Lacolle, Quebec Explained

Lacolle
Settlement Type:Municipality
Pushpin Map:Canada Southern Quebec
Pushpin Map Caption:Location within southern Quebec
Coordinates:45.0833°N -95°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:Province
Subdivision Type2:Region
Subdivision Name2:Montérégie
Subdivision Type3:RCM
Subdivision Name3:Le Haut-Richelieu
Established Title1:Constituted
Established Date1:September 13, 2001
Government Footnotes:[1] [2]
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:Jacques Lemaistre-Caron
Leader Title1:Federal riding
Leader Name1:Saint-Jean
Leader Title2:Prov. riding
Leader Name2:Huntingdon
Area Total Km2:53.50
Area Land Km2:49.64
Population Total:2680
Population As Of:2011
Population Density Km2:54.0
Population Blank1 Title:Pop 2006-2011
Population Blank1: 6.7%
Population Blank2 Title:Dwellings
Population Blank2:1185
Timezone:EST
Utc Offset:−5
Timezone Dst:EDT
Utc Offset Dst:−4
Postal Code Type:Postal code(s)
Postal Code:J0J 1J0
Area Code:450 and 579
Blank Name:Highways
Blank Info:

Lacolle (in French pronounced as /lakɔl/) is a municipality in southern Quebec, Canada, located in the administrative area of the Montérégie, on the Canada–United States border. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 2,680. The Lacolle River runs eastward through the middle of the town and empties in Richelieu River. More people cross the border illegally from the United States there than at any other point. Almost nineteen thousand people were detained in 2017.[3] The nearest town across the border is Champlain, New York.

History

The written history of Lacolle can be traced back to July 4, 1609, when Samuel de Champlain and his entourage stopped briefly at the mouth of a small stream for a meal before continuing southward up the Richelieu River into the lake which now bears his name. In his journal, Champlain referred to the location of the delta as "Lacole". When translated literally, the term means the neck of a bottle or that which is above the shoulders.

Lacolle was the site of three battles in the early 19th Century. Two of the battles took place during the War of 1812. The Battle of Lacolle Mills (1812) was a short engagement in which a small garrison of Canadien Militia, with the assistance of Kahnawake Mohawk warriors, defended a makeshift log blockhouse from an American invasion force led by Major General Henry Dearborn.[4] In the Battle of Lacolle Mills (1814) a garrison of 80 men of the 13th Regiment of Foot and a Congreve rocket detachment of the Royal Marine Artillery, later reinforced by a company of the Canadian Voltigeurs and the Grenadier company of the Canadian Fencibles successfully defended a blockhouse and stone mill building from an attacking American force of 4,000 men led by Major General James Wilkinson.[5] [6] [7]

The Battle of Lacolle was fought on November 7, 1838, between Loyal Lower Canada volunteer forces under Major John Scriver and Lower Canada rebels under Colonel Ferdinand-Alphonse Oklowski. The half hour battle ended in a rebel defeat.[8] [9]

Demographics

Language

Canada Census Mother Tongue - Lacolle, Quebec
CensusTotal
YearResponsesCountTrendPop % CountTrendPop %CountTrendPop %CountTrendPop %
2,275 5.3%84.89%310 21.6%11.57%40 166.7%1.49%55 26.7%2.05%
2,160 60.0%86.23%255 240.0%10.18%15 40.0%0.60%75 66.7%2.99%
1,350 12.5%90.30%75 63.4%5.02%25 54.5%1.67%45 10.0%3.01%
1,200 n/a79.47%205n/a13.58%55n/a3.64%50n/a3.31%

Industry

Lacolle as a small industrial park featuring Arneg Inc, Soudure HMC inc, and a Recycling complex operated by Compo Haut-Richelieu inc. (headquartered in St-Jean-sur-Richelieu).

Education

The South Shore Protestant Regional School Board previously served the municipality.[10]

See also

External links



Notes and References

  1. Web site: Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire: Lacolle . 2012-03-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201746/http://www.mamrot.gouv.qc.ca/repertoire-des-municipalites/fiche/municipalite/56023/ . 2013-10-29 . dead .
  2. https://archive.today/20121205202124/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/HFER/hfer.asp?Language=E&Search=Det&Include=Y&rid=643 Parliament of Canada Federal Riding History: SAINT-JEAN (Quebec)
  3. News: Quan . Douglas . RCMP has spent more than $6.6M to process migrants at Canada's busiest illegal crossing . 4 February 2019 . National Post . 3 February 2019.
  4. Web site: Battle of Lacolle Mills. 11 November 2013.
  5. John R. Elting, Amateurs to Arms, p.176
  6. http://www.warof1812.ca/lacolle.htm Report of the Commanding Officer of the 13th Foot
  7. NICOLAS, Paul Harris: Historical Record of the Royal Marine Forces, Volume 2, p253
  8. http://cgi2.cvm.qc.ca/glaporte/1837.pl?out=article&pno=n194&cherche=EVENEMENT "La bataille de Lacolle, 6 novembre 1838"
  9. http://www.memoireduquebec.com/wiki/index.php?title=Bataille_de_Lacolle_-_6_et_7_novembre_1838._%28Bataille%29 "Bataille de Lacolle - 6 et 7 novembre 1838. (Bataille)"
  10. King, M.J. (Chairperson of the board). "South Shore Protestant Regional School Board" (St. Johns, PQ). The News and Eastern Townships Advocate. Volume 119, No. 5. Thursday December 16, 1965. p. 2. Retrieved from Google News on November 23, 2014.