeping Special Protection Group.[32]
The Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) will be relocated from its current home on Man Singh Road, and its role as a cultural space will be expanded. A 15-acre plot near Jamnagar House has been identified to relocate the present building. The new building will retain IGNCA's existing role as a centre for research, publication, events and training while allowing additional facilities to be added.[33] [34]
Supporters of the project have disputed labelling transformation as an erasure, but rather recognition of the sentiment that India can no longer be defined by colonial symbols. Colonial symbols will neither be destroyed nor appropriated but simply remain. The engaged architect Bimal Patel called the project a triumph of "common sense" with a simple and functional design.[35] [36] [37] He has also stated that the existing listed heritage buildings will be integrated into the project, with any new buildings will be "aesthetically harmonious" with existing buildings.[38]
The project was criticized for being built at a time when India was facing an unprecedented crisis due to Covid-19, as the money allocated for the project could have been used for controlling the pandemic.[39] [40] [41]
The project construction requires approval from the local body, which is New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) in this case. The NDMC was bypassed for the redevelopment project as that would require project to be adhered to municipal building laws. NDMC was replaced by Central Public Works Department (CPWD). A colonial law (The Government Building Act, 1899) was activated to empower CPWD. This law gives central government power to build anywhere without approval of the urban local body. Other bodies like Delhi Urban Art Commission (DUAC) were notified to treat CPWD as local body. As the CPWD was empowered, no technical drawings for any part of the project were sent to other authorities for approval including the independent environmental impact assessment as the project did not require clearance for environment, as mandated by Environment Ministry's 2006 notification on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).[42]