Carnforth Explained

Static Image Name:Carnforth Station - geograph.org.uk - 48655.jpg
Static Image Width:240
Static Image Caption:Carnforth station in 2005
Official Name:Carnforth
Country:England
Region:North West England
Os Grid Reference:SD499704
Population:5,560
Population Ref:(2011)
Coordinates:54.123°N -2.766°W
Post Town:CARNFORTH
Postcode Area:LA
Postcode District:LA5
Dial Code:01524
Civil Parish:Carnforth
Pushpin Map:United Kingdom City of Lancaster
Pushpin Map Caption:Shown within the City of Lancaster district

Carnforth is a market town and civil parish in the City of Lancaster in Lancashire, England, situated at the north-east end of Morecambe Bay. The parish of Carnforth had a population of 5,560 in the 2011 census, an increase from the 5,350 recorded in the 2001 census.[1] The town is situated around 7 miles north of Lancaster, 17 miles south of Kendal, 40 miles east (bisected by Morecambe Bay) of Barrow-in-Furness and 28 miles northwest of Settle. The town is also close to the Cumbria/Lancashire border.

Carnforth grew in the 19th century through the presence of the railway and ironworks. Due to the closeness of the coast and the hills, Carnforth is a popular base for walkers and cyclists exploring the area. The River Keer, the West Coast Main Line (WCML), the A6 and the Lancaster Canal pass through the town. The M6 motorway passes just to the east, linked to Carnforth by the A6070 (formerly the A601(M)) which was originally part of the Lancaster bypass before the M6 was extended north.

History

The name "Carnforth" is thought to derive from its old function as a ford of the River Keer on which it is situated. Over time the descriptive name "Keer-ford" may have morphed into the modern "Carnforth". An alternative explanation is that the name derives from 'Chreneforde' and is Anglo-Saxon in origin, as cited in the Victoria County History of Lancashire.

Much of the history of Carnforth revolves around the railway and ironworks. Vast deposits of limestone located locally made Carnforth an ideal place for an ironworks, as limestone is a key component of the smelting process. In 1846 the Carnforth Ironworks Company established a works, located near the railway station. In the same year a recession occurred in the Earl of Dudley ironworks in Worcestershire, this meant there was a surplus of workers. A number of workers moved to the ironworks and lived in the nearby company village of Dudley (now called Millhead). In 1864 the Carnforth Haematite Company took over the works and production was vastly increased due to iron ore that was brought in by rail from the Furness Peninsula. By 1872 steel production became the main focus for the works using the new Bessemer process. By 1889 this process had failed. Iron production continued at the works until 1929 when it eventually closed down. The site was taken over by the War Department as an ordnance depot and remained as such until the 1960s. From then to the present the site is now an industrial estate housing several businesses.[2]

In the 19th century, Carnforth grew from a small village into a railway town when it became the junction of three major railways. Carnforth Motive Power Depot was located to the west of the West Coast Main Line and was one of the last to retain an allocation of steam locomotives until mid-1968. The buildings are now occupied by West Coast Railways[3] who still maintain and overhaul steam locos in their premises. The concrete locomotive coaling tower is a rare survivor.

With the closure of Carnforth MPD in 1968, Carnforth railway station facilities were reduced. The main line platforms were closed in May 1970 and subsequently removed when the line was electrified two years later, although services still run on the Furness line and the Leeds–Morecambe line (the Bentham line).

From the 1920s to the 1980s Morphy's Mill, in Oxford Street, was a major employer of women in Carnforth. Contrary to its name it was not a mill but a factory making blouses and other garments.[4] [5]

Brief Encounter

In 1945, Carnforth railway station was used as a location for the David Lean film Brief Encounter, starring Celia Johnson and Trevor Howard. Fans of this film were one of the major factors in the recent refurbishment of the railway station, including construction of a refreshment room to match the studio set used in the film. This reopened in 2021 as the Brief Encounter Refreshment Room Bistro and Bar.[6] There are also exhibitions and a heritage centre which is now run by the Carnforth Station Trust.[7] The 2018 novel Past Encounters by local writer Deborah Swift is set, in part, in Carnforth during the filming of Brief Encounter.[8]

Gallery of film locations

Governance

An electoral ward in the same name exists. This ward is smaller than the parish with a total population of 4,439.[9]

Carnforth is in the parliamentary constituency of Morecambe and Lunesdale, represented since 2024 by Lizzi Collinge of the Labour Party.[10]

Geography

Carnforth is on the A6 road north of Lancaster, Lancashire, to the west of the M6 motorway.[11]

The River Keer runs through the north-north-west of the town with the mouth of the river flowing into Morecambe Bay. It forms the parish boundary between Carnforth and Warton. A bridge between Carnforth and Millhead is the lowest road crossing of the river, although there is a footbridge a little further downstream.

Demography

The Office for National Statistics recognises an area described as Carnforth Built-up area, defined algorithmically, which includes Carnforth and Warton. It is divided into two parts: Carnforth subdivision, which includes the Millhead area within Warton parish, and Warton subdivision. The ONS definition of a built-up area includes built-up land separated by 200m from another settlement.[12]

2011 Census
Named area Population Area Population density Note
Carnforth civil parish 5,560 6.09sqkm 910PD/sqkm
Carnforth ward4,439 5.33sqkm 830PD/sqkm Excludes Crag Bank area
Carnforth Built-up area 7,920 2.33sqkm 3400PD/sqkm Comprises Carnforth and Warton Built-up area subdivisions
Carnforth Built-up area subdivision 6,115 1.75sqkm 3480PD/sqkm Includes Millhead area
Warton Built-up area subdivision 1,805 0.575sqkm 3140PD/sqkm Excludes Millhead area

Health service

There is a general practice surgery in the town with eleven partners and four associate GPs. It has smaller surgeries in Arnside, Bolton-le-Sands, Halton, and Silverdale, to serve patients in outlying villages.[13] It is within the North Lancashire clinical commissioning group and patients are served by the University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust.

There is also an NHS clinic, adjacent to the GP practice, used for a variety of services.[14] [15]

Transport

Carnforth lies on the A6 road, which is served by buses southwards to Lancaster and Morecambe and northwards to Milnthorpe, Kendal and Keswick, including the 555 bus, described as one of the longest and most scenic bus routes in England. The M6 motorway passes to the east of the town, and its junction 35 is on the outskirts of Carnforth, connected by either the A601(M) motorway or the B6254 road.

The West Coast Main Line railway from London to Scotland passes through Carnforth railway station but the trains do not stop there: passengers must travel south to Lancaster or north to Oxenhoime for connections to that line. Trains from Carnforth serve the Leeds–Morecambe line and the Furness line.

The Lancaster Canal passes through Carnforth; there is a marina for pleasure boats. Historically the canal connected Lancaster to Kendal, but it is now closed beyond Tewitfield, north of Carnforth.

Both the Lancashire Coastal Way and the Bay Cycle Way skirt the western side of Carnforth, crossing the River Keer by the footbridge north west of the town.

Media

Local TV coverage is provided by BBC North West and ITV Granada. Television signals are received from the Lancaster relay TV transmitter.[16]

Local radio stations are BBC Radio Lancashire on 104.5 FM, Heart North West on 96.9 FM, Smooth North West on 100.4 FM, Greatest Hits Radio Lancashire on 96.5 FM and Beyond Radio, a community based station which broadcast from its studios in Lancaster on 107.5 FM.[17]

The town is served by these local newspapers:

Education

Primary schools:

Secondary schools:

There is also a public library branch in the town.[24]

Religious sites

The Anglican parish church of Christ Church, on Lancaster Road, was built in 1875 with later additions, and is a grade II listed building. It worships in the Anglo-Catholic tradition.[25] It is in the Deanery of Tunstall in the Diocese of Blackburn.[26]

Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic church, on Kellet Road, is a small building in modern romanesque style, which opened in 1967, replacing a temporary church which had opened in 1926.[27] It is a joint parish with St Mary's Church, Yealand Conyers and St Mary's Church, Bolton-le-Sands, in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lancaster.[28]

Emmanuel Congregational Church, on Hawk Street, was established in 1884 and is a member of the Congregational Federation.[29]

Carnforth Free Methodist Church was established in 1995. It holds services at Carnforth High School on Kellet road and has a community centre adjacent to the school.[30]

The Salvation Army have a church in Preston Street and also run a charity shop on Market Street.[31]

The Jehovah's Witnesses have a Kingdom Hall on the outskirts of Carnforth at Mill Lane, Warton.[32]

Sport

The town is home to Carnforth RUFC rugby union club,[33] Carnforth Rangers football club[34] and Carnforth Cricket Club.[35]

Notable people

The Conservative Party politician Cecil Parkinson was born in Carnforth in 1931 and became Baron Parkinson of Carnforth in 1992.

The birthplace of Rugby League player Robert Wilson, born in the first quarter of 1879 and died in 1916.

Wealthy English merchant, Sheriff of London and builder of Hengrave Hall, Sir Thomas Kitson who was born in 1485 and died in 1540 was born in Warton/Carnforth.

Musician Steve Kemp attended Carnforth High School.

Myers Danson was Dean of Aberdeen and Orkney from 1907 to 1909, he was born in Carnforth in 1845.

Adam Thistlethwaite, born in 1988, is from Carnforth, and is a member of the band Massive Wagons.[36]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Parish headcount . 10 January 2009 . . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20061210214612/http://www.lancashireparishcouncils.gov.uk/documents/information/Parish_headcount.pdf . 10 December 2006 . dmy .
  2. Web site: Carnforth Canal Walks . 8 October 2007 . Simon Holt Marketing Services . 16 .
  3. Web site: Yorkshire and Scotland Steam Train Trips – Online Booking Now Available all operated by West Coast Railways . Westcoastrailways.co.uk . 22 August 2012.
  4. Jones. Sheila. Morphy's Mill (Part One). Mourholme Magazine of Local History. 2013. 63. 4–10. 6 March 2016.
  5. Jones. Sheila. Morphy's Mill (Part Two). Mourholme Magazine of Local History. 2013. 64. 4–10. 6 March 2016.
  6. Web site: Welcome - Brief Encounter Refreshment Room Bistro & Bar . 2 November 2021.
  7. Web site: Carnforth Station Heritage Centre – Home of Brief Encounter . Carnforthstation.co.uk . 17 October 2003 . 22 August 2012.
  8. Web site: Past Encounters (World War Two Sagas) by Deborah Swift . www.fantasticfiction.com . 4 September 2022.
  9. Web site: Ward population 2011. 7 June 2015.
  10. News: Morecambe and Lunesdale - General election results 2024 . 6 July 2024 . BBC News.
  11. Web site: Carnforth, Lancaster . OS GetOutside . 4 September 2022 . en-gb.
  12. Web site: 2011 Built-up Areas - Methodology and Guidance . Office for National Statistics . 28 July 2021 . 2013.
  13. Web site: Home page. Ash Trees Surgery. 7 November 2017.
  14. Web site: Carnforth Clinic. NHS Property Services. 7 November 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171107165942/http://our.property.nhs.uk/index.php?id=151&property=3399. 7 November 2017. dead.
  15. Web site: Open repair clinics. Audiology. University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay. 7 November 2017.
  16. Web site: Full Freeview on the Lancaster (Lancashire, England) transmitter. UK Free TV . 2 November 2023.
  17. Web site: North West Radio Stations . 2 November 2023.
  18. Web site: Lancaster Guardian. 27 April 2014. British Papers. 2 November 2023.
  19. Web site: The Westmorland Gazette. 13 November 2013. British Papers. 2 November 2023.
  20. Web site: Lancashire Evening Post. 10 June 2014. British Papers. 2 November 2023.
  21. Web site: Carnforth Community Primary School . www.carnforthprimary.lancs.sch.uk . 4 September 2022.
  22. Web site: Christ Church CE Primary School . 4 September 2022 . en.
  23. Web site: Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Primary School . www.olol.lancs.sch.uk . 4 September 2022.
  24. Web site: Carnforth Library. Libraries. Lancashire County Council. 7 November 2017.
  25. Web site: About . Christ Church Carnforth . 26 July 2023.
  26. Web site: Tunstall . www.blackburn.anglican.org . The Diocese of Blackburn . 26 July 2023.
  27. Web site: Our Lady of Lourdes, Carnforth - Catholics in Carnforth, Bolton-le-Sands, & Yealand . www.ololcarnforth.org.uk . 26 July 2023.
  28. Web site: Our Parishes, Churches & Chapels . The Diocese of Lancaster . 26 July 2023 . 12 May 2015.
  29. Web site: Carnforth - Emmanuel . www.congregational.org.uk . Congregational Federation . 26 July 2023 . en.
  30. Web site: Identity . www.cfmc.org.uk . Carnforth Free Methodist Church . 26 July 2023.
  31. Web site: Carnforth . www.salvationarmy.org.uk . The Salvation Army . 26 July 2023 . en.
  32. Web site: Carnforth . jw.org . 26 July 2023.
  33. Web site: Carnforth RUFC . www.pitchero.com . 4 September 2022.
  34. Web site: Welcome . Carnforth Rangers Football Club . 4 September 2022 . en.
  35. Web site: Carnforth CC . carnforth.play-cricket.com . 4 September 2022.
  36. Web site: Adam Thistlethwaite . Discogs . 4 September 2022 . en.