Central Bontok language explained

Central Bontok
Also Known As:Central Bontoc
States:Philippines
Region:Cordillera Administrative Region
Date:2007 census
Ref:e25
Nativename:Bontoc, Bontoc Igorot, Kali
Iso3:lbk
Glotto:cent2292
Familycolor:Austronesian
Fam1:Malayo-Polynesian
Fam2:Northern Luzon
Fam3:Meso-Cordilleran
Fam4:South-Central Cordilleran
Fam5:Central Cordilleran
Fam6:North-Central Cordilleran
Fam7:Nuclear Cordilleran
Fam8:Bontok-Kankanay
Fam9:Bontok

Central Bontok (or Kali) is a language of the Bontoc group from the Philippines. The 2007 census claimed there were 19,600 speakers.

Distribution

Ethnologue reports the following locations for Central Bontok:

Cordillera Administrative Region

Mountain Province: Bontoc municipality, Bontoc ili, Caluttit, Dalican, Guina-ang, Ma-init, Maligcong, Samoki, and Tocucan villages.

Dialects

Ethnologue reports 5 dialects for Central Bontok: Khinina-ang, Finontok, Sinamoki, Jinallik, Minaligkhong and Tinokukan.

Similarities

Ethnologue reports that the language is similar to other Bontoc languages, These languages are: North Bontok, Southwest Bontok, South Bontok, and East Bontok.

Phonology

Consonants

The Guinaang dialect of Central Bontok has the following inventory of consonant phonemes:[1]

LabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosivepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
pronounced as /ink/
pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Affricatepronounced as /ink/
Fricativepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Nasalpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Approximantpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Rhoticpronounced as /ink/
Originally (as documented in the mid 20th century), the sounds pairs pronounced as /[b ~ f]/, pronounced as /[d ~ ts]/, pronounced as /[g ~ kʰ]/, pronounced as /[l ~ ɾ]/ were in complementary distribution and thus allophones of the phonemes pronounced as //b//, pronounced as //d//, pronounced as //g//, and pronounced as //l//, respectively (e.g. pronounced as /[ˈtsaɾa]/ for pronounced as //ˈdala// "blood"). With the introduction of loanwords from English, Ilokano and Tagalog, these contrasts have become phonemicized. The phoneme pronounced as //h// was also introduced in modern loanwords.

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Lawrence A. Reid . Lawrence A. Reid . Kikusawa Ritsuko . Orthography . Talking Dictionary of Khinina-ang Bontok . Osaka . National Museum of Ethnography . 8 Jun 2022.