Demographics of Bosnia and Herzegovina explained

Place:Bosnia and Herzegovina
Size Of Population:3,219,415 (2022 est.)
Nation:Bosnian
Birth:8.41 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life:77.98 years
Fertility:1.36 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Death:10.26 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Major Ethnic:Bosniak (50.1%)
Minor Ethnic:Serb (30.7%),Croat (15.4%)
Official:Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian
Spoken:Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian
Age 0–14 Years:13.18%
Age 65 Years:16.22%
Growth:-0.22% (2022 est.)
Net Migration:-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Sr At Birth:1.07 male(s)/female
Sr Under 15:1.07 male(s)/female
Sr 65 Years Over:0.42 male(s)/female
Total Mf Ratio:0.95 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Infant Mortality:5.21 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Male:75.02 years
Life Female:81.15 years

Demographic features of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Demographic characteristics

Vital statistics

[1] Source: Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina[2]

Mid-year populationLive birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Total fertility rateFemale fertile population (15-49 years)
19472,532,00084,60038,900      45,70033.415.418.0
19482,581,98790,70041,600      49,10035.116.119.0647,112
19492,641,99098,20042,200      56,00037.216.021.2669,152
19502,662,010102,68035,991      66,68938.613.525.15.17691,192
19512,721,00992,33046,358      45,97233.917.016.94.51713,232
19522,790,991112,21634,81777,39940.212.527.75.33735,272
19532,863,124110,37341,199      69,17438.514.424.24.84757,312
19542,916,007115,85435,15880,69639.712.127.74.93765,462
19552,973,986110,86640,513      70,35337.313.623.74.59773,612
19563,025,000111,56138,320      73,24136.912.724.24.48781,761
19573,076,006102,64936,830      65,81933.412.021.44.02789,911
19583,126,012110,33230,123      80,20935.39.625.74.22798,061
19593,185,005108,12332,507      75,61633.910.223.74.06806,211
19603,240,010110,49933,360      77,13934.110.323.84.06814,360
19613,291,684108,07629,413      78,66332.88.923.93.91822,510
19623,338,505106,82631,087      75,73932.09.322.73.86838,877
19633,385,326104,24029,161      75,07930.88.622.23.75855,245
19643,432,147101,14729,846      71,30129.58.720.83.62871,612
19653,478,968101,35127,814      73,53729.18.021.13.61887,979
19663,525,78997,68925,138      72,55127.77.120.63.46904,347
19673,572,60992,97226,195      66,77726.07.318.73.28920,714
19683,619,43089,13426,031      63,10324.67.217.43.14937,081
19693,666,25187,68727,805      59,88223.97.616.33.05953,448
19703,713,07279,29626,355      52,94121.47.114.32.74969,816
19713,759,89382,69424,915      57,77922.06.615.42.83986,183
19723,797,52382,06826,844      55,22421.67.114.52.76998,220
19733,835,15477,89624,672      53,22420.36.413.92.571,010,257
19743,872,78477,83323,661      54,17220.16.114.02.521,022,293
19753,910,41478,84425,571      53,27320.26.513.62.511,034,330
19763,948,04579,06125,178      53,88320.06.413.62.471,046,367
19773,985,67575,66924,821      50,84819.06.212.82.321,058,404
19784,023,30573,30626,016      47,29018.26.511.82.211,070,441
19794,060,93571,12025,370      45,75017.56.211.32.101,082,477
19804,098,56670,92826,115      44,81317.36.410.92.061,094,514
19814,136,19671,03126,222      44,80917.26.310.82.031,106,551
19824,160,28073,37526,775      46,60017.66.411.22.091,105,958
19834,184,36374,29629,999      44,29717.87.210.62.121,105,366
19844,208,44774,53929,046      45,49317.76.910.82.131,104,773
19854,232,53172,72228,966      43,75617.26.810.32.081,104,181
19864,256,61571,20329,127      42,07616.76.89.92.041,103,588
19874,280,69870,89829,382      41,51616.66.99.72.031,102,995
19884,304,78270,71129,555      41,15616.46.99.62.031,102,403
19894,328,86666,80930,383      36,42615.47.08.41.921,101,810
19904,352,94966,95229,093      37,85915.46.78.71.931,101,218
19914,377,03364,76930,680      34,08914.87.07.81.871,100,625
1992*
1993*
1994*
1995*
19963,368,59746,59425,15221,44213.87.56.41.88862,840
19973,398,26448,06127,87520,18614.18.25.91.95866,251
19983,423,92145,00728,67916,32813.18.44.81.83870,474
19993,445,17242,46428,63713,82712.38.34.01.73874,188
20003,462,33639,56330,4829,08111.48.82.61.61876,695
20013,478,67937,71730,3257,39210.88.72.11.54879,484
20023,493,14636,48530,8315,65410.48.81.61.49881,166
20033,498,29134,69132,0182,6739.99.20.81.42879,547
20043,501,46733,86232,2231,6399.79.20.51.38877,903
20053,503,63433,23333,925-6929.59.7-0.21.36875,167
20063,500,21233,03832,6523869.49.30.11.36871,089
20073,498,02332,80134,392-1,5919.49.8-0.51.35867,212
20083,493,73734,02333,8711529.79.70.01.41859,217
20093,491,32734,44934,709-2609.99.9-0.11.43851,596
20103,488,44133,44534,905-1,4609.610.0-0.41.40847,365
20113,484,15431,69434,820-3,1269.110.0-0.91.33843,765
20123,479,33932,41435,578-3,1649.310.2-0.91.36839,698
20133,473,82630,55135,379-4,8288.810.2-1.41.30832,872
20143,466,50730,13435,692-5,5588.710.3-1.61.29825,060
20153,456,50029,64737,876-8,2298.611.0-2.41.28815,928
20163,447,00129,98536,065-6,0808.710.5-1.81.30806,794
2017 3,437,45330,06137,453-7,3928.710.9-2.21.31797,851
20183,427,36929,32837,237-7,9098.610.9-2.31.29789,269
20193,415,75228,19238,237-10,0458.311.2-2.91.26781,299
20203,403,63827,15643,808-16,6528.012.9-4.91.23772,876
20213,378,82126,99349,682-22,6898.014.7-6.71.24763,709
20223,358,49626,51640,692-14,1767.912.1-4.21.23755,419
20233,345,81826,29434,983-8,6897.910.5-2.61.23748,332
*No data for the period 1992-1995

Current vital statistics

[3]

PeriodLive birthsDeathsNatural increase
January - March 20235,6129,315-3,703
January - March 20245,5209,129-3,609
Difference -92 (-1.64%) -186 (-2.00%) +94

Structure of the population

Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total1 732 2701 798 889 3 531 159100
0–489 44284 622174 0644.93
5–990 881 86 099176 9805.01
10–1498 65394 022192 6755.46
15–19124 900117 842242 7426.87
20–24116 883111 173228 0566.46
25–29129 248123 070252 3187.15
30–34128 593124 040252 6337.15
35–39126 145123 121249 2667.06
40–44121 595119 543241 1386.83
45–49130 087130 841260 9287.39
50–54136 153140 422276 5757.83
55–59125 576132 961258 5377.32
60–64104 970118 281223 2516.32
65-6969 06684 503153 5694.35
70-7459 85480 601140 4553.98
75-7947 40369 864117 2673.32
80-8423 76938 86762 6361.77
85+9 05219 01728 0690.79
Age group MaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–14278 976264 743543 71915.40
15–641 244 1501 241 2942 485 44470.39
65+209 144292 852501 99614.22

Vital statistics by entity

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

[4] [5]

Source: Institute for Statistics of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina[6]

| style="text-align:right;" |2,196,233| style="text-align:right;" |18,899| style="text-align:right;" |21,442| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-2,543| style="text-align:right;" |8.6| style="text-align:right;" |9.8| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-1.2| style="text-align:right;" |1.25| style="text-align:right;" |522,242|-|2019[11] | style="text-align:right;" |2,190,098| style="text-align:right;" |18,019| style="text-align:right;" |22,024| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-4,005| style="text-align:right;" |8.2| style="text-align:right;" |10.1| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-1.8| style="text-align:right;" | 1.21| style="text-align:right;" |516,595|-|2020[12] | style="text-align:right;" |2,184,680| style="text-align:right;" |17,211| style="text-align:right;" |26,026| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-8,815| style="text-align:right;" |7.9| style="text-align:right;" |11.9| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-4.0| style="text-align:right;" |1.16| style="text-align:right;" |512,053|-|2021[13] | style="text-align:right;" |2,168,602| style="text-align:right;" |16,873| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |29,086| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-12,213| style="text-align:right;" |7.8| style="text-align:right;" |13.4| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-5.6| style="text-align:right;" |1.15| style="text-align:right;" |506,760|-|2022| style="text-align:right;" |2,156,846| style="text-align:right;" |16,538| style="text-align:right;" |23,187| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-6,649| style="text-align:right;" |7.7| style="text-align:right;" |10.8| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-3.1| style="text-align:right;" |1.14| style="text-align:right;" |501,018|-|2023| style="text-align:right;" |2,150,054| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |16,174| style="text-align:right;" |20,361| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-4,187| style="text-align:right;" |7.5| style="text-align:right;" |9.5| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |-1.9| style="text-align:right; color:red;" |1.13| style="text-align:right;" |496,545|}
Current vital statistics

[14]

PeriodLive birthsDeathsNatural increase
January - April 20234,5956,712-2,117
January - April 20244,4546,444-1,990
Difference -141 (-3.07%) -268 (-3.99%) +127

Republika Srpska

[15] [16]

Source: Republika Srpska Institute of Statistics[17]

Current vital statistics

[25]

Brčko District

Source: Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Statistics of the Brčko District BiH[26]

Current vital statistics

[35]

PeriodLive birthsDeathsNatural increase
January - March 2023171318-147
January - March 2024189314-125
Difference +18 (+10.53%) -4 (-1.26%) +22

Marriages and divorces

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Republika Srpska

Brčko District

Life expectancy at birth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

PeriodLife expectancy in
Years[37]
1950-195553.67
1955-1960 58.46
1960-1965 61.93
1965-1970 64.73
1970-1975 67.57
1975-1980 69.87
1980-1985 70.72
1985-1990 71.95
1990-1995 70.13
1995-2000 73.61
2000-2005 74.81
2005-2010 75.53
2010-2015 76.53
2015-2020 77.18

Ethnic groups

See main article: Ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina and National minorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to data from the 2013 census published by the Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosniaks constitute 50.11% of the population, Bosnian Serbs 30.78%, Bosnian Croats 15.43%, and others form 2.73%, with the remaining respondents not declaring their ethnicity or not answering.[38]

The census results are contested by the Republika Srpska statistical office and by Bosnian Serb politicians,[39] who oppose the inclusion of non-permanent Bosnian residents in the figures.[40]

The European Union's statistics office, Eurostat, determined that the methodology used by the Bosnian statistical agency was in line with international recommendations.[41]

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, religion is often linked to ethnicity, i.e. (with the exception of agnostics and atheists) most Bosniaks are Muslim, Serbs are Orthodox Christian, and Croats are Roman Catholic.

Population of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to ethnic group 1948-2013
Ethnic
group		census 1948census 1953census 1961census 1971census 1981census 1991census UNHCR 1996census 2013[42] change 1991-2013
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%
Muslims/Bosniaks788,40330.7891,80031.3842,24825.71,482,43039.61,629,92439.51,902,95643.481,805,91046.11,769,592 50.11-133,364+6.63pp
Serbs1,136,11644.31,264,37244.41,406,05742.91,393,14837.21,320,64432.01,366,10431.221,484,53037.91,086,733 30.78-279,371 -0.44pp
Croats614,12323.9654,22923.0711,66521.7772,49120.6758,13618.4760,85217.39571,31714.6544,780 15.43-216,072-1.96pp
Yugoslavs275,8838.443,7961.2326,2807.9242,6825.552,5700.07
Montenegrins3,0940.17,3360.312,8280.413,0210.314,1140.310,0710.231,8830.05
Roma4420.02,2970.15880.01,4560.07,2510.28,8640.2012,583 0.36
Albanians3,6420.13,7640.14,3960.14,9250.112,569 0.07
Others/undeclared23,0990.927,7561.028,6790.836,005163,2631.580,5791.8458,1961.5110,4493.13
Total2,565,2772,847,7903,277,9483,746,1114,124,0084,377,0333,919,9533,531,159

Languages

Bosnia's constitution does not specify any official languages;[43] [44] [45] however, academics Hilary Footitt and Michael Kelly note that the Dayton Agreement states that it is "done in Bosnian, Croatian, English and Serbian", and they describe this as the "de facto recognition of three official languages" at the state level. The equal status of Bosnian, Serbian and Croatian was verified by the Constitutional Court in 2000.[45] It ruled that the provisions of the Federation and Republika Srpska constitutions on language were incompatible with the state constitution, since they only recognised "Bosniak" and Croatian (in the case of the Federation) and Serbian (in the case of Republika Srpska) as official languages at the entity level.

As a result, the wording of the entity constitutions was changed and all three languages were made official in both entities.[45] The three languages are mutually intelligible and are also known collectively as Serbo-Croatian. Use of one of the three varieties has become a marker of ethnic identity.[46] Michael Kelly and Catherine Baker argue: "The three official languages of today's Bosnian state...represent the symbolic assertion of national identity over the pragmatism of mutual intelligibility".[47]

All standard varieties are based on the Ijekavian varieties of the Shtokavian dialect (non-standard spoken varieties including, beside Ijekavian, also Ikavian Shtokavian). Serbian and Bosnian are written in both Latin and Cyrillic (the latter predominantly using the Latin script), whereas Croatian is written only in Latin alphabet. There are also some speakers of Italian, German, Turkish and Ladino. Yugoslav Sign Language is used with Croatian and Serbian variants.

According to the results of the 2013 census, 52.86% of the population consider their mother tongue to be Bosnian, 30.76% Serbian, 14.6% Croatian and 1.57% another language, with 0.21% not giving an answer.[38]

Religion

See main article: Religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

According to the 2013 census, 50.7% of the population identify religiously as Muslim, 30.75% as Serbian Orthodox Christian, 15.19% as Roman Catholic, 1.15% as other, 1.1% as agnostic or atheist, with the remainder not declaring their religion or not answering.[38] A 2012 survey found that 47% of Bosnia's Muslims are non-denominational Muslims, while 45% follow Sunnism.[48] In Bosnia and Herzegovina, religion is strongly linked to ethnicity.

Demographic statistics

See main article: List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Population

3,378,821

Age structure

0-14 years: 13.18% (male 261,430/female 244,242)

15-24 years: 10.83% (male 214,319/female 201,214)

25-54 years: 44.52% (male 859,509/female 848,071)

55-64 years: 15.24% (male 284,415/female 300,168)

65 years and over: 16.22% (male 249,624/female 372,594) (2020 est.)

Median age

Total: 43.3 years

Male: 41.6 years

Female: 44.8 years (2020 est.)

Sex ratio

At birth: 1.07 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female

Total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Infant mortality rate

Total: 5.32 deaths/1,000 live births

Male: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births

Female: 5.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Total population: 77.74 years

Male: 74.76 years

Female: 80.93 years (2021 est.)

HIV/AIDS

Adult prevalence rate: less than 0.1% (2018)

People living with HIV/AIDS: Less than 500 (2018)

Deaths: less than 100 (2018)

Literacy

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write

Total population: 98.5%

Male: 99.5%

Female: 97.5% (2015 est.)

See also

Religion:

Groups:

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Eurostat database. ec.europa.eu.
  2. Web site: Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina. bhas.gov.ba.
  3. Web site: Natural population change. bhas.gov.ba.
  4. Web site: Population bulletins. fzs.ba.
  5. Web site: Statistical Yearbook. fzs.ba.
  6. Web site: Institute for Statistics of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. fzs.ba.
  7. Web site: Statistical Yearbook 2006. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/SG2006.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . fzs.ba.
  8. Web site: POPULATION OF THE FEDERATION BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 1996 - 2006. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/stanovnistvo-bilten110.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . fzs.ba.
  9. Web site: Demographics, 2017 . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Demografska-statistika-2017.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . fzs.ba.
  10. Web site: Demographics, 2018. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Demografija_.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live .
  11. Web site: Demographics, 2019. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/DEMOGRAFSKA-STATISTIKA-2019-SB-307.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . fzs.ba.
  12. Web site: Demographics, 2020. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Demografska-statistika-2020.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . fzs.ba.
  13. Web site: Demographics, 2021. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Demografija.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . fzs.ba.
  14. Web site: PRIRODNO KRETANJE STANOVNIŠTVA I BRAKOVI PO MJESECIMA (Natural changes of population and marriages by months). fzs.ba.
  15. Web site: Republika Srpska Institute of Statistics.
  16. Web site: Population bulletins. rzs.rs.ba.
  17. Web site: Republika Srpska Institute of Statistics. rzs.rs.ba.
  18. Web site: STATISTICAL YEARBOOK OF REPUBLIKA SRPSKA, 2009. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.rzs.rs.ba/static/uploads/bilteni/godisnjak/2009/Godisnjak2009_Yearbook2009.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . rzs.rs.ba.
  19. Web site: DEMOGRAPHIC STATISTICS, 2019 . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www2.rzs.rs.ba/static/uploads/bilteni/stanovnistvo/BiltenDemografskaStatistika_2019_WEB.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live . rzs.rs.ba.
  20. Web site: Statistical Yearbook of Republika Srpska, 2019. 2020-01-04. 2020-07-11. https://web.archive.org/web/20200711153437/https://www.rzs.rs.ba/static/uploads/bilteni/godisnjak/2019/StatistickiGodisnjak_2019_WEB.pdf. dead. rzs.rs.ba.
  21. Web site: DEMOGRAPHIC STATISTICS, 2020. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.rzs.rs.ba/static/uploads/bilteni/stanovnistvo/BiltenDemografskaStatistika_2020_WEB.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live. rzs.rs.ba.
  22. Web site: Statistical Yearbook of Republika Srpska, 2020. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.rzs.rs.ba/static/uploads/bilteni/godisnjak/2020/05stn_2020.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live. rzs.rs.ba.
  23. Web site: Births and deaths in Republika Srpska, 2020. rzs.rs.ba.
  24. Web site: Births and deaths in Republika Srpska, 2021. rzs.rs.ba.
  25. Web site: Monthly statistical review. rzs.rs.ba.
  26. Web site: Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Statistics of the Brčko District BiH. bhas.gov.ba.
  27. Web site: Demographics 2002-2003. 2020-03-14. 2019-05-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20190529202844/http://www.bhas.ba/publikacijebd/2008-statisticki-bilten-1.pdf. dead. bhas.ba.
  28. Web site: Demographics 2004-2008. 2020-03-14. 2020-08-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20200802012339/http://www.bhas.ba/publikacijebd/2009-demografija.pdf. dead. bhas.ba.
  29. Web site: Demographics 2008-2012. 2020-03-14. 2019-05-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20190529150536/http://www.bhas.ba/publikacijebd/Demografija%20za%202012%20bilten__BOS.pdf. dead. bhas.ba.
  30. Web site: Demographics 2013-2017. 2020-03-14. 2020-08-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20200802012328/http://www.bhas.ba/publikacijebd/BRC_2018_001_DEM.pdf. dead. bhas.ba.
  31. Web site: DEMOGRAFIJA u Brčko distriktu BiH 2014-2018.godina. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://bhas.gov.ba/data/Publikacije/Bilteni/2019/BRC_07_2018_TB_0_BS.pdf . 2022-10-09 . live. bhas.gov.ba.
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