Category of elements explained

In category theory, a branch of mathematics, the category of elements of a presheaf is a category associated to that presheaf whose objects are the elements of sets in the presheaf.

The category of elements of a simplicial set is fundamental in simplicial homotopy theory, a branch of algebraic topology. More generally, the category of elements plays a key role in the proof that every weighted colimit can be expressed as an ordinary colimit, which is in turn necessary for the basic results in theory of pointwise left Kan extensions, and the characterization of the presheaf category as the free cocompletion of a category.

Definition

Let

C

be a category and let

F:C\rm\toSets

be a set-valued functor. The category of elements of (also denoted) is the category whose:

(A,a)

where

A\in\rmOb(C)

and

a\inFA

.

(A,a)\to(B,b)

are arrows

f:A\toB

of

C

such that

(Ff)b=a

.

An equivalent definition is that the category of elements of

F

is the comma category, where is a singleton (a set with one element).

The category of elements of is naturally equipped with a projection functor that sends an object to, and an arrow to its underlying arrow in .

As a functor from presheaves to small categories

For small, this construction can be extended into a functor from to, the category of small categories. Using the Yoneda lemma one can show that, where is the Yoneda embedding. This isomorphism is natural in and thus the functor is naturally isomorphic to .

See also

References

. Categories for the Working Mathematician. Springer-Verlag. 1998. 2nd. Graduate Texts in Mathematics 5. Saunders Mac Lane. 0-387-98403-8.