Kashibo language explained

Cashibo
Nativename:Cacataibo
States:Perú
Ethnicity:Cashibo people
Date:2007
Ref:e18
Familycolor:American
Fam1:Panoan
Fam2:Mainline Panoan
Dia1:Cashibo
Dia2:Cacataibo
Dia3:Rubo / Isunbo
Dia4:Nocaman
Glotto:cash1251
Glottorefname:Cashibo-Cacataibo
Iso3:cbr

Cashibo (Caxibo, Cacibo, Cachibo, Cahivo), Cacataibo, Cashibo-Cacataibo, Managua, or Hagueti is an indigenous language of Peru in the region of the Aguaytía, San Alejandro, and Súngaro rivers. It belongs to the Panoan language family.

Dialects are Kashibo (Kaschinõ), Rubo/Isunbo, Kakataibo, and Nokamán,[1] which until recently had been thought to be extinct.

Phonology

Consonants

BilabialAlveolarRetroflexPalatalVelarGlottal
plainlab.
Plosivepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Nasalpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Tap/Flappronounced as /ink/
Affricatepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Fricativepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Approximantpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
The consonant inventory includes both a bilabial approximant, realized as [<nowiki/>[[β̞]]], and a labial-velar approximant /w/.

Vowels

FrontCentralBack
Closepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Midpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Openpronounced as /ink/
Back vowels /o/ and /u/ are phonetically realized as less rounded; [<nowiki/>[[Relative articulation#More and less rounded|o̜]]], [<nowiki/>[[Relative articulation#More and less rounded|u̜]]].[2]

Statistics

The language is official along the Aguaytía, San Alejandro, and Súngaro rivers in Perú where it is most widely spoken. It is used in schools until third grade. There are not many monolinguals, although some women over the age of fifty are.

There is five to ten percent literacy compared to fifteen to twenty-five percent literacy in Spanish as a second language. A Cashibo-Cacataibo dictionary has been compiled, and there is a body of literature, especially poetry.

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Biondi, Roberto Zariquiey. 2013. Tessmann's : a linguistic investigation of a mysterious Panoan group. Cadernos de Etnolingüística, volume 5, número 2, dezembro/2013.
  2. Zariquiey Biondi . Roberto . A Grammar of Kashibo-Kakataibo . 2011 . Ph.D. . La Trobe University . 1959.9/524397 . free .