Cardellina Explained

Cardellina is a genus of passerine birds in the New World warbler family Parulidae. The genus name Cardellina is a diminutive of the Italian dialect word Cardella for the European goldfinch.^[1]

The genus was introduced by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1850.^[2] The type species was subsequently designated as the red-faced warbler.^{[3] [4]} The genus originally contained one species, the red-faced warbler. A comprehensive study of the wood-warblers published in 2010 that analysed mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the five species formed a discrete clade, with the Wilson's and Canada warblers as early offshoots, followed by a lineage that gave rise to two branches – one leading to the red-faced and another that diverged to the red and pink-headed warblers.^[5]

List of species

The following five species are currently recognized.^[6]

Image	Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
	Cardellina canadensis		Summers in Canada and northeastern United States and winters in northern South America.
	Cardellina pusilla		Across Canada and south through the western United States, and winters from Mexico south through much of Central America.
	Cardellina rubrifrons		Mexico and the US states of Arizona and New Mexico, and the Central American nations of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras.
	Cardellina rubra		Highlands of Mexico, north of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
	Cardellina versicolor		Southwestern Highlands of Guatemala and the central and southeastern Highlands of the Mexican state of Chiapas.

Notes and References

1. Book: Jobling, James A. . 2010. The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm . London, United Kingdom . 978-1-4081-2501-4 . 91 .
2. Book: Bonaparte, Charles Lucien . Charles Lucien Bonaparte . 1850 . Conspectus generum avium . 1 . Latin . Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden] . E.J. Brill . 312 .
3. Book: Paynter . Raymond A. Jr . 1968 . Check-list of birds of the world . 14 . Museum of Comparative Zoology . Cambridge, Massachusetts . 51 .
4. Book: Dickinson . E.C. . Edward C. Dickinson . Christidis . L. . Leslie Christidis . 2014 . The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World . 2: Passerines . 4th . Eastbourne, UK . Aves Press . 978-0-9568611-2-2 . 368 .
5. Lovette . Irby J. . Jorge L. . Pérez-Emán . John P. . Sullivan . Richard C. . Banks . Isabella . Fiorentino . Sergio . Córdoba-Córdoba . María . Echeverry-Galvis . F. Keith . Barker . Kevin J. . Burns . John . Klicka . Scott M. . Lanyon . Eldredge . Bermingham . 2010 . A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves) . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 57 . 2 . 753–770 . 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.07.018 . 20696258 . 2010MolPE..57..753L . 25 April 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170810121438/http://argentavis.org/2012/referencias/documento_89.pdf . 10 August 2017 . dead .
6. Web site: Gill . Frank . Frank Gill (ornithologist) . Donsker . David . 2018 . New World warblers, mitrospingid tanagers . World Bird List Version 8.1 . International Ornithologists' Union . 1 May 2018 .