| County: | Carroll County |
| State: | Mississippi |
| Founded: | 1833 |
| Seat: | Carrollton (Northern District) Vaiden (Southern District) |
| Largest City: | Vaiden |
| City Type: | town |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 635 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 628 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 6.3 |
| Area Percentage: | 1.0 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 9998 |
| Pop Est As Of: | 2022 |
| Population Est: | 9731 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | auto |
| Web: | https://carrollcountyms.org |
| Ex Image: | Carroll County MS Courthouse Carrollton.jpg |
| Ex Image Cap: | Carroll County Courthouse |
| District: | 2nd |
| Time Zone: | Central |
| Named For: | Charles Carroll of Carrollton |
Carroll County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,998.[1] Its county seats are Carrollton and Vaiden.[2] The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton,[3] the last surviving signatory of the Declaration of Independence.
Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered to lie within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land, however, is in the hill country.
The Porter Wagoner song "The Carroll County Accident" was set here. The county is referred to in the third verse of Bobbie Gentry's 1967 hit song, "Ode to Billie Joe".
This area was developed by European Americans for cotton plantations near the rivers. These were dependent on the labor of large gangs of enslaved African Americans. After the American Civil War, many freedmen worked as sharecroppers or tenant farmers on the plantations. Other areas were harvested for timber.
In the period from 1877 to 1950, Carroll County had 29 documented lynchings of African Americans, the second-highest number in the state.[4]
Carroll County consists of rolling hills, largely covered with trees.[5] The county's highest point is adjacent to State Highway 35, 8miles WSW of Winona, at 540feet ASL.[6] According to the Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which is land and (1.0%) is water.[7]
From 1940 to 1970, the county population declined markedly, as many African Americans left in the Great Migration to West Coast cities that had a growing defense industry. Others went North to Chicago and other industrial cities. Rural whites also moved to cities to find work.
| White (non-Hispanic) | 6,529 | 65.3% | |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 3,030 | 30.31% | |
| Native American | 15 | 0.15% | |
| Asian | 29 | 0.29% | |
| Other/Mixed | 241 | 2.41% | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 154 | 1.54% |
As of the 2000 United States Census,[9] there were 10,769 people, 4,071 households, and 3,069 families in the county. The population density was 17/mi2. There were 4,888 housing units at an average density of 8/mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 62.67% White, 36.61% Black or African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.13% from other races, and 0.36% from two or more races. 0.73% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 4,071 households, out of which 32.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.20% were married couples living together, 15.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.60% were non-families. 22.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.01.
The largest ancestry groups in Carroll County were English 51%, African 38.6%, and Scots-Irish 12.1%
The county population contained 24.50% under the age of 18, 9.60% from 18 to 24, 26.70% from 25 to 44, 25.70% from 45 to 64, and 13.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.00 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $28,878, and the median income for a family was $35,711. Males had a median income of $28,459 versus $19,695 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,744. About 13.70% of families and 16.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.30% of those under age 18 and 23.50% of those age 65 or over.
Carroll County School District is the area public school district. It operates one high school, J. Z. George High School, and formerly operated Vaiden High School.
Carroll Academy is an area private school that is financially supported by the Council of Conservative Citizens, a white supremacist group.[10]
Pillow Academy in unincorporated Leflore County, near Greenwood, enrolls some students from Carroll County.[11] It originally was a segregation academy.[12]
Carroll County is a statewide bellwether. Since 1840, every statewide winner has carried Carroll County in presidential elections.