Celaenorrhinus ruficornis explained

Celaenorrhinus ruficornis,[1] [2] commonly known as the Tamil spotted flat,[3] is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae which is found in India, Java, and the Sulawesi Region.[4] [5] [6] [7]

Range

The subspecies, Celaenorrhinus ruficornis fusca Hampson, 1889[8] occurs in India in the Western Ghats, Nilgiris and the Palni hills.[4] [2] [3] [9]

A record in Calcutta may be vagrant or mistaken.[10]

Description

The butterfly has a wingspan of 45 to 50 mm. The butterflies resemble the common spotted flat except that the discal spot in 2 and the spot end cell of the forewing are separate. The upper hindwing is only obscurely marked. The antenna is chequered and has a white club.[10]

Habits

It is common along the Western Ghats, especially during the monsoon. It may be caught in the daytime by beating out roadside patches of Lantana camara.[10]

Life history

Food plants: Phaulopsis, Strobilanthes (Acanthaceae).[11]

See also

References

Print

. Evans . W. H. . William Harry Evans . The Identification of Indian Butterflies . 2nd . Mumbai, India . . 1932.

. Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth . Butterflies of the Indian Region . 1957 . Bombay, India . . 978-8170192329. Online

Notes and References

  1. Book: Mabille, Paul. Paul Mabille

    . Annales de la Société entomologique de Belgique . Paul Mabille. Société entomologique de Belgique. 1878 . 32–33.

  2. Web site: Savela . Markku . October 24, 2019 . Celaenorrhinus ruficornis (Mabille, 1878) . Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms . August 28, 2020.
  3. Book: William Harry Evans

    . Evans . W. H. . William Harry Evans . The Identification of Indian Butterflies . 2nd . Mumbai, India . . 1932 . 327, ser no I11.20.

  4. Book: A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India . Varshney . R. K. . Smetacek. Peter. Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing . 2015. 978-81-929826-4-9. New Delhi. 37. 10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164.
  5. Book: Watson, E. Y. . Edward Yerbury Watson

    . Hesperiidae Indicae: being a reprint of descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon . Edward Yerbury Watson. Vest and Company. 1891. Madras. 141.

  6. Book: Evans, W. H. . William Harry Evans

    . A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum . William Harry Evans . British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology. 1949. London. 102.

  7. Vane-Wright, R.I, & de Jong, R. (2003). The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 343, 3–267 https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/220217/ page 61
  8. Book: Hampson, G. F.. George Hampson

    . Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal: Butterflies of the Nilgiri District. George Hampson. Asiatic Society of Bengal. 1888. Calcutta. 367.

  9. Evans (1932) gives range of C.r. area Plotz as South India to Bengal; C. r. ruficornis, Mabille as Java and C. r. celebica Evans, 1932 as Sulawesi. Reorganisation of the species appears to have led to restriction of the range of the species.
  10. Book: Wynter-Blyth, Mark Alexander . Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth

    . Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth . Butterflies of the Indian Region . 1957 . Bombay, India . . 978-8170192329 . 460–461.

  11. As per Igarashi & Fukuda (2000) which provide illustrations of food plant, larva and pupa vide this site