Caroxazone Explained

Caroxazone (Surodil, Timostenil) is an antidepressant which was formerly used for the treatment of depression but is now no longer marketed.^{[1] [2]} It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (RIMA) of both MAO-A and MAO-B subtypes, with five-fold preference for the latter.^{[3] [4] [5] [6] [7]}

Synthesis

Synthesis starts by reductive amination of salicylaldehyde and glycinamide to give 3. The synthesis is completed by reaction with phosgene and NaHCO₃.

See also

• Paraxazone, an isomer of Caroxazone

Notes and References

1. Book: Dictionary of organic compounds . Chapman & Hall . London . 1996 . 0-412-54090-8 .
2. Cecchini S, Petri P, Ardito R, Bareggi SR, Torriti A . 40464443 . A comparative double-blind trial of the new antidepressant caroxazone and amitriptyline . The Journal of International Medical Research . 6 . 5 . 388–94 . 1978 . 359383 . 10.1177/030006057800600507 .
3. Book: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors in neurological diseases . M. Dekker . New York . 1994 . 0-8247-9082-0 .
4. Moretti A, Caccia C, Martini A, Bonollo L, Amico A, Sega R, Nicolella V, Nicolis FB . 6 . Effect of caroxazone, a new antidepressant drug, on monoamine oxidases in healthy volunteers . British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology . 11 . 5 . 511–5 . May 1981 . 7272163 . 1401585 . 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01158.x .
5. Moretti A, Caccia C, Calderini G, Menozzi M, Amico A . Studies on the mechanism of action of caroxazone, a new antidepressant drug . Biochemical Pharmacology . 30 . 19 . 2728–31 . October 1981 . 6170295 . 10.1016/0006-2952(81)90549-9 .
6. Martini A, Bonollo L, Nicolis FB, Sega R, Palermo A . Effects of caroxazone, a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, on the pressor response to oral tyramine in man . British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology . 11 . 6 . 611–5 . June 1981 . 7272178 . 1402186 . 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01178.x .
7. Martini A, Bonollo L, Nicolis FB, Sega R, Palermo A, Braibanti E . Effects of caroxazone, a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, on the pressor response to intravenous tyramine in man . British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology . 11 . 6 . 605–10 . June 1981 . 7272177 . 1402193 . 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01177.x .