The No. 7 Caobao Road Bridge Blockhouse is a historical site situated on the north side of the eastern embankment of the No. 7 Caobao Road Bridge (also known as the Puhuitang Bridge), in Qibao Town, Minhang District, Shanghai. These fortress remains are now located within Minhang Cultural Park and hold significance as they are included in the lists of Minhang District[1] and Shanghai Municipal Cultural Relics Protection Units . They are also designated as the Minhang District Patriotism Education Base.[2] The People's Government of Qibao Town has erected a monument to honor revolutionary martyrs and acommemorative sculpture to pay tribute to the 37 soldiers of the fourth battalion of the 81st Division of the Third Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army who lost their lives during the three-day battle to liberate Shanghai. Adjacent to the blockhouse, there stands a statue of a PLA soldier. Previously, a small building covering an area of around 100 square meters was open to the public free of charge within Minhang Cultural Park.This building served as a memorial hall to educate the public about the history of the battle to liberate Shanghai. However, it appears that this building has been demolished.
In the past, the first section of Caobao Road was an ancient post road, commonly referred to as "Dongguan Road", This road served as a crucial land transportation route from Jiangsu and Zhejiang to Shanghai.[3] During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Qibao found itself on the western side of the Japanese-imposed Qingxiang blockade line. The Japanese army established a checkpoint on the No. 7 bridge of Caobao Road, a significant point along the blockade line. During this time, many essential goods like grain, cotton, and oil needed in Shanghai were smuggled through Qibao.
Consequently, the Japanese army constructed a two-story brick checkpoint on the south side of the bridge’s east end. A small team of Japanese soldiers, puppet forces, interpreters, and even some wolves and dogs were stationed there. Tragically, the loss of many Shanghai citizens at the hands of the Japanese army stands as evidence of the Japanese invasion of China.[4] After World War II, there were conflicts between different forces in Shanghai. In August 1945, Li Yingjie's group from the Shanghai Tax Police Corps, previously connected to Zhou Fohai,took control of the No. 7 Bridge bunker. Later that month, Zhu Yaming's troops, with the help of the Chinese Communist Party's underground party in Qibao Town, launched a counterattack on the bunker. This battle lasted about three hours, resulting in over 20 casualties, including Li Yingjie, but the bunker remained under the National Revolutionary Army.
In January 1949, Tang Enbo, who was in charge of the Kuomintang’s Shanghai garrison,established a defensive system around Shanghai’s suburbs. This system consisted of concrete bunkers, and it stretched from Xinjing Port in Jingting Village, Xinjing Township, along the south bank of Puhuitang to No. 7 Bridge on Caobao Road. In May 1949, [5] the Chinese People's Liberation Army Third Field Army entered Shanghai. the Chinese People's Liberation Army The leader, the commander of the fourth battalion of the 81st Division of the 27th Army, engaged in a fierce three-day battle with the Kuomintang bunker garrison. The People’s Liberation Army employed strategic tactics, eventually taking control of the bunkers. Many lives were lost, with only 37 soldiers being buried near the former Qingming Festival in 1951, Pan Hannian, then deputy mayor of Shanghaiat the time, personally attended a ceremony on Qingming Festival. In 1952, the remains from the north side of the former Qibao Temple were interred in the Shanghai Martyrs’ Cemetery.
In 1986, this site was designated as a cultural relic protection unit in the original Shanghai County.[6] After the merger of Shanghai County into Minhang District, in May 1995, it was renamed the Minhang District Patriotic Education Base.[7]
In January 1996, the memorial site was included in the first group of cultural relics protection units in Minhang District.That same year, the People's Government of Qibao Town invested over 500,000 yuan to construct a 500-square-meter square and commissioned the Shanghai Oil Painting and Sculpture Research Institute to design and create a statue of a PLA warrior,[8] This statue was completed in November of the same year.
On March 23, 2014, the Anti-Japanese War and Liberation War Memorial Site at No. 7 Bridge on Caobao Road was reopened to the public as part of the second phase of the Minhang Cultural Park project.[9] In April 2014, the No. 7 Bridge Bunker was recognized as the eighth group of Shanghai cultural relics protection units.[10] [11]