| Honorific Prefix: | General |
| Carlos Fernández Vallespín | |
| Office: | President of the Board of Joint Chiefs of Staff |
| Term Start: | 2 February 1977 |
| Term End: | 28 April 1977 |
| Predecessor: | Position established |
| Successor: | Felipe Galarza Sánchez |
| Office2: | Chief of the Defence High Command |
| Monarch2: | Juan Carlos I |
| Term Start2: | 15 June 1974 |
| Term End2: | 28 April 1977 |
| Predecessor2: | Manuel Díez-Alegría |
| Successor2: | Felipe Galarza Sánchez |
| Birth Name: | Carlos Fernández Vallespín |
| Birth Date: | 13 July 1913 |
| Birth Place: | Ferrol, Galicia, Kingdom of Spain |
| Death Place: | Madrid, Spain |
| Death Cause: | Myocardial infarction |
| Allegiance: | Nationalist faction |
| Branch: | (Wehrmacht) |
| Serviceyears: | 1935–1977 |
| Rank: | Lieutenant general |
| Commands: | General Military Academy Defence High Command Board of Joint Chiefs of Staff |
| Battles: | Spanish Civil War World War II |
Carlos Fernández Vallespín (13 July 1913 – 28 April 1977) was a Spanish military officer.
Carlos Fernández Vallespín was born in Ferrol, Galicia on 13 July 1913. He entered the Toledo Infantry Academy in 1935, and participated in the Spanish coup of July 1936 in Madrid at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, being wounded and taken prisoner by the Republicans. After managing to escape, he participated in various actions within the Nationalist faction. Following the Civil War, he fought on the Eastern Front of World War II, in the ranks of the Blue Division (Spanish; Castilian: División Azul, German: Blaue Division), or the 250th Infantry Division of the German Wehrmacht, being wounded again.
In 1965 he reached the rank of brigadier general. He served as director of the General Military Academy between 1968 and 1969.
In 1969 he was promoted to major general and was appointed General Commander of Ceuta.
In 1972 he was appointed lieutenant general and Captain General of the, based in Valladolid. In 1974 he was appointed Chief of the Defence High Command Spanish; Castilian: (Alto Estado Mayor, AEM),[1] the principal staff body of the Francoist Spanish Armed Forces, in charge of coordination between the general staffs of the three military branches. With the advent of democracy and the restructuring of the Armed Forces, he was appointed President of the newly created Board of Joint Chiefs of Staff Spanish; Castilian: (Junta de Jefes de Estado Mayor, JUJEM) in 1977.
Shortly after this last appointment, he died in Madrid of a myocardial infarction, on 28 April 1977.[2]