Central Valley Project Explained

Central Valley Project
Headerstyle:background:#eee;
Header1:General statistics
Label2:Begun
Data2:1933
Label3:Storage dams
Data3:Auburn (canceled)
Contra Loma
Folsom
Friant
Funks
New Melones
San Justo
San Luis
Shasta
Sly Park
Trinity
Whiskeytown
Label4:Additional dams
Data4:Camp Creek Diversion
County Line (unbuilt)
Keswick
Lewiston
Little Panoche
Los Baños
Nimbus
Red Bluff
O'Neill
Spring Creek
Sugar Pine
Label5:Power plants
Data5:Friant (25 MW)
Folsom minha (199 MW)
Judge Francis Carr (154 MW)
Keswick (117 MW)
New Melones (300 MW)
Nimbus (7.7 MW)
Shasta (676 MW)
Spring Creek (180 MW)
Trinity (140 MW)
William R. Gianelli (424 MW)
Label6:Canals
Data6:643.6miles
Header7:Operations
Label8:Storage capacity
Data8:13410683acre.ft
Label9:Annual water yield
Data9:7000000acre.ft
Label10:Land irrigated
Label11:Total generation capacity
Data11:2,254 MW
Label12:Total annual generation
Data12:5.18 TWh (2004)
Belowstyle:background:#ddf;

The Central Valley Project (CVP) is a federal power and water management project in the U.S. state of California under the supervision of the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). It was devised in 1933 in order to provide irrigation and municipal water to much of California's Central Valley—by regulating and storing water in reservoirs in the northern half of the state (once considered water-rich but suffering water-scarce conditions more than half the year in most years), and transporting it to the water-poor San Joaquin Valley and its surroundings by means of a series of canals, aqueducts and pump plants, some shared with the California State Water Project (SWP). Many CVP water users are represented by the Central Valley Project Water Association.

In addition to water storage and regulation, the system has a hydroelectric capacity of over 2,000 megawatts, and provides recreation and flood control with its twenty dams and reservoirs. It has allowed major cities to grow along Valley rivers which previously would flood each spring, and transformed the semi-arid desert environment of the San Joaquin Valley into productive farmland. Freshwater stored in Sacramento River reservoirs and released downriver during dry periods prevents salt water from intruding into the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta during high tide. There are eight divisions of the project and ten corresponding units, many of which operate in conjunction, while others are independent of the rest of the network. California agriculture and related industries now directly account for 7% of the gross state product for which the CVP supplied water for about half.

Many CVP operations have had considerable environmental consequences, including a decline in the salmon population of four major California rivers in the northern state, and the reduction of riparian zones and wetlands. Many historical sites and Native American tribal lands have been flooded by CVP reservoirs. In addition, runoff from intensive irrigation has polluted rivers and groundwater. The Central Valley Project Improvement Act, passed in 1992, intends to alleviate some of the problems associated with the CVP with programs like the Refuge Water Supply Program.

In recent years, a combination of drought and regulatory decisions passed based on the Endangered Species Act of 1973 have forced Reclamation to turn off much of the water for the west side of the San Joaquin Valley in order to protect the fragile ecosystem in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and keep alive the dwindling fish populations of Northern and Central California rivers. In 2017 the Klamath and Trinity rivers witnessed the worst fall run Chinook salmon return in recorded history, leading to a disaster declaration in California and Oregon due to the loss of the commercial fisheries. The recreational fall Chinook salmon fishery in both the ocean and the Trinity and Klamath rivers was also closed in 2017. Only 1,123 adult winter Chinook salmon returned to the Sacramento Valley in 2017, according to a report sent to the Pacific Fishery Management Council (PFMC) by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). This is the second lowest number of returning adult winter run salmon since modern counting techniques were implemented in 2003. By comparison, over 117,000 winter Chinooks returned to spawn in 1969.

Overview

Operations

The CVP stores about 13e6acre.ft of water in 20 reservoirs in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, the Klamath Mountains and the California Coast Ranges, and passes about 7.4e6acre.ft of water annually through its canals. Of the water transported, about 5e6acre.ft goes to irrigate of farmland, 600000acre.ft supplies municipal uses, and 800000acre.ft is released into rivers and wetlands in order to comply with state and federal ecological standards.[1] [2]

Two large reservoirs, Shasta Lake and Trinity Lake, are formed by a pair of dams in the mountains north of the Sacramento Valley. Water from Shasta Lake flows into the Sacramento River which flows to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and water from Trinity Lake flows into the Trinity River which leads to the Pacific Ocean. Both lakes release water at controlled rates. There, before it can flow on to San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean, some of the water is intercepted by a diversion channel and transported to the Delta-Mendota Canal, which conveys water southwards through the San Joaquin Valley, supplying water to San Luis Reservoir (a SWP-shared facility) and the San Joaquin River at Mendota Pool in the process, eventually reaching canals that irrigates farms in the valley. Friant Dam crosses the San Joaquin River upstream of Mendota Pool, diverting its water southwards into canals that travel into the Tulare Lake area of the San Joaquin Valley, as far south as the Kern River. Finally, New Melones Lake, a separate facility, stores water flow of a San Joaquin River tributary for use during dry periods. Other smaller, independent facilities exist to provide water to local irrigation districts.[1]

Background

The Central Valley Project was the world's largest water and power project when undertaken during Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal public works agenda. The Project was the culmination of eighty years of political fighting over the state's most important natural resource - Water. The Central Valley of California lies to the west of the Sierra Nevada Mountains with its annual run-off draining into the Pacific Ocean through the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. It is a large receding geological floodplain moderated by its Mediterranean climate of dry summers and wet winters that includes regular major drought cycles. At the time of its construction, the project was at the center of a political and cultural battle over the state's future. It intersected with the state's ongoing war over land use, access to water rights, impacts on indigenous communities, large vs. small farmers, the state's irrigation districts and public vs. private power. Its proponents ignored environmental concerns over its impacts, other than the outcome not damage the major stakeholders at that time.

The Central Valley of California has gone through two distinct culturally driven land use eras. The first was the indigenous tribal period that lasted for thousands of years. Then came the arrival of Europeans, first by the Spanish colonial model of Catholic missions and ranchos (1772–1846) was then followed by the current United States era. Due to its Mediterranean climate, the first cultural period was hunter-gatherer based. The Spanish missions' ranching and tanning business was based on the forced labor of Las Californias tribes. Spain's model of land use with the grazing of livestock for meat, wool and leather started along Alta California's coast eventually spreading inland. The U.S. era evolved from primarily ranching to large-scale plantations or more commonly known today as corporate farming that turned the Central Valley into the breadbasket of the U.S.

Following the 1848 California Gold Rush, large numbers of U.S. citizens came into the region and made attempts to practice rainfed agriculture, but most of the Central Valley land was taken up by large cattle ranchers like Henry Miller who eventually controlled 22,000 square miles of land.[3] The large-scale levee construction by Chinese workers along the Delta was where limited irrigation for orchards first started.

Following the arrival of the Transcontinental railroad, immigration from Asia and the rest of the U.S. led to growing numbers of settlers in the region. Despite the rich soils and favorable weather of the 42000sqmi Central Valley, immigrants to the valley who were unfamiliar with its seasonal patterns of rainfall and flooding began to take up irrigation practices. Farmers soon found themselves troubled by frequent floods in the Sacramento Valley and a general lack of water in the San Joaquin Valley. The Sacramento River, which drains the northern part, receives between 60 and 75% of the precipitation in the Valley, despite the Sacramento Valley covering less area than the much larger San Joaquin Valley, drained by the San Joaquin River, which receives only about 25% of the rainfall. Furthermore, cities drawing water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta faced problems in dry summer and autumn months when the inflowing water was low. In order to continue to sustain the valley's economy, there needed to be systems to regulate flows in the rivers and equally distribute water among the north and south parts of the valley.[4]

History

In 1873, Barton S. Alexander completed a report for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers that was the first attempt at creating a Central Valley Project. In 1904, the Bureau of Reclamation (then the Reclamation Service) first became interested in creating such a water project, but did not get far involved until a series of droughts and related disasters occurred in the early 1920s.[4] The State of California passed the Central Valley Project Act in 1933, which authorized Reclamation to sell revenue bonds in order to raise about $170 million for the project.[4] Unfortunately, because of insufficient money in the state's treasury and the coincidence with the Great Depression, California turned to the national government for funding to build the project. This resulted in several transfers of the project between California and the federal government, and between Reclamation and the Army Corps of Engineers. The first dams and canals of the project started going up in the late 1930s, and the last facilities were completed in the early 1970s. Other features of the project were never constructed, some lie partly finished, or are still awaiting authorization.[4]

Timeline

Dec 2 - USBR regulations stipulate that water only be given out to farmers with 160 acres of land or less - see 4-7-1944

1951 Jan 3 - CVP and state agree to keep grasslands flooded to protect migratory birds[319]

Facilities in the Sacramento Valley

Sacramento River

Shasta Division consists of a pair of large dams on the Sacramento River north of the city of Redding.[551] The Shasta Dam is the primary water storage and power generating facility of the CVP. It impounds the Sacramento River to form Shasta Lake, which can store over 4500000acre.ft of water, and can generate 680 MW of power.[552] [553] Shasta Dam functions to regulate the flow of the Sacramento River so that downstream diversion dams and canals can capture the flow of the river more efficiently, and to prevent flooding in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta where many water pump facilities for San Joaquin Valley aqueducts are located.[551] The Keswick Dam functions as an afterbay (regulating reservoir) for the Shasta Dam, also generating power.[554] [555]

The Sacramento Canals Division of the CVP takes water from the Sacramento River much farther downstream of the Shasta and Keswick Dams. Diversion dams, pumping plants, and aqueducts provide municipal water supply as well as irrigation of about 100000acres.[556] The Red Bluff Diversion Dam diverts part of the Sacramento River[557] into the 110miles Tehama-Colusa Canal, the 21miles Corning Canal and a small reservoir formed by Funks Dam.[558] Six pump plants take water from the canal and feed it to the Colusa County water distribution grid.[556]

Trinity River

Water diversions from northern rivers in the state remain controversial due to environmental damage. Trinity River Division is the second largest CVP department for the northern Sacramento Valley. The primary purpose of the division is to divert water from the Trinity River into the Sacramento River drainage downstream of Shasta Dam in order to provide more flow in the Sacramento River and generating peaking power in the process.[551] Trinity Dam forms Trinity Lake,[559] the second largest CVP water-storage reservoir, with just over half the capacity of Shasta[551] and a generating capacity of 140 MW.[560] Lewiston Dam, downstream of Trinity Dam, diverts water into the Clear Creek Tunnel,[561] which travels to empty into a third reservoir, Whiskeytown Lake on Clear Creek, a tributary of the Sacramento River, generating 154 MW of power in the process.[551] Whiskeytown Lake (formed by Clair. A Hill Whiskeytown Dam[562]) in turn provides water to the Spring Creek Tunnel, which travels into the lowermost extreme of Spring Creek, a stream that flows into Keswick Reservoir, generating another 180 MW of electricity. From there the water from the Trinity River empties into Keswick Reservoir and the Sacramento River. In 1963, the Spring Creek Debris Dam was constructed just upstream of the outlet of the Spring Creek Tunnel, to prevent acid mine drainage from the Iron Mountain Mine from continuing downstream and contaminating the river.[563]

American River

The American River Division is located in north-central California, on the east side of the Great Central Valley. Its structures use the water of the American River, which drains off the Sierra Nevada and flows into the Sacramento River. The division is further divided into three units: the Folsom, Sly Park and Auburn-Folsom South. The American River Division stores water in the American River watershed, to both provide water supply for local settlements, and supply it to the rest of the system. The dams also are an important flood control measure. Hydroelectricity is generated at Folsom and Nimbus dams, and marketed to the Western Area Power Administration.[564]

The Folsom Unit consists of Folsom Dam, its primary water storage component, and Nimbus Dam, which serves as its downstream forebay.[564] The Folsom Dam is located on the American River, and stores 1010000acre.ft of water in its reservoir, Folsom Lake. Folsom Lake covers and is located inside the Folsom Lake State Recreational Area.[565] Eight additional earth fill saddle dams are required to keep the reservoir from overflowing. The dam also generates 200 MW from three generators.[566] About 7miles downstream of Folsom Dam is the Nimbus Dam, forming Lake Natoma.[567] The dam generates 7.7 MW from two Kaplan turbines on the north side of the river. The Nimbus Fish Hatchery is located downstream of Nimbus Dam, to compensate for the two dams' destruction of American River spawning grounds.[568]

The Sly Park Unit includes Sly Park Dam, Jenkinson Lake, the Camp Creek Diversion Dam, and two diversion tunnels. The Sly Park Dam and its similarly-sized auxiliary dam form Jenkinson Lake, which covers .[569] Jenkinson Lake feeds the Camino Conduit, a 5miles aqueduct.[564] The Camp Creek Diversion Dam diverts some water from Camp Creek into Jenkinson Lake.[570]

The third unit is the Auburn-Folsom South Unit, consisting of several dams on American River tributaries. These include Sugar Pine Dam and Pipeline (supplying water to Foresthill), and the uncompleted Folsom South Canal.[571] The primary component of the unit, concrete thin-arch Auburn Dam, was to be located on the North Fork of the American, but was never built because of the significant risk of earthquakes in the area, and general public opposition to the project.[572] However, the high Foresthill Bridge, built as part of the preliminary work for Auburn Dam, still stands. County Line Dam, about 10miles south of Folsom Dam, was also never built.[571]

Facilities in the San Joaquin Valley

Delta and canal system

One of the most important parts of the CVP's San Joaquin Valley water system is the series of aqueducts and pumping plants that take water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and send it southwards to supply farms and cities.[573] The Delta Cross Channel intercepts Sacramento River water as it travels westwards towards Suisun Bay and diverts it south through a series of man-made channels, the Mokelumne River, and other natural sloughs, marshes and distributaries.[573] From there, the water travels to the C.W. Bill Jones Pumping Plant, which raises water into the Delta-Mendota Canal, which in turn travels 117miles southwards to Mendota Pool on the San Joaquin River, supplying water to other CVP reservoirs about midway.[573] A facility exists at the entrance of the pump plant in order to catch fish that would otherwise end up in the Delta-Mendota Canal.[574] A second canal, the Contra Costa Canal, captures freshwater near the central part of the delta, taking it 48miles southwards, distributing water to the Clayton and Ygnacio Canals in the process, and supplying water to Contra Loma Dam, eventually terminating at Martinez Reservoir.[575]

San Joaquin River

The CVP also has several dams on the San Joaquin River—which has far less average flow than the Sacramento—in order to divert its water to southern Central Valley aqueducts. The Friant Dam, completed in 1942, is the largest component of the Friant Division of the CVP.[576] The dam crosses the San Joaquin River where it spills out of the Sierra Nevada, forming Millerton Lake,[577] which provides water storage for San Joaquin Valley irrigators as well as providing a diversion point for a pair of canals, the Friant-Kern Canal and the Madera Canal. The Friant-Kern Canal sends water southwards through the Tulare Lake area to its terminus at Bakersfield on the Kern River, supplying irrigation water to Tulare, Fresno, and Kern counties.[576] The Madera Canal takes water northwards to Madera County, emptying into the Chowchilla River.[576] The Central Valley also consisted of 500 miles of canals, providing the city dwellers and power sales from the generation of electricity pay of the project costs.[578]

Stanislaus River

On the Stanislaus River, a major tributary of the San Joaquin, lies the relatively independent East Side Division and New Melones Unit of the CVP.[579] The sole component of the division/unit is New Melones Dam, forming New Melones Lake, which, when filled to capacity, holds nearly 2400000acre.ft of water, about equal to the storage capacity of Trinity Lake.[580] The dam functions to store water during dry periods and release it downstream into the northern San Joaquin Valley according to water demand. The dam generates 279 MW of power with a peaking capacity of 300 MW.[579] [581]

Offstream storage and aqueducts

The CVP has a significant amount of facilities for storing and transporting water on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, in the foothills of the California Coast Ranges. The West San Joaquin Division and San Luis Unit consist of several major facilities that are shared with the federal California State Water Project (SWP).[582] San Luis Dam (or B.F. Sisk Dam) is the largest storage facility, holding 2000000acre.ft of water.[582] [583] Although called an offstream storage reservoir by USBR, the reservoir floods part of the San Luis Creek valley. San Luis Creek, however, is not the primary water source for the reservoir. Downstream of San Luis Reservoir is O'Neill Forebay, which is intersected by the Delta-Mendota Canal, a separate CVP facility.[584] Water is pumped from the canal into the Forebay[585] and uphill into San Luis Reservoir, which functions as an additional water source during dry periods.[582]

Water released from San Luis and O'Neill reservoirs feeds into the San Luis Canal, the federally built section of the California Aqueduct, which carries both CVP and SWP water. The San Luis Canal terminates at Kettleman City, where it connects with the state-built section of the California Aqueduct. With a capacity of 13100cuft/s, it is one of the largest irrigation canals in the United States.[582] The Coalinga or Pleasant Valley Canal branches off the San Luis Canal towards the Coalinga area. A pair of separate dams, Los Baños Detention Dam and Little Panoche Detention Dam, provide flood control in the Los Baños area.[582] The San Luis Drain was a separate project by USBR in an attempt to keep contaminated irrigation drainage water out of the San Joaquin River, emptying into Kesterson Reservoir where the water would evaporate or seep into the ground. Because of environmental concerns, the system was never completed.[582]

The CVP also operates a San Felipe Division to supply water to of land in the Santa Clara Valley west of the Coast Ranges.[586] San Justo Dam stores water diverted from San Luis Reservoir through the Pacheco Tunnel and Hollister Conduit, which travel through the Diablo Range.[587] A separate canal, the Santa Clara Tunnel and Conduit, carries water to the Santa Clara Valley.[586]

Environmental impacts

Once, profuse runs of anadromous fish—salmon, steelhead, and others—migrated up the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers to spawn in great numbers. The construction of CVP dams on the two rivers and many of their major tributaries—namely Friant Dam and Shasta Dam—mostly ended the once-bountiful Central Valley salmon run. From north to south, the Sacramento upriver of Shasta Dam, the American upriver of Folsom Dam, the Stanislaus upriver of New Melones Dam, and the San Joaquin upriver of Mendota—have become inaccessible to migrating salmon.[588] In three of these cases, it is because the dams are too high and their reservoirs too large for fish to bypass via fish ladders. The San Joaquin River, however, had a different fate. Almost 60miles of the river is dry because of diversions from Friant Dam and Millerton Lake.[589] Even downstream of Mendota, where the Delta-Mendota Canal gives the river a new surge of water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, irrigation runoff water, contaminated with pesticides and fertilizer, has caused the river to become heavily polluted. To make matters worse, efforts by the California Department of Fish and Game to route the San Joaquin salmon run into the Merced River in the 1950s failed, because the salmon did not recognize the Merced as their "home stream".[590]

Not only on the San Joaquin River have CVP facilities wreaked environmental havoc. On the Sacramento River, Red Bluff Diversion Dam in Tehama County, while not as large or as impacting as Friant Dam, was once a barrier to the migration of anadromous fish. The original fish passage facilities of the dam continually experienced problems from the beginning of operation in 1966, and introduced species that prey on young smolt often gather at the base of the dam, which reduced the population of outmigrating juvenile salmon into the Pacific.[591] The Red Bluff Diversion Dam has since been replaced with a fish screen and pumping plant, thus allowing unimpaired passage through Red Bluff.[592] Further upstream, Keswick and Shasta Dams form total barriers to fish migration. Even out of the Central Valley watershed, the CVP's diversion of water from the Trinity River from Lewiston Dam into Whiskeytown Lake has significantly hurt the Klamath River tributary's salmon run. Over three-quarters of the river's flow is diverted through the Clear Creek Tunnel and away from the Trinity River, causing the river below the dam to become warm, silty, shallow and slow-flowing, attributes that hurt young salmon.[593] Furthermore, the Trinity Dam forms a blockade that prevents salmon from reaching about 109miles of upriver spawning grounds. In the early years of the 21st century, the Bureau of Reclamation finally began to steadily increase the water flow downstream from Lewiston Dam. While providing less water for the CVP altogether, the new flow regime allows operations to meet the line drawn by Reclamation itself in 1952 stating that at least 48% of the river's natural flow must be left untouched in order for Trinity River salmon to survive.[594] The lack of flow in the Trinity up to then was also a violation of the authorization that Congress made over the operation of the dam. The "...legislation required that enough be left in the Trinity for in-basin needs, including preservation of the salmon fishery."[595]

In the early years of the 21st century, the Bureau of Reclamation studied the feasibility of raising Shasta Dam.[596] One of the proposed heights was 18.5feet greater than its current size, thus increasing the storage capacity of Shasta Lake by 636000acre.ft. The agency also proposed a smaller raise of 6.5feet that would add 290000acre.ft.[597] Previously, a 200feet raise of the dam, increasing storage to 13890000acre.ft, was considered, but deemed uneconomical. When Shasta Dam was first built, it was actually planned to be two hundred feet higher than it is now, but Reclamation stopped construction at its present height because of a shortage of materials and workers during World War II. The raising of the dam would further regulate and store more Sacramento River water for dry periods, thus benefiting the entire operations of the CVP, and also generating additional power. However, the proposed height increase was fought over for many reasons. Raising the dam would cost several hundred million dollars and raise the price of irrigation water from Shasta Lake. It would drown most of the remaining land belonging to the Winnemem Wintu tribe—90 percent of whose land already lies beneath the surface of the lake—and flood several miles of the McCloud River, protected under National Wild and Scenic River status.[598] Buildings, bridges, roads and other structures would have to be relocated. The added capacity of the reservoir would change flow fluctuations in the lower Sacramento River, and native fish populations, especially salmon, would suffer with the subsequent changes to the ecology of the river.[597]

New Melones Dam has come under even greater controversy than Shasta Dam, mainly because of the project's conflicts with federal and state limits and its impact on the watershed of the Stanislaus River.[599] The original Melones Dam, submerged underneath New Melones Lake (hence the name New Melones Dam) is the source of one of these problems. The disused Melones Dam blocks cold water at the bottom of the lake from reaching the river, especially in dry years when the surface of the lake is closer to the crest of the old dam. This results in the river below the dam attaining a much higher temperature than usual, hurting native fish and wildlife. To solve this problem, Reclamation shuts off operations of the dam's hydroelectric power plant when water levels are drastically low, but this results in power shortages. Originally, after the dam was constructed, the State of California put filling the reservoir on hold because of enormous public opposition to what was being inundated: the limestone canyon behind the dam, the deepest of its kind in the United States, contained hundreds of archaeological and historic sites and one of California's best and most popular whitewater rafting runs.[600] Thus the reservoir extended only to Parrot's Ferry Bridge, 9miles below its maximum upriver limit, until the El Niño event of 1982–1983, which filled it to capacity within weeks and even forced Reclamation to open the emergency spillways, prompting the state and federal governments to repeal the limits they had imposed on the reservoir. Furthermore, the project allows a far smaller sustainable water yield than originally expected, and Reclamation calls the dam "a case study of all that can go wrong with a project".[601]

In response to these environmental problems, Congress passed in 1992 the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), Title 34 of Public Law 102-575, to change water management practices in the CVP in order to lessen the ecological impact on the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers. Actions mandated included the release of more water to supply rivers and wetlands, funding for habitat restoration work (especially for anadromous fish spawning gravels), water temperature control, water conservation, fish passage, increasing the service area of the CVP's canals, and other items.[602] [603] Despite the preservation of river programs, the state legislature continued to have the power to construct dams.[604]

CVP Government Library

CVP resources

See also

External links

Notes and References

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  2. Web site: California State Water Project and the Central Valley Project . California Department of Water Resources . California State Water Project . 2008-04-29 . 2010-01-18 . January 10, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100110102602/http://www.water.ca.gov/swp/cvp.cfm . dead .
  3. News: The King Of Ranchers . American Heritage . 15 September 2019.
  4. Web site: The Central Valley Project . U.S. Bureau of Reclamation . Bureau of Reclamation History Program . 1994 . 2010-01-16 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110613140442/http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=Central%20Valley%20Project&pageType=ProjectHistoryPage . 2011-06-13 .
  5. Web site: California Native American Tribes: Central Valley/Mountain Tribes . polytechnic.libguides.com . 24 November 2019.
  6. Web site: The Doctrine of Discovery, 1493 . .gilderlehrman.org . 3 October 2019.
  7. Web site: California Native American Heritage Commission: SHORT OVERVIEW OF CALIFORNIA INDIAN HISTORY . nahc.ca.gov . 5 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190601001113/http://nahc.ca.gov/resources/california-indian-history/ . June 1, 2019 . dead .
  8. Web site: Wheelan . Albert . Slaying of Berreyesa and De Haro Brothers . archive.org . March 1928 San Francisco "2.0" Police Journal . 29 September 2019.
  9. Web site: Maldetto . K. . WILLIAM RICHARDSON AND YERBA BUENA ORIGINS . Found SF . 16 February 2020.
  10. Web site: Main . Douglas . Gold Rush's Poisonous Legacy: Mercury Will Linger for 10,000 Years . LiveScience.come . October 29, 2013 . 29 September 2019.
  11. Web site: Hidden redwood is remnant of forest giants . SF Chronicle . May 7, 2013 . 29 September 2019.
  12. Web site: California Military History California and The Indian Wars . militarymuseum.org . 24 November 2019.
  13. Web site: How a giant tree's death sparked the conservation movement 160 years ago . . June 27, 2013 . 29 September 2019.
  14. News: Tulare, County, the Birthplace of San Joaquin Valley's Irrigation; First Ditches Were Dug in 1853 . 19 September 2019 . 31 . Sacramento Union . 31 March 1921 . 219 .
  15. News: The City's Relinquishment of Her Lands - A Scheme for the Settlement of City Titles . 25 November 2019 . 6 . 87 . 2 . Daily Alta California . 3 April 1855.
  16. News: CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE. Ninth Session - To the Senate of California : I have this day approved an Act " Concerning the city of San Francisco... . 25 November 2019 . 14 . 2171 . 1 . Sacramento Daily Union . 12 March 1858.
  17. Web site: CLARK v. CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO. . law.cornell.edu . 24 November 2019.
  18. Web site: 15 Cal. 530, Hart v. Burnett . Vlex Court Cases . V Lex USA . 29 September 2019 . September 29, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190929224217/https://case-law.vlex.com/vid/15-cal-530-hart-609103318 . dead .
  19. Web site: Rand McNally & Company How the Public Domain Has Been Squandered by Republican Congresses, 1884 . hehistorycenteronline.com . democratic party . 5 December 2019.
  20. Web site: Central Valley Project Documents, Volumes 1-2 By United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs . google books . 1956. u.s. printing office . 5 December 2019.
  21. Web site: Townsend v. Greeley, 72 U.S. 326 (1866) . supreme.justia.com . 24 November 2019.
  22. Web site: 1887 Wright Act history . State of California . 19 September 2019.
  23. Web site: 1887 Wright Act history . State of California . 19 September 2019.
  24. Web site: 1874 - The Report of the Commissioners of the Irrigation of the San Joaquin, Tulare, and Sacramento Vallies in the State of California . archive.org . 1874 . U.S. Government Printing Office . 19 September 2019.
  25. Web site: 1878–1879 Constitutional Convention Working Papers . sos.ca.gov . 5 December 2019.
  26. Web site: 1887 Wright Act history . State of California . 19 September 2019.
  27. Web site: Canal Act Of 1890 . legislation.lawi.us . 16 February 2020 . February 16, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200216183812/https://legislation.lawi.us/canal-act-of-1890/ . dead .
  28. Web site: 1898 San Francisco City Charter . archive.org . 1898 . 5 December 2019.
  29. Web site: The Hetch Hetchy Story, Part I: John Muir, Preservationists vs. Conservationists . foundsf.org . 5 December 2019.
  30. Web site: Report of the Railroad Commission: Assembly Constitutional Amendment Number 6 - Chapter 53 . google books . 1912. superintendent of state printing 1912 . 19 September 2019.
  31. News: Irrigation Act of 1915 Found Illegal . San Francisco Chronicle . 4 August 1920.
  32. Web site: Guide to the Robert Bradford Marshall papers, 1898-1949 . oac.cdlib.org . UC Berkeley . 7 December 2019.
  33. Web site: Central Valley Project Documents, Volumes 1-2 By United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs . google books . 1956. U.S. Printing Office . 7 December 2019.
  34. Book: Roos . Robert De . The Thirsty Land: The Story of the Central Valley Project . 1948 . Stanford University Press . Stanford . 21.
  35. Web site: Robert B. Marshall . watereducation.org . 16 February 2020.
  36. News: LIGHTINE SYSTEM On Valuations Fixed By State Railroad Commission City May Buy Both Gas and Light Plants. . 3 . Sacramento Union . 15 January 1919.
  37. News: Pulse of the Nation Ԃolishviki" Now . 4 . Sacramento Union . 3 February 1919.
  38. News: Glenn County Farmers Urged To Organize . 10 . Sacramento Union . 19 February 1919.
  39. News: CALLS WATER CONFERENCE Development Association Asks for Irrigation Meeting in February . 14 October 2019 . 212 . 4 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 4 January 1920 .
  40. News: IRRIGATION AND NAVIGATION NOW WORK TOGETHER: Locks and DAms Proposed for the Sacramento . 19 October 2019 . XXXIV . 87 . 1 . Colusa Herald . 10 January 1920.
  41. News: BIG IRRIGATION PROJECT PLANNED To Develop Water to Irrigate A fid Regions in the West—First Meeting Held in Salt Lake City Last November . 18 October 2019 . XXXV . 12 . 2 . Riverside Daily Press . 14 January 1921.
  42. News: IMMENSE IRRIGATION PLAN Water District Organized for Three Counties . 19 October 2019 . I . 49 . 4 . Lompoc Review . 23 January 1920.
  43. News: Says Investment For Power Plant Would Benefit City . 18 October 2019 . 48 . 124 . 10 . Santa Barbara Morning Press . 23 January 1920.
  44. News: EUREKA PEOPLE ARE KICKING ON THE DAM . 19 October 2019 . XLIII . 25 . 3 . Healdsburg Enterprise . 24 January 1920.
  45. News: PG& E PREPARING FOR A POSSIBLE DRY SEASON . 19 October 2019 . XXXIV . 95 . 1 . Colusa Herald . 29 January 1920.
  46. News: SECRETARY LANE ASKS MORE MONEY TO IRRIGATE WEST . 14 October 2019 . Sacramento Union . 8 February 1920 .
  47. News: FIGHT TO SAVE WATER STARTS Nevada County Residents Oppose Power Co.ӳ Petition. . 14 October 2019 . 212 . 42 . 10 . Sacramento Union .
  48. News: MILLER & LUX TO FIGHT . 19 October 2019 . XXXIV . 216 . 1 . Madera Mercury . 24 February 1920.
  49. News: Will RATION WATER POWER Lack of Rain and Snow in Upper State Compels Drastic Action HOPE OF RICE CROP IS ALREADY GONE Railroad and Water Commissions Will Map Conservation Program . 19 October 2019 . XXXV . 48 . 1 . Riverside Daily Press . 25 February 1920.
  50. News: ASK SPECIAL SESSION ON WATER Propose Establishment of Conservation Districts . 14 October 2019 . 212 . 58 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 27 February 1920 .
  51. News: New Plan Proposed to Tap American River for Irrigation: TO BE PRESENTED AT TODAYӓ MEETING . 14 October 2019 . 213 . 13 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 13 March 1920 .
  52. News: TO DISTRIBUTE STATE POWER . 19 October 2019 . 48 . 177 . 1 . Santa Barbara Morning Press . 25 March 1920.
  53. News: PLAN SPENDING OF $15,000,000 Pacific Gas and Electric to Make Additions and Betterments. . 14 October 2019 . 213 . 52 . 9 . Sacramento Union . 21 April 1920 .
  54. News: POWER PEOPLE ARE ARRAIGNED Yell and City Commissioners Take Stand for Public Ownership. Bond Issue to Establish Municipal Plants Are Urged . 14 October 2019 . 213 . 61 . 7 . Sacramento Union . 30 April 1920 .
  55. National Electric Light Association . Developing National Water Power . Journal of Electricity . 15 May 1920 . 44 . 10 . 463.
  56. News: PLAN LARGEST POWER PLANT - Pit River System Has Water to Develop 420,000 Horsepower. . 14 October 2019 . 214 . 1 . 10 . Sacramento Union . 1 May 1920 .
  57. News: WATER SAVING POLICY Irrigation Delegates Protest Against Plan Proposed by Rail Board. . 14 October 2019 . 214 . 11 . 6 . Sacramento Union . 11 May 1920 .
  58. News: GAS COMPANY USED MONEY IN CAMPAIGN . 18 October 2019 . XXXVI . 164 . 1 . Red Bluff Daily News . 13 May 192 .
  59. News: Solving a Great Problem . 14 October 2019 . 214 . 17 . 4 . Sacramento Union . 17 May 1920 .
  60. News: CARQUINEZ DAM WILL BE URGED: Construction Means Solution of Many Water Problems, Assertion. . 214 . 18 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 18 May 1920 .
  61. News: WATER VITAL FARM FACTOR - Close Relation Exists Between Forested Areas and Irrigation . 14 October 2019 . 214 . 27 . 5 . Sacramento Union . 27 May 1920 .
  62. News: OFFER OLIVE BRANCH TO DELTA BIT PREPARE FOR LEGAL FIGHT May Settle Water Trouble by Forming Great Conservation District. . 14 October 2019 . 214 . 38 . 6 . Sacramento Union . 7 June 1920 .
  63. News: Impending Shortage Of Power Shown in Move by P.G. & E. . 19 October 2019 . XLVI . 305 . 2 . Santa Rosa Press Democrat . 20 June 1920.
  64. News: FOUR DAMS IN RIVER PLANNED War Department Orders a Survey of the Water Situation. . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 4 . 15 . Sacramento Unon .
  65. News: Restriction Put On Use of Power . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 10 . 7 . Sacramento Union . 10 July 1920 .
  66. News: WATER BATTLE GROWS BITTER Both Sides See Ruin Unless Rescued by Action of Courts . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 14 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 14 July 1920 .
  67. News: WATER AND POWER IN 3 YEARS . 19 October 2019 . XXXIV . 241 . 1 . Madera Mercury . 24 July 1920.
  68. News: KENT PROTESTS CUTTING BAR Nevadans Active in Efforts to Lower Water Level of Lake Tahoe. . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 27 . 6 . Sacramento Union .
  69. News: TO SUBDIVIDE MILLION ACRES Miller and Lux Holdings in Five States Will Be Sold to Settlers. . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 28 . 6 . Sacramento Union . 27 July 1920 .
  70. News: GREAT STORAGE PLAN INDICATED Application Is Filed to Store 1,000,000 Acre Feet of Water in Shasta. . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 3 . 7 . Sacramento Union . 31 July 1920 .
  71. News: Valley Irrigation Companies To Unite in Water Allotment State Engineers.and Reclamation Officials Offer Assistance to Big Representative Committee . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 36 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 5 August 1920 .
  72. News: BIG IRRIGATION PROJECT IS OUTLINED ҃olonel Marshall Presents Comprehensive Program to Valley Men. . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 46 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 15 August 1920 .
  73. Web site: Central Valley Project Documents, Volumes 1-2 . google . 1956. U.S. Printing Office . 3 December 2019.
  74. News: PLAN FOR DAMS IS PRESENTED Government Proposals for Settling Water Problem Heard in Suit. . 14 October 2019 . 215 . 55 . 8 . Sacramento Union . 24 August 1920 .
  75. News: Association Formed to Put Over Marshall Program . 14 October 2019 . 25 . 26 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 26 September 1920 .
  76. News: STRAITS DAM NOT FEASIBLE New Army Engineer Is Skeptical oT Carquinez Project . 14 October 2019 . 216 . 37 . 8 . Sacramento Union . 7 October 1920 .
  77. News: ARGUMENTS IN ANTIOCH CASE BEGIN TODAY Court Voyage May Determine Issue in Big Irrigation Suit. IS INTRICATE PROBLEM Delta Land Owners Arrayed Against Upper Valley Farmers. . 14 October 2019 . 216 . 41 . 10 . Sacramento Union . 11 October 1920 .
  78. News: LEGISLATURE IS TO BE ASKED FOR AID Irrigation Association Seeking $500,000 for Water Survey, COL. MARSHALL SPEAKS Plan Provides for Irrigation of Approximately Twelve Million Acres. . 14 October 2019 . 216 . 47 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 17 October 1920 .
  79. News: STATE-WIDE WATER CONSERVATION PLAN DEMANDS ATTENTION . 19 October 2019 . 100 . 18 . 578 . Pacific Rural Press . 30 October 1920.
  80. News: URGES CITIES TO CO-OPERATE --- Municipal League Secretary Suggests Legislative Action. . 14 October 2019 . 217 . 10 . 7 . Sacramento Union . 10 November 1920 .
  81. League of California Municipalities Public Utilities Discussion . League of California Municipalities . December 1920 . XXXIV . 12 . 452-490 . 27 October 2019.
  82. News: Valley Cities Are Urged to Develop Own Electric Power . 14 October 2019 . 217 . 11 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 11 November 1920 .
  83. News: START INQUIRE ON DAM PLANS ---- Chamber of Klamath Hears Both Sides on Link River Project . 14 October 2019 . 217 . 20 . 6 . Sacramento Union . 20 November 1920 .
  84. News: DAM PROJECT HEARING ENDS --- Klamath Post Fears Power Company Would Control Storage. . 14 October 2019 . 217 . 21 . 7 . Sacramento Union . 21 November 1920 .
  85. News: IMMENSE P0WER PLAN LAUNCHED Government Grants Permit to Develop 2,500,000 H. P. on Colorado. . 14 October 2019 . 217 . 51 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 21 December 1920 .
  86. News: WATER ONLY QUESTION Site For the Dam Is Not Material MARSHALL PLAN ON LARGE SCALE . 18 October 2019 . XXXVII . 51 . 1 . Red Bluff Daily News . 5 January 1922 .
  87. News: Measures and Resolutions Introduced in Legislature . 15 October 2019 . 218 . 7 . 3 . Sacramento Union . 7 January 1921 .
  88. News: Power Company Pays $95,000 for Rights . 15 October 2019 . 218 . 1 . 5 . Sacramento Union . 7 January 1921 .
  89. News: Examine the Marshall Plan . 15 October 2019 . 218 . 11 . 4 . Sacramento Union . 11 January 1921 .
  90. News: State Irrigation Measure To Be Introduced Today . 15 October 2019 . 218 . 21 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 21 January 1921 .
  91. News: MOVE STARTED TO DEVELOP POWER Municipalities Band Together to Take Advantage of Water Resources. NEED FOR QUICK ACTION Marshall Plan Looked Upon With Favor; Meeting at City Hall . 15 October 2019 . 218 . 29 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 29 January 1921 .
  92. News: LEAGUE FAVORS MARSHALL PLAN Scheme for Water Conservation Indorsed by Organization of Municipalities . 15 October 2019 . 218 . 30 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 30 January 1921 .
  93. News: MARSHALL PLAN IS GIVEN ENDORSEMENT Municipal Representatives of Southland in Meeting Here Want Legislature to Investigate Water and Power Resources of State . 18 October 2019 . XXXVI . 46 . 3 . Riverside Daily Press . 23 February 1921.
  94. News: LIST RESERVOIR SITES OF STATE -- SIERRA HAS 216 SITES ABOVE IRRIGABLE LANDS AND 130 ALONG FOOTHILLS . 20 October 2019 . 66 . 97 . 7 . Hanford Sentinel . 10 March 1921.
  95. News: MARSHALL PLAN RESULT OF LONG STUDY OF RESOURCES OF STATE . 15 October 2019 . 219 . 14 . 6 . Sacramento Union . 14 March 1921 .
  96. News: Municipal Utility Act Causes Debate . 27 October 2019 . 219 . 15 . 2 . Sacramento Union . 15 March 1921 .
  97. News: WATER POWER AND WORLD TRADE: Nature Provides It and Man Seems About To Put Some of it to His Own Uses Now That the President Has Signed the Water Power Bill. . 16 October 2019 . 219 . 20 . 31 . Sacramento Union . 20 March 1921 .
  98. News: OPPOSITION TO MARSHALL PLAN LOUDLY VOICED . 18 October 2019 . XXXVIII . 123 . 1 . Red Bluff Daily News . 2 April 1922 .
  99. News: Motion to Re-refer Power Measure Lost After Clash . 16 October 2019 . 219 . 33 . 5 . Sacramento Union . 2 April 1921 .
  100. News: HYDROGRAB MENACE SEEN . 19 October 2019 . XXXV . 23 . 1 . Madera Mercury . 21 April 1921.
  101. News: WATER SURVEY MEASURE PASSES . 16 October 2019 . 219 . 53 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 22 April 1921 .
  102. News: Fight to Withdraw Power Bill Fails . 16 October 2019 . 219 . 58 . 7 . Sacramento Union . 27 April 1921 .
  103. News: BILLS PASSED IN THE SENATE . 27 October 2019 . 219 . 59 . 2 . Sacramento Union . 28 April 1921 .
  104. News: Let the People Decide. . 16 October 2019 . 219 . 61 . 4 . Sacramento Union . 30 April 1921 .
  105. News: Power Conference Is Called Here . 16 October 2019 . 220 . 4 . 12 . Sacramento Union . 4 May 1921 .
  106. News: Tax Rate Reduced by Ownership of Power Plant in Roseville . 16 October 2019 . 220 . 9 . 8 . Sacramento Union . 9 May 1921 .
  107. News: POWER REPORT SOON COMPLETE . 16 October 2019 . 220 . 17 . 10 . Sacramento Union . 17 May 1921 .
  108. News: Citizens May Vot on Power Development; Decks Clear for Concerted Action of Cities . 16 October 2019 . 220 . 21 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 21 May 1921 .
  109. News: MARSHALL PLAN BILL PRAISED . 16 October 2019 . 220 . 21 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 21 May 1921 .
  110. News: STEPHENS SIGNS MANY MEASURES . 27 October 2019 . 220 . 24 . 5 . Sacramento Union . 24 May 1921 .
  111. News: REDWOOD BILL IS SIGNED BY GOVERNOR - Marshall Plan Measure and Farm School Appropriation Are Approved . 17 October 2019 . 220 . 35 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 4 June 1921 .
  112. News: Miller & Lux Lose Again To Madera District Hawson Act Upheld . 19 October 2019 . XXXV . 75 . 1 . Madera Mercury . 1 July 1921.
  113. News: Plan State Control and Financing Hydro-Electric And Other Water Projects . 19 October 2019 . XXXV . 92 . 4 . Madera Mercury . 22 July 1921.
  114. News: STATE-AID FOR WATER POWER PROJECTS PLAN - Initiative Measure Prepared for Submission to Vote in November 1922 . CXIX . 12 . 12 . San Francisco Chronicle . 27 July 1921.
  115. News: SHINN OPPOSES WATER POWER AMENDMENT Says Project Just Launched Is Not Same Thing as Johnson Measure. . 17 October 2019 . 221 . 28 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 28 July 1921 .
  116. News: City Against Country . 17 October 2019 . 221 . 35 . 4 . Sacramento Union . 4 August 1921 .
  117. News: Initiative Petition for Water Power Act Will Be Circulated in Few Days . 17 October 2019 . 221 . 25729 . 8 . Sacramento Union . 29 August 1921 .
  118. News: POWER MONOPOLY IN CALIFORNIA THREATENED, CHARGE - PUBLIC CONTROL OF WATER URGED BY PINCHOT Industrial Independence is Seen in California Water and Power Act. . 17 October 2019 . 222 . 25760 . 1 . Sacramento Union . 29 September 1921 .
  119. Web site: Water Power Development . cdnc.ucr.edu . Sacramento Union . 30 September 2019 .
  120. News: BIG WATER SURVEY STARTS TOMORROW . 17 October 2019 . 223 . 25808 . 10 . Sacramento Union . 15 November 1921 .
  121. News: ROMINGER FLAYS WATER, POWER ACT . 17 October 2019 . 223 . 25815 . 3 . Sacramento Union . 22 November 1921 .
  122. News: Hoover Heads Colorado Project . 17 October 2019 . 223 . 25852 . 10 . Sacramento Union . 29 December 1921 .
  123. News: $5,000,000 NEEDED FOR PIT RIVER WORK . 17 October 2019 . 223 . 25852 . 3 . Sacramento Union . 29 December 1921 .
  124. News: WATERPOWER PETITION WINS BALLOT PLACE . 18 October 2019 . 223 . 25854 . 8 . Sacramento Union . 31 December 1921 .
  125. News: PROPOSED IRRIGATION PROJECT CALLS FOR WORLD'S HIGHEST DAM . 18 October 2019 . 224 . 25855 . 12 . Sacramento Union . 1 January 1922 .
  126. News: TWO INITIATIVE MEASURES QUALIFY . 20 October 2019 . VI . 73 . 1 . La Habra Star . 6 January 1922.
  127. News: Cook . Benning . Water and Power Act Assailed - Greater California League Chief Caustic - Calls Plan "Public Ownership" . San Francisco Chronicle . 22 January 1922.
  128. News: ANTIOCH WATER PLAN TO BE TOPIC MONDAY . 18 October 2019 . 224 . 25908 . 7 . Sacramento Union . 23 February 1922 .
  129. News: PROPOSED WATER AND POWER ACT CRITICISED AS BEING OPPOSED TO CO-OPERATION . 19 October 2019 . XXXV . 276 . 4 . Madera Mercury . 24 February 1922.
  130. News: MARSHALL PLAN ADVOCATES NOT FOR IT . 21 October 2019 . XXXVII . 56 . 6 . Riverside Press Daily . 7 March 1922.
  131. News: BOULDER CANYON DAM IS APPROVED . 18 October 2019 . 225 . 25930 . 10 . Sacramento Union . 17 March 1922 .
  132. News: How the Water and Power Act Will Help. . 18 October 2019 . 103 . 13 . 376 . Pacific Rural Press . 1 April 1922.
  133. News: BIG WATER FILING REVEALS PROJECT -- S. F. Engineers Plan Power and Irrigation From Shasta Streams. . 18 October 2019 . 225 . 25949 . 21 . Sacramento Union . 2 April 1922 .
  134. News: de Young . M.H. . An Attempt to Wreck the State of California . 91 . San Francisco Chronicle . 16 April 1922. 70 .
  135. News: Newspapers of California Find Distinct Menace in Provisions of Proposed Water and Power Measure - Voters are Told that Constitutional Amendment Is an Attempt to Foist Communism on People of Entire State . San Francisco Chronicle . 30 April 1922.
  136. News: SUPREME COURT WIU BE ASKED TO RULE ON ASSETS OF PUBLIC UTILITY . 27 October 2019 . 25981 . Sacramento Union . 4 May 1922 . 226 .
  137. News: MARSHALL OPPOSES WATER. POWER ACT . 18 October 2019 . 226 . 26019 . 7 . Sacramento Union . 11 June 1922 .
  138. News: Spreckels Blames the Power Interests . 18 October 2019 . XXXVII . 231 . 1 . Riverside Press Daily . 28 September 1922.
  139. News: COMPLETION OF GREAT PROJECT CELEBRATED • Thousands Cheer as Power Is Turned On at Pit River Plant and Received at Vaca Substation; Civic Leaders Give Addresses on Importance of Pacific Gas and Electric Company's $100,000,000 Project in the Development of California . 18 October 2019 . XXXIX . 279 . 1 . Red Bluff Daily News . 30 September 1922 .
  140. News: TELLS HISTORY OF POWER ACT Proposition Originated With Rudolph Spreckels—Some Reasons Why He is Interested in Promoting This Movement . 18 October 2019 . XXXVII . 234 . 4 . Riverside Daily Press . 2 October 1922.
  141. WATER AND POWER Proposition Summary . Propositions . January 1922 . 19 October 2019.
  142. News: Propositions . 18 October 2019 . 229 . 26169 . 2 . Sacramento Union . 9 November 1922 .
  143. News: What's a Thousand Dollars One Way or the Other? That is When Millions are Involved . Sacramento Star . November 1922.
  144. News: DRIVE ORGANIZED FOR WATER AND POWER ACT . 18 October 2019 . 229 . 26191 . 10 . Sacramento Union . 1 December 1922 .
  145. Book: FTC 71-A Utility corporations. Letters from the chairman of the Federal trade commission transmitting, in response to Senate resolution no. 83, 70th Congress, a monthly report on the electric power and gas utilities inquiry. . Hathitrust.org . [United States] 70th Cong., 1st sess. Senate. Doc. 92 . U.S. Printing Office . 21 October 2019.
  146. News: $234,000 SPENT AGAINST POWER ACT IS SHOWN . 20 October 2019 . 289 . 7 . San Luis Obispo Daily Telegram . 13 February 1923.
  147. News: SKALLER TELLS HOW HE EARNED HIS $2000 . 20 October 2019 . 31 . 88 . 10 . Santa Cruz Evening News . 13 February 1923.
  148. News: P. G. & E, GAVE WITHOUT STINT TO KILL BILL San Francisco Labor Leader Tells of Big Influence Brought to Bear on Workers "No Limit Placed on Funds" Official Tells Committee; Results Only Were Wanted . 20 October 2019 . 36 . 1 . Chico Record . 13 February 1923.
  149. News: Expenditares In Campaign Investigated . 20 October 2019 . 2 . San Pedro . 13 February 1923.
  150. News: FORMER S. F. MAYOR ADMITS FIGHTING BILL FOR CASH POWER INTEREST PAY $l0,000 FOR ELECTION WORK P. H. McCarthy Declares His Share of Spoils Was Insignificant . 20 October 2019 . Chico Record . 16 February 1923.
  151. News: MCCARTHY OUT OF BUILDING COUNCIL . 20 October 2019 . 178 . 1 . Madera Mercury . 24 February 1923.
  152. Book: FTC 71-A Utility corporations. Letters from the chairman of the Federal trade commission transmitting, in response to Senate resolution no. 83, 70th Congress, a monthly report on the electric power and gas utilities inquiry. . HathiTrust.org . [United States] 70th Cong., 1st sess. Senate. Doc. 92 . U.S. Printing Office . 20 October 2019.
  153. News: Col. Marshall Writes Argument in Favor Water and Power Act . 21 October 2019 . XXI . 19 . 2 . Calexico Chronicle . 3 September 1924.
  154. News: PROPOSED WATER AND POWER ACT - AN OFFICIAL ARGUMENT AGAINST IT . 21 October 2019 . XXVI . 28 . 2 . Mill Valley Record . 6 September 1924.
  155. News: COLONEL MARSHALL COMING . 18 February 2020 . XXXIV . 149 . Madera Tribune . 28 October 1924.
  156. News: LA FOLLETTE HAS CUT LEAD OE COOLIDGE - Northern Counties of California Go to La Follette WATER POWER BILL DEFEATED Lead of Coolidge in California Over 150,000 . 27 October 2019 . XXXV . 4 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 5 November 1924.
  157. News: Resolution . 18 February 2020 . 23 . Organized Labor . 6 June 1925. 26.
  158. News: State Propositions . 27 October 2019 . 59 . 65 . 3 . San Bernardino Sun . 4 November 1926.
  159. Web site: California irrigation district laws, 1927 . ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu . state of california . 27 October 2019.
  160. Web site: Report to the legislature of 1931 on state water plan, 1930 . archive.org . state of california . 27 October 2019.
  161. News: Legislature To Convene February 24 To Enact Proposed Laws State's Water Problem . 27 October 2019 . XXXII . 50 . Mill Valley Record . 30 January 1931.
  162. News: Reclamation Bureau Approves State Water Plan for Federal Aid . 2 October 2019 . cdnc.ucr.edu . San Bernardino Sun, Volume 39 . 8 July 1933.
  163. News: Federal Co-operation On State-Wide Water Conservation Is Okeh . 27 October 2019 . 88 . 12 . 1 . Santa Cruz Sentinel . 15 July 1933.
  164. News: Federal Help for Big State Project Fails . 27 October 2019 . Associated Press . 39 . 2 . San Bernardino Sun . 20 July 1933.
  165. News: State Wide Water Project Revived in Senate . 27 October 2019 . 88 . 18 . 1 . Santa Cruz Sentinel . 22 July 1933.
  166. News: Legislature Okehs Statewide Water Project . 2 October 2019 . cdnc.ucr.edu . Santa Cruz Sentinel . 27 July 1933.
  167. Book: Roos . Robert De . The Thirsty Land: The Story of the Central Valley Project . 1948 . Stanford University Press . Stanford . 27.
  168. Book: U.S. Writers Program . The Central valley project . 1942 . California state Dept. of education . Sacramento . 49 . 18 February 2020.
  169. News: Senator Asks People Support Huge Central Valley Water Project . 25 October 2019 . LXIII . 37 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 15 December 1933.
  170. News: The Water Measure - S. F. Chamber of Commerce Opposes But Acknowledges Emergency . 27 October 2019 . XXXV . 44 . 6 . Mill Valley Record . 15 December 1933.
  171. News: Water Project Campaign to End Tomorrow . 27 October 2019 . 119 . 168 . 6 . Oakland Tribune . 17 December 1933.
  172. Book: Roos . Robert De . The Thirsty Land: The Story of the Central Valley Project . 1948 . Stanford University Press . Stanford . 33.
  173. News: Great Water Project Majority Increasing . 27 October 2019 . 147 . Santa Cruz Sentinel . 21 December 1933. 88.
  174. Book: Roos . Robert De . The Thirsty Land: The Story of the Central Valley Project . 1948 . Stanford University Press . Stanford . 34-35.
  175. Web site: Sacramento M.U. Dist. v. P.G. E. Co. Aug 11, 194220 Cal.2d 684 (Cal. 1942) . casetext.com . 27 October 2019.
  176. Book: Writers' Program . Central Valley Project . 1942 . Sacramento, California state Dept. of education . 50 . 28 January 2020.
  177. Book: California Writers Program . Central Valley Project . 1942 . California state Dept. of education . Sacramento . 51 . 28 January 2020.
  178. News: Program of Central Valleys And Coast Basins Are Heard . 27 October 2019 . LXX . 147 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 22 October 1937.
  179. News: IS HELD THREAT TO WATER PLANS State Engineer Hyatt Is Against Sacramento . 27 October 2019 . LXXI . 100 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 2 March 1938.
  180. Book: California Writers Program . Central Valley Project . 1942 . California state Dept. of education . Sacramento . 83 . 28 January 2020.
  181. Web site: The Land of PG&E . Fulltable.com . Fortune magazine . 1 November 2019.
  182. News: Ickes Calls Dams Our Maginot Line - Speaking at Friant Project, He Praises Roosevelt Policy . Associated Press . New York Times . 6 November 1939.
  183. News: Jimerson . R.W. . Lines Forming in State Bond Fight . San Francisco Examiner . 7 January 1940.
  184. News: RENEW FIGHT POWER ISSUE Plan -Hearing Monday On Proposed Laws Aid Revenue Bond Plans . 23 October 2019 . LXXV . 65 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 19 January 1940.
  185. News: Ickes Sets Terms On Shasta Power - Advises California to Create Utility Districts For Resale of Federal Dam's Power . New York Times . 22 January 1940.
  186. News: STUDY OF POWER PROBLEMS PLAN Delay Olson Proposal Until Report Secured . 23 October 2019 . LXXV . 69 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 24 January 1940.
  187. News: OLSON WILL ASK POWER BONDS LONG BITTER FIGHT LOOMS OVER ISSUES . 23 October 2019 . LXXV . 72 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 27 January 1940.
  188. News: Madera Irrigation District Wants People to Have Vot . 23 October 2019 . LXXV . 74 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 30 January 1940.
  189. News: CENTRAL VALLEY PLAN BACKERS AGAIN DEFEATED Senate Tables Motion; Two Tax Measures Fall by Wayside . 27 October 2019 . 12 . 295 . 1 . San Pedro News Pilot . 14 February 1940.
  190. News: POWER PROJECT IS STILL HOPED Data Is Sought From Washington as Steps Taken Expand Works . 28 January 2020 . LXXV . 98 . Madera Tribune . 28 February 1940.
  191. News: Senate Approves Funds for West . 27 October 2019 . 13 . 6 . 6 . San Pedro News Pilot . 12 March 1940.
  192. News: FLOOD CONTROL BILL PROPOSED Large Amount Sought For California Work . 23 October 2019 . LXXVI . 3 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 3 May 1940.
  193. Book: California Writers Program . Central Valley Project . 1942 . California state Dept. of education . Sacramento . 92 . 28 January 2020.
  194. News: GETTING ROUGH, THROW RIVERS OUT OF BED . 27 October 2019 . LXXV . 84 . 2 . Healdsburg Tribune . 22 July 1940.
  195. News: PITTSBURG HAS FIRST WATER VALLEY PLAN Delivered From Partly Completed Contra Costa Canal System Sunday . 23 October 2019 . LXXVI . 77 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 20 August 1940.
  196. News: SAN JOAQUIN CAN SUPPORT MORE PEOPLE Great Central Valley Able to Hold Increased Population With Water . 23 October 2019 . LXXVI . 107 . 5 . Madera Tribune . 25 September 1940.
  197. News: Concrete Picture-Facts About Giant Friant Dam . 23 October 2019 . LXXVI . 116 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 5 October 1940.
  198. News: California Water Project Aided . 27 October 2019 . 13 . 196 . 3 . San Pedro News Pilot . 19 October 1940.
  199. News: Still Seeking Control Plan Olson Is Hoping to Defeat Legislature . 23 October 2019 . LXXVI . 159 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 27 November 1940.
  200. News: ANOTHER DAM IS URGED FOR VALLEYPLAN Declared Necessary to Protect Sacramento Valley's Irrigation . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 5 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 6 December 1940.
  201. News: Olson Claims Roosevelt Aid Central Valley May Become Another TVA . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 16 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 19 December 1940.
  202. News: WOULD BLOCK POWERPROJECT Effort to Delay PGE To Assist Shasta Dam And Power Plant . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 18 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 21 December 1940.
  203. News: SACRAMENTO TO SEEK MORE AID Central Valley Plan Irrigation And Ship Travel to Be Sought . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 31 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 8 January 1941.
  204. News: Bill Is Ready If TVA Needed If Legislation Needed It Will Be Ready . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 41 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 20 January 1941.
  205. News: VALLEY PROJECT AIDED 40 STATES Bureau of Reclamation Reports on Building . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 63 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 14 February 1941.
  206. News: Valley Project Rush Requested . 27 October 2019 . 13 . 303 . 1 . San Pedro News Pilot . 21 February 1941.
  207. News: VALLEY PLAN BUDGET UPHELD Proposed Slash Voted Down by Authority And Measures Are Approved . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 91 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 20 March 1941.
  208. News: ICKES CONTINUES TO FORCE VIEWS Single Administrator Central Valley Asked . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 115 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 17 April 1941.
  209. News: 34 MILLIONS FOR CENTRAL VALLEY Approval Is Given For West Projects . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 126 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 30 April 1941.
  210. News: VALLEY PROJECT AGAIN RESCUED Olson's Budget Sent To Senate Floor With Reductions of Million . 25 October 2019 . LXXVII . 145 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 22 May 1941.
  211. News: VALLEY PROJECT TO BE SPEEDED Will Become Part Of National Defense Steps, Declares Director . 25 October 2019 . LXXVIII . 47 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 28 July 1941.
  212. News: Central Valley Rights Are Provided By Law . 25 October 2019 . LXXVIII . 50 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 31 July 1941.
  213. News: Start Program For Greater Valley Project . 25 October 2019 . LXXVIII . 60 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 12 August 1941.
  214. News: Central Valley Water Supply Value Shown by Statistics . 27 October 2019 . 14 . 168 . 14 . San Pedro News Pilot . 17 September 1941.
  215. News: Canal Section Contract Awarded . 27 October 2019 . 14 . 198 . 2 . San Pedro News Pilot . 22 October 1941.
  216. News: Central Valley Power Marketing Program . 25 October 2019 . LXXVIII . 25 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 30 December 1941.
  217. News: VALLEY PLAN AID FOR WAR World's Greatest Dams Are Near to Completion Is Report by Page . 25 October 2019 . LXXVIII . 32 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 8 January 1942.
  218. News: WALKER R. YOUNG ADDRESSES MADERA COUNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE \H_ANNUAL BANQUET Large Gathering Fills Madera High Gymnasium To Near Capacity; Guests From Many Cities Are Present to Hear Reclamation Bureau Engineer . 25 October 2019 . LXXVIII . 73 . 5 . Madera Tribune . 26 February 1942.
  219. News: Whitaker . Clem . The Political Parade . 19 February 2020 . XXVI . 36 . La Habra Star . 20 March 1942.
  220. News: Central Valley Plan Threatened Says Clark . 25 October 2019 . L . 21 . 5 . Madera Tribune . 25 March 1942.
  221. Book: Congressional Record - House . 26 March 1942 . U.S. Printing Office . Washington D.C. . 3023.
  222. News: GEARHART GETS COMMENDATION ONVALLEYPLAN Large Appropriation Is llesult of Effort Of Congressman . 25 October 2019 . L . 146 . 11 . Madera Tribune . 25 March 1942.
  223. News: Shasta Project Nearly Complete . 25 October 2019 . L . 217 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 13 November 1942.
  224. News: WORK AT FRIANT TOTALLY HALTED IN WPB ORDERS Limited Progress to Be Permitted Central Valley Project . 25 October 2019 . L . 224 . 4 . Madera Tribune . 21 November 1942.
  225. News: Sacrament Electric System Fixed . 26 October 2019 . 49 . 15 . San Bernardino Sun . 27 November 1942.
  226. News: Metropolitan Areas Are Warned Against Municipal Power Plan . 27 October 2019 . L . 249 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 22 December 1942.
  227. News: More Funds Sought for Central Valley . 27 October 2019 . 16 . 82 . 14 . San Pedro News Pilot . 9 June 1943.
  228. News: Friant-Kern Canal Work Approved . 27 October 2019 . 16 . 91 . 3 . San Pedro News Pilot . 19 June 1943.
  229. News: Shasta Power Line Bid Call Slated . 27 October 2019 . 16 . 117 . 2 . San Pedro News Pilot . 20 July 1943.
  230. News: Ickes Power Project Rapped by Congressman . 25 October 2019 . LI . 157 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 2 September 1943.
  231. News: San Francisco Backs Kern Canal . 25 October 2019 . LI . 178 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 28 September 1943.
  232. News: WATER PROJECT SCHEDULED TO OPERATE 1944 Friant Diversion Will Not Affect Program For South Part Valley . 25 October 2019 . LI . 175 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 24 September 1943.
  233. News: PG&E WILL BUY POWER DEVELOPED AT SHASTA Contract Between Company And Power Concern Is Announced by Secretary of Interior Ickes For Distribution Which Will Replace Steam Plants . 25 October 2019 . LI . 178 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 28 September 1943.
  234. News: THUMBS DOWN ON KERN CANAL . 25 October 2019 . LI . 254 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 29 December 1943.
  235. News: SHASTA DAM IS PILING UP WATERS OF NORTH RIVERS . 25 October 2019 . LI . 266 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 14 January 1944.
  236. News: Carey Would Block Water Valley Project Big Farms . 25 October 2019 . LII . 33 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 7 April 1944.
  237. News: LITTLE HAROLD RAPS CHANGES VALLEY PLANS . 25 October 2019 . LII . 39 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 14 April 1944.
  238. News: UNDERSTANDING OF FARM SIZE GREATEST NEED . 25 October 2019 . LII . 54 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 2 May 1944.
  239. News: FDR Supports 160 Acre Ban . 25 October 2019 . LII . 63 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 12 May 1944.
  240. News: DEMAND LIFT 160 ACRE BAN BIG PROJECT Most Central Valley Lands Already Under Development Is Claim . 25 October 2019 . LII . 85 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 8 June 1944.
  241. Book: Roos . Robert De . The Thirsty Land: The Story of the Central Valley Project . 1948 . Stanford University Press . Stanford . 105.
  242. News: In cooperation with Central Valley Project POWER FROM SHASTA DAM FLOWS OVER P.G. and E. LINES TO HOMES, FARMS and FACTORIES . 27 October 2019 . XLVI . 29 . 3 . Mill Valley Record . 20 July 1944.
  243. News: 160 ACRE BAN HEARING OPENS . 25 October 2019 . LII . 122 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 24 July 1944.
  244. News: FINAL STEP IN DELIVERY SHASTA POWER . 25 October 2019 . LII . 123 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 25 July 1944.
  245. News: HEARINGS ON 160 ACRE BAN VALLEY PROJECT ENDS TODAY . 25 October 2019 . LII . 124 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 26 July 1944.
  246. News: Davies . Lawrence . Coast irrigation Hit from w Angles - Central Valley Project called Both Socialistic and Corporate Plot . New York Times . 30 July 1944.
  247. News: CLAIM KERN CANAL DELAYED BY WPB . 27 October 2019 . LII . 191 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 11 October 1944.
  248. Book: Roos . Robert De . The Thirsty Land: The Story of the Central Valley Project . 1948 . Stanford University Press . Stanford . 94.
  249. News: $600,000,000 Calif. Flood, Power Projects Proposed . 22 October 2019 . 17 . 259 . 5 . San Pedro News Pilot . 2 January 1945.
  250. News: Congressmen Opposed Central Valley Buying . 22 October 2019 . LIII . 1 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 22 March 1945.
  251. News: Reclamation Dept, to Spend 836 Million in California . 22 October 2019 . 18 . 33 . 2 . San Pedro News Pilot . 12 April 1945.
  252. News: State, Control Sought For Central Valley . 22 October 2019 . LIII . 81 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 4 June 1945.
  253. News: CHEAP POWER FOR VALLEY IS URGED . 22 October 2019 . LIII . 85 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 8 June 1945.
  254. News: CENTRAL VALLEY ASKS COMPLETION . 22 October 2019 . LIII . 118 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 18 July 1945.
  255. News: Huge Construction Project To Develop Power Is Urged . 22 October 2019 . LIII . 160 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 6 September 1945.
  256. News: FRIANT PROJECT WORK TO START . 22 October 2019 . LIII . 178 . 4 . Madera Tribune . 27 September 1945.
  257. News: Boke Eases Acre Limits CVP Water . 22 October 2019 . LIII . 204 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 30 October 1945.
  258. News: Federal Plan for Central Valley - Water Power Projects Listed by Ickes . Associated Press . San Francisco Chronicle . 24 November 1945.
  259. News: CVP Power Transmission Fund Killed by Committee . United Press . San Francisco News . 26 November 1945.
  260. News: $780,000 For Central Valley Power Lines Recommended . Associated Press . San Francisco Chronicle . 28 November 1945.
  261. News: NATION DRIFTS TOWARD GOAL REGIMENTATION . 22 October 2019 . LIII . 228 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 29 November 1945.
  262. News: Roos . Robert De . Central Valley Project - West Side San Joaquin Areas need Water for Greater Crop Diversity . 10 . San Francisco Chronicle . 30 November 1945.
  263. News: AS OVERALL WATER PLAN 2 DAYS MEET Wide Disagreement On Methods Control For Various Phases . 29 October 2019 . LIII . 235 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 7 December 1945.
  264. News: 'Grass Roots' Water Meet Ends . 29 October 2019 . 18 . 239 . 3 . San Pedro News Pilot . 8 December 1945.
  265. News: MADERA DISTRICT VIEW ON CONFERENCE POINTS 160-Acre Limitation Would Have Direct Bearing On Income of District . 29 October 2019 . LIII . 250 . Madera Tribune . 26 December 1945.
  266. News: Communistic Besmirch All Contacted . 27 October 2019 . LXXXI . 27 . Healdsburg Tribune, Enterprise and Scimitar . 5 April 1946.
  267. News: Friant Water Given Valley . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 34 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 9 April 1946.
  268. News: TRUMAN HAS PLAN EXPAND CVP GROWTH Plan For Two Control Valleys Will Be Told Slate in Near Future . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 55 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 3 May 1946.
  269. News: REINSTATE FUNDS FOR CVP PROGRAM . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 93 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 18 June 1946.
  270. News: Sacramento to Buy Utility System . 26 October 2019 . 19 . 98 . 2 . San Pedro News Pilot . 22 June 1946.
  271. News: MODIFIED CVP BILL GIVEN TO TRUMAN . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 100 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 26 June 1946.
  272. News: PG&E PLANNING FOR GREATER POWER OUTPUT . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 175 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 24 September 1946.
  273. News: Krug Attacks Foes of Coast Power Plan . New York Times . 5 November 1946.
  274. News: Tasks Face Legislature BIG PROGRAM WILL INCLUDE WATER STUDY Opening Warren Talk May Be Delayed by Speakership Battle . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 260 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 6 January 1947.
  275. News: Corporate Hand In CVP Voiced . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 260 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 6 January 1947.
  276. News: MADERA CANAL FUND BUDGETED Canal Systems to Get Half of 30 Millions Asked in Truman Plan . 20 February 2020 . LIV . 294 . Madera Tribune . 14 February 1947.
  277. News: ROOSEVELT FOR 160-ACRE BAN m CHARGES 20 LANDOWNERS TO GET GAINS Madera, Tulare And Kern County Lands In Monopoly Is Claim . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 298 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 19 February 1947.
  278. News: Labor And Farmers Opposed to Repeal 160-Acres CVP Ban . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 299 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 20 February 1947.
  279. News: CVP COST TOLD Prices of CVP Water To Farmer Announced By Boke in Statement . 26 October 2019 . LIV . 304 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 27 February 1947.
  280. News: BILL EXEMPTS CVP ACRE BAN . 26 October 2019 . LV . 14 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 17 March 1947.
  281. News: FATE OF 160-ACRE BAN WAITS Senator Downey Raps Reclamation Bureau On Stand And Data . 26 October 2019 . LV . 79 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 3 June 1947.
  282. News: LARGEST FUND GOES TO CVP . 26 October 2019 . LV . 124 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 28 July 1947.
  283. News: CVP PROJECT TO BE SPEEDED . 26 October 2019 . Medera Tribune . 18 September 1947.
  284. News: WARREN TO ASK CVP FUNDS AID . 26 October 2019 . LV . 231 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 3 December 1947.
  285. News: DOWNEY FOR STRAUS OUST ON ACRE BAN Work to Be Resumed On Central Valley Project But Limited . 26 October 2019 . LV . 248 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 23 December 1947.
  286. News: 42 MILLIONS FOR CVP HAS PART BUDGET Seven of Californias Water Projects Given Truman Endorsement . 26 October 2019 . LV . 263 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 12 January 1948.
  287. News: DEVELOPMENTS CVP OPERATION . 26 October 2019 . LV . 266 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 15 January 1948.
  288. News: FARMERS SIGN FOR CVP WATER . 26 October 2019 . LV . 262 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 22 January 1948.
  289. News: HUGE FUND FOR CVP IS SOUGHT . 26 October 2019 . LV . 290 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 25 February 1948.
  290. News: 160-ACRE CVP B!LL DOOMED . 26 October 2019 . LVI . 5 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 5 March 1948.
  291. News: Grange and Bureau Debated 160 Limit . 26 October 2019 . LVI . 16 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 18 March 1948.
  292. News: WARREN AND BLACK ARGUE ON CVP LINES Proposed Reclamation Transmission Program Charged as Wasteful . 26 October 2019 . LVI . 83 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 5 June 1948.
  293. News: Federal Aid Given Central Valley Project . 26 October 2019 . LVI . 108 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 6 July 1948.
  294. News: Central Valley Work for Year Is Outlined . 26 October 2019 . Madera Tribune . 19 July 1948.
  295. News: Ask Federal Aid In Purchase Of Small Farm Units Revolving Fund of $50,000,000 Sought . 27 October 2019 . XXI . 107 . 5 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 6 August 1948.
  296. News: FARM LOANS HALTED Chamber of Commerce Opens Water Law Fight . 26 October 2019 . 16 . 65 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 7 October 1948.
  297. News: Krug Asserts Farmers Must Fight for CVP . 26 October 2019 . 16 . 69 . 4 . Madera Tribune . 13 October 1948.
  298. News: Reclamation Law Revision Urged . 26 October 2019 . 16 . 102 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 30 November 1948.
  299. Web site: Western Land of Cotton . Fulltable.com . Fortune Magazine . 1 November 2019.
  300. News: $53,500,000 Central Valley Funds Assured . 26 October 2019 . 16 . 196 . 4 . Madera Tribune . 30 March 1949.
  301. News: Study of State Purchase of CVP Gets Approval . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 2 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 2 July 1949.
  302. News: MORE FRUITFUL EMPIRE SEEN Friant Dam Unleashes Tons of Water into Lower San Joaquin Valley Area . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 6 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 9 July 1949.
  303. News: Big Friant-Kern Canal Into The Valley . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 6 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 11 July 1949.
  304. News: Boost in CVP Funds Is Voted . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 8 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 13 July 1949.
  305. News: POLITICAL PRESSURE HIT Straus Flayed By Downey at Quiz . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 15 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 21 July 1949.
  306. News: New Canals Get House Approval . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 25 . 5 . Madera Tribune . 2 August 1949.
  307. News: CVP Project Funds Voted . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 45 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 25 August 1949.
  308. News: Billion-Dollar Central Valley Plan Given Congress by Truman President Aims To Solve Water Project Disputes . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 49 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 30 August 1949.
  309. News: PLAYS VITAL ROLE IN VALLEY Friant Dam is Fourth Largest . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 72 . 50 . Madera Tribune . 27 September 1949.
  310. News: American River Project Voted . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 72 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 27 September 1949.
  311. News: Valley Will Get Water by 1951, Straus Declares . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 113 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 14 November 1949.
  312. News: MID Nears Final Agreement With Bureau on Water Pact Ample Supply Assured . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 128 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 2 December 1949.
  313. News: Warren Backs CVP Request . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 180 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 2 February 1950.
  314. News: Solons Approve $4,000,000 Cut In Fund For CVP . 26 October 2019 . 17 . 215 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 16 March 1950.
  315. News: Farmers Corner . 20 February 2020 . 29 . Geyserville Press . 14 April 1950.
  316. News: 'Monumental Blunder' Hinted US TOLD TO WITHDRAW FROM CVP IF WATER RIGHTS ARE MENACED . 26 October 2019 . 59 . 33 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 8 May 1950.
  317. News: Mighty Shasta Dedicated As A Monument to Californians CVP As It Stands 'Only Beginning' Speaker Asserts . 26 October 2019 . 59 . 67 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 17 June 1950.
  318. News: Large Acreage Will Be Served — New Water Supply To Enrich Madera . 26 October 2019 . 59 . 145 . 1F & 8F . Madera Tribune . 19 September 1950.
  319. News: New Water Sources Proposed COOPERATIVE PROGRAM DESIGNED TO PROTECT VALLEY WATERFOWL . 26 October 2019 . 59 . 233 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 3 January 1951.
  320. News: Funds Approved For Friant-Kern . 26 October 2019 . 60 . 17 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 20 April 1951.
  321. News: Mighty CVP . 20 February 2020 . 33 . Healdsburg Tribune, Enterprise and Scimitar . 10 May 1951. 86.
  322. News: State and County Comment: Feather River Dam . 20 February 2020 . 41 . Healdsburg Tribune, Enterprise and Scimitar . 5 July 1951.
  323. News: Great Shasta Dam Opens! - Valley Farms Benefit . 26 October 2019 . 60 . 102 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 1 August 1951.
  324. News: Friant Dam Hailed as Keystone in CVP Water . 26 October 2019 . 60 . 108 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 8 August 1951.
  325. News: WHERE CENTRAL VALLEY'S WATER COMES FROM . 20 February 2020 . 36 . Sausalito News . 13 September 1951. 66.
  326. News: First Full Operation Of C.V.P. Is Milestone In Mankind's Progress . 26 October 2019 . 60 . 148 section 1E . Madera Tribune . 25 September 1951.
  327. News: First Project: 1903 HISTORY OF RECLAMATION IN WEST REVIEWED ON 50TH ANNIVERSARY . 26 October 2019 . 60 . 148 . 2E . Madera Tribune . 25 September 1951.
  328. News: M. I. D. VALIDATION CASE OPENS Court Hears Landowners Protests . 26 October 2019 . 60 . 148 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 25 September 1951.
  329. News: POWER PLAN MAY SPARK AREA BOOM Proposed Development Is Outlined By Chapman . 26 October 2019 . 60 . 275 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 23 February 1952.
  330. News: First Period of Integrated Use BUREAU OF RECLAMATION REPORTS OVER $8 MILLION 1951 INCOME . 27 October 2019 . 60 . 281 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 1 March 1952.
  331. News: $34,940,000 Is Approved For Work On CVP . 27 October 2019 . 60 . 298 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 21 March 1952.
  332. News: 16 Agree To Dispose Of Acreage . 27 October 2019 . 78 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 2 May 1952.
  333. News: CVP Power Sold To Sacramento . 26 October 2019 . 267 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 13 December 1952.
  334. News: $83 Millions Asked In Water Projects For California . 27 October 2019 . 288 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 9 January 1953.
  335. News: Study Damage In Break At Folsom . 26 October 2019 . 289 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 10 January 1953.
  336. News: California Under Attack . 26 October 2019 . 301 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 24 January 1953.
  337. News: Water Case Verdict Could Wreck CVP, Authority Told . 26 October 2019 . 61 . 304 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 28 January 1953.
  338. News: CVP Budget Cut By House Unit . 27 October 2019 . 62 . 24 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 23 April 1953.
  339. News: Reclamation Office Asks Senate To Restore CVP Funds . 27 October 2019 . 62 . 47 . 7 . Madera Tribune . 20 May 1953.
  340. News: Senate Bills Ban 9-E Contracts . 27 October 2019 . 62 . 53 . 7 . Madera Tribune . 28 May 1953.
  341. News: Friant Is Fourth Largest Concrete Dam In World . 20 February 2020 . 154 . Madera Tribune . 26 September 1953. 62.
  342. News: Central Valley Splits California - Plan to Buy Government Multiple Purpose Project Heads to a Showdown . New York Times . 28 December 1953.
  343. News: Fund For CVP Work Is Boosted . 26 October 2019 . 62 . 252 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 21 January 1954.
  344. News: PGE Offers To Buy Out CV Project . 26 October 2019 . 63 . 19 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 4 May 1954.
  345. Web site: Central Valley Project Act Reauthorization . google books . 1958. US Bureau of Reclamation . 29 November 2019.
  346. News: San Luis Unit Of CVP Hits Report Stage . 26 October 2019 . 63 . 127 . 5 . Madera Tribune . 10 September 1954.
  347. News: PG&E Trinity Plan Offers Public Gain of $171 Million . PG&E News Bureau . 21 February 1955.
  348. News: No Immediate Action Termed Vital For Trinity Power Plan Work Could Start Now On Project Commissioner Says Decision Can Wait On Partnership Idea . 22 October 2019 . 63 . 311 . 1 . Madera Tribune.
  349. News: Kuchel Requests Trinity Passage, Holding Other Solon Now Seeks Only One Project Proposes To Leave San Luis For Later Consideration . 22 October 2019 . 64 . 53 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 14 July 1955.
  350. News: CVP Work Plan Given . 22 October 2019 . United press . 64 . 55 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 16 July 1955.
  351. News: House Group Votes Dams For Tulare . 22 October 2019 . 65 . 7 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 21 May 1956.
  352. News: Huge Western Project Slated . 22 October 2019 . 65 . 56 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 19 July 1956.
  353. Web site: California Waterama: The Story of the Feather River Project . Archive.org . Statewide Feather River Project Association . 10 November 2019.
  354. News: PG&E Head Challenges Kuchels Opposition . 22 October 2019 . 65 . 237 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 20 February 1957.
  355. News: Federal Funds At $ 88 Million For Flood Work . 22 October 2019 . 66 . 26 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 13 June 1957.
  356. News: 160-Acre Limit Rulings Draw Court's Perusal . 5 November 2019 . 66 . 129 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 14 October 1957.
  357. News: No. 1 Problem Pumping Out Water Causes Land Shifts . 5 November 2019 . 66 . 142 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 29 October 1957.
  358. News: Feather River Plan World's Biggest Job . 5 November 2019 . 66 . 145 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 1 November 1957.
  359. News: PGE Offers To Renegotiate Contracts . 22 October 2019 . 66 . 202 . 8 . Madera Tribune . 23 January 1958.
  360. News: PGE Offered Best River Deal . 22 October 2019 . United Press . 66 . 211 . 7 . Madera Tribune . 5 February 1958.
  361. News: New Water Plan Backed . 5 November 2019 . 66 . 231 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 5 March 1958.
  362. News: Favorable Report Sought On Bill . 22 October 2019 . 67 . 9 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 26 May 1958.
  363. News: Projects Are Added . 5 November 2019 . 67 . 19 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 9 June 1958.
  364. News: MID CONTRACT OK UNDER NEW RULING U. S. Supreme Court Reverses State Body . 5 November 2019 . 67 . 29 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 23 June 1958.
  365. News: Engle Alarmed Over Reporls PGE Plans NW Hookup . 4 November 2019 . 67 . 195 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 13 February 1959.
  366. News: CVP Inclusion Of Local Dams To Be Discussed . 4 November 2019 . 67 . 246 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 27 April 1959.
  367. News: All Parts Will Share, Brown Says . 4 November 2019 . 257 . Madera Tribune . 12 May 1959. 67.
  368. News: OK Given Public Works In California . 4 November 2019 . 68 . 15 . 8 . Madera Tribune . 3 June 1959.
  369. News: MewFarm Program Needed Sehlmeyi Tells Grange . 20 February 2020 . 248 . Santa Cruz Sentinel . 21 October 1958. 102.
  370. News: Water Bond Bill Is Signed . 4 November 2019 . Madera Tribune . 68 . 41 . 1 . 9 July 1959.
  371. News: Interior Dept. OKs 2 Major CVP Contracts . 22 October 2019 . 68 . 99 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 30 September 1959.
  372. News: MID Seeks Curb On Fresno Move . 22 October 2019 . 68 . 99 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 30 September 1959.
  373. News: Interior Dept. OKs 2 Major CVP Contracts . 4 November 2019 . 68 . 99 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 30 September 1959.
  374. Web site: Addendum to the Coordinated Operation Agreement Central Valley Project/State Water Project . usbr.gov . 20 February 2020.
  375. News: Committee Okays $50,000 to Plan Mojave Reservoir . 5 November 2019 . 66 . 19 . San Bernardino Sun . 1 July 1960.
  376. News: Pact Starts Huge State Water Project First Major Step Taken in Contract For San Luis Dam . 5 November 2019 . 67 . 1 . San Bernardino Sun . 2 February 1961.
  377. News: State Must Continue To Develop Woter Supplies To Keep Ahead Of Population . 27 October 2019 . 70 . 62 . 10 . Madera Tribune . 10 August 1961.
  378. News: Kuchel Appeals For San Luis Project Funds . 5 November 2019 . 68 . 3 . San Bernardino Sun . 17 May 1962.
  379. News: $106 Million for State Water Projects Put in Federal Budget . 5 November 2019 . 69 . 42 . San Bernardino Sun . 18 January 1963.
  380. News: Brown Unveils New Water Finance Plan . 5 November 2019 . 69 . 1 . San Bernardino Sun . 2 March 1963.
  381. News: Senate Votes Against Use Off CVP Bonds . 5 November 2019 . 69 . 7 . San Bernardino Sun . 24 May 1963.
  382. News: Bill Banning Wafer Bonds Sale Defeated . 5 November 2019 . 69 . 10 . San Bernardino Sun . 11 June 1963.
  383. News: Decade of Building Gets Under Way in Early 1960s . 5 November 2019 . 17 . 41 . San Bernardino Sun . 15 December 1963.
  384. News: California's Crescendo Of Water Development . 27 October 2019 . 72 . 171 . 7 . Madera Tribune . 13 January 1964.
  385. News: Big, Small Districts Will Benefit From Water Plan . 27 October 2019 . 72 . 177 . 3 . Madera Tribune . 21 January 1964.
  386. News: California Projects in Water Budget . 5 November 2019 . 70 . 3 . San Bernardino Sun . 22 January 1964.
  387. Web site: Delta History . discoverthedelta.org/ . 20 February 2020 . February 20, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200220172130/https://www.discoverthedelta.org/delta-history/ . dead .
  388. News: White House Gets Santa Clara Low Cost Plea . 5 November 2019 . 71 . 18 . San Bernardino Sun . 14 January 1965.
  389. News: $5 Billion San Luis Project Recreation Development Slated . 5 November 2019 . 74 . 49 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 23 July 1965.
  390. News: PG&E Project Reunites Rivers . 5 November 2019 . 74 . 57 . 21 . Madera Tribune . 4 August 1965.
  391. News: Valley Irrigation Plan Heads To Final Approval In Congress . 5 November 2019 . 74 . 59 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 6 August 1965.
  392. News: Brown Asks Federal Appropriation For State Flood Control Projects . 5 November 2019 . 74 . 87 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 16 September 1965.
  393. News: County Project in LBJ Budget . 5 November 2019 . 72 . 21 . San Bernardino Sun . 25 January 1966.
  394. News: NEXT CENTURY Coastal Water Crisis Is Seen . 5 November 2019 . 74 . 211 . 5 . Madera Tribune . 11 March 1966.
  395. News: State Eyes Water Demands for Over 54 Million by 2020 . 5 November 2019 . 19 . 17 . San Bernardino Sun . 3 April 1966.
  396. News: State Seeks $164 Million For Water Program . 5 November 2019 . 74 . 243 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 26 April 1966.
  397. News: Record Year For Power Generation In Valley . 5 November 2019 . 75 . 170 . 4 . Madera Tribune . 13 January 1967.
  398. News: Yosemite, San Luis Hit By Fund Slowdown . 5 November 2019 . 75 . 178 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 25 January 1967.
  399. News: Milestone In Water Plan: Oroville Dam Is Completed . 5 November 2019 . 76 . 102 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 6 October 1967.
  400. News: Assemblyman Seeks Another $600 Million for Water Job . 5 November 2019 . 74 . 3 . San Bernardino Sun . 18 October 1967.
  401. News: $425 Million Planned By State In Water Resources . 5 November 2019 . 76 . 186 . 2 . Madera Tribune . 5 February 1968.
  402. News: Century-Old Idea Comes True With Dedication Of San Luis . 5 November 2019 . 76 . 240 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 19 April 1968.
  403. News: Proposed $6 Billion Cut Will Force Nationwide Public Works Stoppage . 5 November 2019 . 77 . 3 . 6 . Madera Tribune . 16 May 1968.
  404. News: East Side Feasibility Water Report Wins US. Approval . 5 November 2019 . 77 . 159 . 1 . Madera Tribune . 24 December 1968.
  405. News: State Water Project Gets Needed Funds . 5 November 2019 . 96 . 1 . San Bernardino Evening Telegram and the Evening Index . 12 September 1969.
  406. News: Army Engineers Will Proceed With the Dam . 8 November 2019 . 23 . 103 . 25 . San Bernardino Sun . 15 March 1970.
  407. News: Reagan Wants Canal In San Joaquin Delta . 8 November 2019 . 9 . San Bernardino Sun . 30 April 1970.
  408. News: Nixon Asks $150 Million For State Water Resources . 8 November 2019 . 44 . 152 . 6 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 29 January 1971.
  409. News: writ of review by cpuc asked . 8 November 2019 . 12 . Santa Cruz Sentinel . 15 February 1971. 116.
  410. News: Valley Water Plan Protested By Club . 8 November 2019 . 44 . 193 . 11 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 18 March 1971.
  411. News: Water Resources Board Decision . 8 November 2019 . 44 . 302 . 7 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 23 July 1971.
  412. News: CWRA Hits 'Wild River' Bill . 8 November 2019 . 44 . 308 . 10 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 30 July 1971.
  413. News: Northern California Men In New Agency . 8 November 2019 . 45 . 56 . 10 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 8 October 1971.
  414. Web site: Association of California Water Agencies . ACWA.com . 8 November 2019.
  415. News: Farm Union Key to Better Living Standards Says Unions - Land Limitation for Federal Water Another Key . 8 November 2019 . 68 . 26 . 7 . Calexico Chronicle . 20 January 1972.
  416. News: Water Resource Association Hits Prop. 9 . 8 November 2019 . 45 . 252 . 7 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 25 May 1972.
  417. News: Valley Project Awarded . 8 November 2019 . 30 . San Bernardino Sun . 10 August 1972.
  418. News: Landholders In State Gain Water Subsidy . 8 November 2019 . A3 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 7 December 1972.
  419. Web site: Delta Levees System Integrity Program . bondaccountability.resources.ca.gov . 20 February 2020.
  420. News: Tunney Hits At Bill Cut . 8 November 2019 . B12 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 9 February 1973.
  421. News: Canal Project Debated . 8 November 2019 . A5 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 14 February 1974.
  422. News: Largest Sale of Excess Lands by Bureau in San Joaquin Valley . 8 November 2019 . 69 . 50 . 6 . Calexico Chronicle . 11 July 1974.
  423. News: Canal Project Gains Support . 8 November 2019 . B6 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 25 September 1974.
  424. News: Healdsburg joins other cities in search for electric power . 8 November 2019 . 66 . 1 . Healdsburg Tribune, Enterprise and Scimitar . 4 September 1975.
  425. News: Adequate Water Supply Predicted . 8 November 2019 . A8 . Palm Springs Desert Sun . 28 January 1976.
  426. News: Several Growers File Big Lawsuit . 8 November 2019 . 120 . 70 . 42 . Santa Cruz Sentinel . 24 March 1976.
  427. News: Pacheco Tunnel Work Slated To Begin Sometime In July . 8 November 2019 . 95 . Santa Cruz Sentinel . 22 April 1976. 120.
  428. Web site: Delta Timeiline . watereducation.org . 20 February 2020.
  429. News: Many state farmers face 75 pet. irrigation cutback . 8 November 2019 . 1 . San Bernardino Sun . 8 February 1977.
  430. News: Westland Land Sales - Bonadelle raps Bureau for its 'Double Standard' . B1 . Fresno Bee . 25 February 1977.
  431. News: President Dump 15 Water Projects . 19 November 2019 . 1 . San Bernardino Sun . 17 April 1977.
  432. News: Baker . George . A Capital Laugh - Pine Flats Dam For Sale? . Fresno Bee . 21 April 1977.
  433. News: Keene backs Peripheral Canal . 8 November 2019 . 50 . A10 . Healdsburg Tribune, Enterprise and Scimitar . 15 September 1977.
  434. News: Periphreal Canal Dead . 5 November 2019 . page 1 . San Bernardino Sun . 16 September 1977.
  435. News: Report: Westlands Violates 160 Acre law . 23 November 2019 . Fresno Bee . 5 November 1977.
  436. News: Patterson . William . Bankruptcy Referee Approves Sale of Roberts Farm Land . G2 . Fresno Bee . 30 November 1977.
  437. News: Publisher Denies Interest Conflict In Rapping 160-Acre Limit . 2 . Fresno Bee . 11 December 1977.
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